簡介
果實分類學(carpology)
Comparative anatomical study on the genus Physospermopsis fruit from China and its systematic significance
套用比較解剖學方法對國產滇芎屬(Physospermopsis Wolff)以及瘤果芹屬(Trachydium Lindl.)和稜子芹屬(Pleurospermum Hoffm.)共10種植物果實橫切面的解剖特徵進行了系統研究,比較分析了分生果的壓扁程度、果棱大小、果壁各層果皮的特點、油管數目、胚乳形狀等,歸納出上述各屬果實的解剖特徵,同時結合外部形態及花粉特徵,將滇芎屬果實分為3個類型.結合已有的研究結果,探討了滇芎屬果實的進化趨勢以及屬下分類和種間關係,並分析了與瘤果芹屬和稜子芹屬的演化關係,認為滇芎屬果實較後二者果實演化程度低.
摘要
為尋找絹蒿屬系統學的新證據，套用解剖鏡和掃描電鏡對我國8種絹蒿屬植物的果實微形態特徵進行了比較觀察。結果表明，絹蒿屬8種植物果實形狀相似性較高，呈倒卵形或長倒卵形，直或稍彎曲；果臍圓形，常偏向一側；頂端中央均可見花柱殘留物，邊緣具衣領狀環；果實表面紋飾為搓板狀和不規則皺褶紋飾。這些果實微形態特徵中，果實的表面紋飾具有一定的差異，特別是次級結構，可作為絹蒿屬植物區分種的參考性狀之一。
To discuss the systematic problem of Seriphidium (Bess) Poljak., the micro-morphological features on fruit of 8 species in China were observed under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the first time. The results show that the shape of most fruit was inversely-ovate or lengthened inversely-ovate; the hilum was round, which located top beside of fruit; there was a collar-ring on the top of fruit, and there were many remainder from style in central of collar-ring; the surfaces of fruit have washboard-form and obviously fold ornamentation. The surface micro-morphology were different to some extent between species, which can be used to classify of Seriphidium (Bess) Poljak.
