桑林禱雨
原文
昔者湯克夏而正天下,天大旱,五年不收。湯乃以身禱於桑林,曰:“餘一人有罪,無及萬夫,萬夫有罪,在餘一人;無以一人之不敏,使上帝鬼神傷民之命。”於是翦其發,磿其手,以身為犧牲,用祈福於上帝。民乃甚悅,雨乃大至。[《呂氏春秋"順民篇》]
1.正,君有。2.桑林,高誘註:“桑林之山,能興雲作雨也。”當即殷的高禖神壇,其地在殷都毫附近。3.不敏,遲鈍不達事理。4.翦,通“剪”。5.磿,音立,以木壓十指而縛之。
雙語對譯
傳說商代開國之君成湯滅夏之後,天大旱,整五年顆粒無收。湯於是親自在桑林中祈求降雨,他說:“我一人有罪不要殃及百姓,若百姓有罪,也由我一人承擔,莫要因為一人觸犯了上天,而使鬼神作出傷害百姓性命的事來。”不久之後,天降甘霖。
AfterTangoverthrewtheXiaDynastyandascendedthethrone,therewasaseveredroughtandforfivelongyearspeopleharvestednothing.TangthenwenttotheforestonMountShangandpray,"IfIhavedoneanythingwrong,pleasedonotpunishmysubjects;ifmysubjectshavedoneanythingwrong,itisallmyfault.Maygod,ghostsandspiritssparethelivesofthepeopleandpunishmeformyignoranceandstupidity."Hecuthishairandfixedhisfingersinwoodenhoops.Indoingso,TangwasofferinghimselfasasacrificetoprayforHeaven'smercyandblessing.Peoplethroughoutthecountryweregladtohearaboutthis.Apouringraincameatlast.
Lvshichunqiu(HistoricalwritingscompiledbyLvBuwei)