常用經濟術語中英對照表

常用經濟術語中英對照表收集整理常用經濟術語中文和英文的翻譯對照，方便廣大非專業人士快速了解和學習。

• 國民經濟、對外經濟貿易 National economy, Foreign economic relations and trade
• 經濟指標 economic indicators
• 社會總產值 total product of society
• 國民生產總值 GNP (Gross National Product)
• 國內生產總值 GDP (Gross domestic product)
• 人均國內生產總值 GDP per capita
• 工農業總產值 gross output value of industry and agriculture
• 國民收入 national income
• 購買力平價法 Purchasing power parity
• 財政收入 state revenue
• 社會商品零售總額 total volume of retail sales
• 社會零售物價總指數 general retail price index
• 百分點 percentage points
• "八五"劃劃 the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development
• 計畫經濟 planned economy
• 統購統銷 state monopoly over purchase and marketing
• 市場經濟 market economy
• 指令性計畫 mandatory plan
• 指導性計畫 guidance plan
• 市場調節 market regulation
• 建立市場經濟、法制、民主監督和廉政"三個機制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government
• 抓好農業、交通能源、教育科技"三個基礎" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology
• 實現產業結構、生態環境和人口素質"三個最佳化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population
• 第一、二、三產業 primary, secondary and tertiary industries
• 外向型經濟 export-oriented economy
• 創匯型企業 foreign exchange-earning enterprise
• 勞動密集型 labor intensive
• 技術、智力、資本密集型 technology, knowledge or capital intensive
• 高附加值的深加工 down-stream processing with high added-value
• 最佳化資源配置 optimize allocation of resources
• 生產力 productive forces
• 生產資料 capital goods
• 科研成果產業化 industrialization of research findings
• 火炬計畫 Torch Plan
• 技術入股 technology appraised as capital stock
• 風險投資 venture investment/capital
• 固定資產投資 investment in fixed assets
• 折舊費 depreciation cost
• 關係民生的產品 products vital to the people’s livelihood
• 供大於求 oversupply
• 供不應求 short supply
• 經濟過熱 overheated economy
• 抑制炒房地產熱 stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market
• 巨觀調控 macro-economic control
• 經濟槓桿 economic levers
• 產業政策 industrial policy
• 財政, 稅收, 信貸，利率, 匯率 public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate
• 提高經濟效益 enhance economic performance/returns
• 社會效益 social effect/returns
• 實現持續、穩定、協調的發展 bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development
• 財政赤字(盈餘 ) budget deficit(surplus)
• 外貿出口總額 gross foreign export value
• 外商直接投資協定金額 contracted foreign direct investment
• 實際利用外資 foreign investment in actual use
• 三資企業(中外合資合作、外商獨資經營) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture
• 允許外商獨資經營 allow full foreign equity operation
• 優惠條件 confessional terms; favorable terms
• 減免稅收 tax reduction and exemption
• 合作方式 approaches to cooperation
• 出資方式 means of contributing investment
• 合營期限 contract term of a joint venture
• 三來一補 (來料加工,來件裝配,來樣加工) processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)
• 貿易夥伴 trade partner
• 轉口貿易 transit trade
• 外貿順差 foreign trade surplus
• 積極引進外來資金、技術、人才和管理經驗 actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside
• 交鑰匙工程 turn-key project
• 招標承包制 bidding invitation contract system
• 招標出售技術 bids for technology
• 公開招標 call for bid; tenders
• 招標單 invitation for bid (IFB)
• 標書 bidding document
• 竟標 competitive bidding
• 投標 bid for a project
• 投標報價書 bid proposals
• 評標 bid proposal evaluation
• 開標 bid opening
• 中標 win a bid; be awarded a tender
• 拍賣 auction
• 租賃 leasing
• 保稅區 bonded area; free trade area
• 實行全方位開放 practice multi-directional opening
• 統一政策、放開經營、平等競爭、 unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition
• 自負盈虧、工貿結合、推行代理制 responsibility for one’s own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system
• 智慧財產權 intellectual property rights
• 技術轉讓 technology transfer
• 可行性研究 feasibility study
• 意向書 letter of intent
• 投資環境 investment environment
• 跨國公司 transnational coorporation
• 基礎設施 infrastructure
• 20年基本實現現代化 basically achieve modernization in 20 years
• 發揮技術視窗管理視窗和人才視窗的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.
• 招商 attract investment
• 招商項目 project proposals for investment
• 同國際慣例接軌 follow the international codes of practice; bring … in line with the international usage
• 加大改革力度 intensify reforms
• 一條龍服務 one package service
• 一支筆審批 one-chop approval
• 我們兩市的經濟互補性很強。 To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.
• 平等互利，互通有無 equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods
• 外引內聯 act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections
• 保持發展後勁 bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development
• 三通一平（水通、電通、路通、施工場地平） "three connections and one leveling" assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.
• 瓶頸 bottleneck
• 以工養農 use industrial income to finance agriculture
• 以路養路 use tolls to repay investment in road projects
• 下放審批權 delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels
• 統而不死，活而不亂 ensure a flexible control
• 良性循環 positive cycle
• 國民經濟的支柱 mainstay of the national economy
• 格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape.
• 理順企業的產權關係 rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises
• 政策性虧損 policy-related loss
• 三角債 chain debts
• 上不封頂，下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee
• 企業“工效掛鈎” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise
• 生意興隆/冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish
• 質量信得過單位 quality trustworthy organization
• 批量生產 mass production
• 以銷定產 limit production to market ability
• 內聯企業 inland associated enterprises
• 菜籃子工程 shipping basket project
• 國產化 percentage of home-made parts
• 配套改革 coordinated reforms
• 配套措施 supporting measures
• 配套工程 auxiliary project
• 國內配套資金 domestic funds
• 向基礎工業傾斜的政策 policy in favor of basic industry
• 升級換代 upgrading and updating
• 看好經濟成長 think highly of economic growth
• 行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expected.
• 行情看漲/跌 anticipate lower market price/rising price
• 隨行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions
• 片面追求發展速度 seek an unduly high growth rate
• 在過渡時期 in a period of transition
• 粗放/集約經營 extensive/intensive operation
• 基礎地位 leading position
• 門類齊全 covering extensive fields
• 存款餘額/貸款餘額 the balance of deposits/the balance of loans
• 外匯儲備 foreign exchange reserves
• 貿易順差 trade surplus