![Spread[英語單詞]](/img/e/bfa/nBnauM3XzczMwgDMygjN0ETN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL4YzL3AzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg "Spread[英語單詞]")
用作動詞
雙解釋義
vt. & vi. 伸開,展開,攤開 become wider
vt. & vi. 傳播,散布 (cause to) become widely known
基本要點
1.spread的基本意思是“伸開”,指把卷或疊著的東西展開或向四面八方擴大範圍,強調有目的地均勻撒開。所涉及的空間範圍可大可小; 可以計算,也可能無法計算。也可指在某物表面上敷上薄薄一層東西,引申可指某物“變得更流行”。
2.spread既可用作及物動詞,也可用作不及物動詞。用作及物動詞時,其賓語可以是具體名詞,也可以是抽象名詞。有時也可接以形容詞、過去分詞、動詞不定式充當補足語的複合賓語。
3.spread可接雙賓語,其間接賓語可以轉化為介詞for的賓語。
4.spread的賓語後接介詞on引起的短語,表示“把…鋪在或塗在…上”; 接介詞with引起的短語,表示“用…鋪滿或塗滿”。
固定搭配
spread+名詞
傳播疾病 spread disease
撒上石灰 spread lime
播放新聞 spread the news
散布謠言 spread the rumours
鋪上桌布 spread the table cloth
展開翅膀 spread the wings
揚言 spread the word
～+副詞
spread breathlessly 匆忙伸開
spread cautiously 小心翼翼地伸開
spread conscientiously 誠心誠意地傳播
spread daringly 大膽地傳播
spread dramatically 出人意料地傳播
spread emphatically 重點傳播
spread energetically 充滿活力地伸開
spread eventually 最終展開
spread extemporaneously 臨時地傳播
spread falteringly 猶豫地散布
spread fully 全面蔓延
spread gracefully 優雅地伸開
spread hesitatingly 猶豫不決地伸開
spread hurriedly 匆匆地傳播
spread ignobly 不光彩地傳播
spread immediately 立即伸開
spread inadvertently 非故意地展開
spread ingeniously 巧妙地伸開
spread insidiously 不知不覺地蔓延
spread instinctively 本能地傳播
spread moderately 適度傳播
spread mysteriously 秘密地伸開
spread officially 正式傳播
spread partially 部分展開
spread peacefully 平靜地伸開
spread philosophically 冷靜地伸開
spread politely 彬彬有禮地伸開
spread regionally 區域性傳播
spread regularly 定期地傳播
spread religiously 傳播宗教
spread reluctantly 不情願地傳播
spread ruthlessly 無情地蔓延
spread satisfactorily 滿意地伸開
spread scathingly 不留情地蔓延
spread scrupulously 謹慎地伸開
spread selectively 有選擇地傳播
spread spaciously 寬敞地展開
spread strenuously 艱難地傳播
spread temporarily 暫時伸開
spread thoughtlessly 輕率地傳播
spread unceremoniously 無禮地伸開
spread unconsciously 下意識地傳播
spread unhesitatingly 毫不猶豫地展開
spread usefully 有效地傳播
spread viciously 惡意地傳播
spread voluntarily 自動傳播
spread about 傳播,傳開去,散放著
spread about on the desk (檔案)散放在寫字檯上
spread the news about 把此訊息傳出去
spread around that story 散布傳說
spread out 伸張,鋪開,擴展,展開,攤開
spread out arms 伸開雙臂
spread out fingers 把五指伸開
～+介詞
spread beyond the walls of the college 傳到大學外邊
spread for hundreds of miles 綿延數百英里
spread from...to 從…傳到…
spread from mouth to mouth 眾口流傳
spread on 在…上塗
spread butter on bread 在麵包上塗黃油
spread over 傳遍,遍布,延續,覆蓋
spread over the city (訊息)傳遍全城
spread through the village 傳遍全村
spread to 蔓延到
spread to the houses nearby 蔓延至附近的居民
spread to the other buildings (大火) 蔓延到別的建築
spread with 用…塗…
spread with butter 在…上塗黃油
spread with jam 用果醬塗…
spread with wild flowers 野花爛漫
spread like wildfire v. 象野火般迅速傳播
辨析
spread, circulate, diffuse, disseminate, expand, extend, propagate, radiate
這組詞都有“延伸”“延長”“伸展”“展開”的意思。其區別是：
1.spread指向四面八方擴大範圍。
2.circulate指無拘無束地或不間斷地傳播、散布到各處。例如:
She opened a window to allow the air to circulate.她打開窗戶使空氣流通。
3.disseminate指到處傳播思想、理論等。例如:
They use the press to disseminate right wing views.他們利用報刊來傳播右翼觀點。
4.diffuse指光線、聲音、氣味等在空中傳送或散布。例如:
Light diffused from the window.光從窗戶射進來。
5.extend指延展物體的長度、寬度,延伸或擴大某一事物,以及延長時間、期限等,也指伸開四肢或軀體。例如:
They extended the road for three more miles.他們把那條路又延長了三英里多。
The headmaster extended our holidays by a week.校長把我們的假期延長了一個星期。
6.expand指擴大面積或體積,也指把合攏的東西放開(即三維)。例如:
This county has expanded its area under cultivation by more than 50,000 mu.該縣擴大了50,000畝耕地。
Heat expands metals.熱使金屬膨脹。
He does exercises to expand his chest.他做體操擴胸。
7.propagate通常指宣傳某種信念、看法或傳播某種言論,以使更多的人相信或參與。例如:
We should not only learn knowledge, but also propagate it.我們不僅應學習知識,而且應傳播它。
The Greek civilization was propagated all over Europe.希臘文明傳播至整個歐洲。
8.radiate指從中心向四面八方散發,是技術用語,特指光或熱的輻射。例如:
The sun radiates light and heat.太陽放射光和熱。
The electric heater radiated warmth.電暖器散發出熱量。
spread, scatter
這兩個詞都有“散布”“撒開”的意思。其區別是：
1.spread強調有目的地均勻塗抹、撒開。其賓語可以是具體名詞,也可以是抽象名詞。
2.scatter強調隨意性和無規律性,其賓語則只能是具體名詞。例如:
The police scattered the disorderly crowd.警察驅散了騷亂的人群。
The thundershower had temporarily scattered the swimmers.雷陣雨暫時驅散了游泳的人。
?下列各組中的句意相同：
We spread the butter on the bread at dinner.
We spread the butter over the bread at dinner.
We spread the bread with butter at dinner.
吃飯時我們把黃油塗在麵包上。
Spread some newspapers on the floor to
catch the dust.
Spread some newspapers over the floor
to catch the dust.
Spread the floor with some newspapers
to catch the dust.
在地板上鋪些報紙來擋塵土。
用作名詞
雙解釋義
S 傳播,蔓延 the act or action of spreading
C 幅度,範圍 a range or area over which sth spreads
U 塗抹食品的醬 a soft food for spreading on bread, etc.
C 整版的文章,整版的廣告 a newspaper or magazine article or advertisement usually covering one or more pages and with pictures
基本要點
1.spread用作名詞時基本意思是“傳播,蔓延”,引申可指“酒席”“(一片)廣闊的土地或水域”“塗抹食品的醬”等,通常用單數形式。
2.spread作“(延伸的)長度，大小，範圍”“整版的文章,整版的廣告”解時,是可數名詞。
