定義
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
平面上任取一個⊿ABC,充當坐標三角形,對於平面ABC上任意一點M,將下述三角形面積比 S⊿MBC:S⊿AMC:S⊿ABM= : : 叫做點M關於⊿ABC的 面積坐標(或 重心坐標),記作:M= ( : : )={ , , }。
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
註:這裡的面積 S⊿MBC,S⊿AMC,S⊿ABM都是有向面積。通常約定,頂點按逆時針方向排列的三角形面積為正,頂點按順時針方向排列的三角形面積為負,故各個坐標分量 , , 都是可正可負的。
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
由定義可知,某個點M的面積坐標既可記為 ( : : ),也可記為 (k :k :k )(k≠0)。也就是說,一個點的面積坐標記法並非唯一,他們可以相差一個非0的常數因子,因此這類坐標屬於齊次坐標,笛卡爾直角坐標不屬於齊次坐標。
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
當 + + =1時,面積坐標 ( : : )稱為 規範面積坐標。
![面積坐標](/img/2/1ac/wZwpmL0cjNyYTMzEzNxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLxczL4AzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLzE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/f/109/wZwpmLycjNxMzMyAjNxMzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLwYzLyQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/a72/wZwpmL2UzMyYTN1YjNxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL2YzLzgzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/c/aab/wZwpmLygjNzQzN3cTN0MTN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL3UzLxczLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/2/046/wZwpmL4ATM4ETO2gzNxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL4czLxYzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/2/e48/wZwpmL1cjM3YzN4gTNxMzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL4UzLwAzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
三角形中任一點P與其3個角點相連形成3個子三角形,以原三角形邊所對應的角碼來命名此3個子三角形的面積,即 面積為 , 面積為 , 面積為 。P點的位置可有3個比值來確定,即
![面積坐標](/img/4/d89/wZwpmL4UDN4IDN3MTN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLzUzL3YzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/d/a93/wZwpmL0ETN1gTN5MDOxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLzgzL0AzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLwE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/d/848/wZwpmLwMjM2ETN1YDN0MTN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL2QzL3AzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLzE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
P( , , )
其中
![面積坐標](/img/e/e82/wZwpmL0IzNwIjN0YTNxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL2UzL1AzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/1/443/wZwpmLyIjN1ADN1cDOxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL3gzLygzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/c/096/wZwpmL3YDO3AjM2YTOxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL2kzLzAzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
A是三角形的面積,因此有
![面積坐標](/img/4/d89/wZwpmL4UDN4IDN3MTN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLzUzL3YzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/d/a93/wZwpmL0ETN1gTN5MDOxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLzgzL0AzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLwE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/d/848/wZwpmLwMjM2ETN1YDN0MTN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL2QzL3AzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLzE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
+ + =1
![面積坐標](/img/4/d89/wZwpmL4UDN4IDN3MTN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLzUzL3YzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/d/a93/wZwpmL0ETN1gTN5MDOxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLzgzL0AzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLwE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/d/848/wZwpmLwMjM2ETN1YDN0MTN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL2QzL3AzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLzE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
稱 , , 為面積坐標。
點的面積坐標符號
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
設點M( : : )是規範面積坐標:
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/861/wZwpmL0MjMwUTOwUDO2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL1gzL3IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/5/5c0/wZwpmL4EzM3YTO5IjN2UzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLyYzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/6/e69/wZwpmL3gzNxUzM5QzN0YzM1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0czL1EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
1)如果點M( : : )在三角形內部,那么 、 、 屬於開區間 (0,1);
2)如果一點在三角形的邊上,至少有一個面積坐標 為 0,其餘分量位於閉區間 [0,1];
3)如果有某個坐標小於 0,則位於三角形外部。
![面積坐標](/img/9/89f/wZwpmL2cTN1gzN4kjNxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL5YzLxQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLzE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/d/027/wZwpmL2MTMzEzM1MzNxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLzczLxEzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/d/361/wZwpmLwgzM4IjMwQDOxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0gzLxczLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
例 以a、b、c分別表示⊿ABC三角A、B、C所對的邊,,,等等。
則⊿ABC的“五心”的面積坐標如下:
![面積坐標](/img/1/21a/wZwpmL3EDO0EDNycDOxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL3gzL2EzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
重心:;
![面積坐標](/img/1/f72/wZwpmLxMjMzMzMzMTOxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLzkzLwQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLzE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/a/890/wZwpmLxYTM2czM3AjNxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLwYzLyIzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLyE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/2/62d/wZwpmL1YDMzIDO4cTNxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL3UzLzUzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
![面積坐標](/img/8/fdd/wZwpmLxATM2cDM4kzNxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL5czLxMzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
內心:( : : );
![面積坐標](/img/6/b9e/wZwpmLzgTN5cjMzgzNxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL4czLzQzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmL0E2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
旁心:,余類推;
![面積坐標](/img/8/d3f/wZwpmLwIzMxkzN4ITOxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzLykzL2gzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLwE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
垂心:;
![面積坐標](/img/c/715/wZwpmLwYDM3AzN1kDOxYjN1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL5gzL2IzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLxE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg)
外心:。