疑問副詞

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什麼是疑問副詞

疑問副詞
疑問副詞用來引導特殊疑問句,表示時間,地點,方式,原因等,常見的有:when, where, how, why等。

疑問副詞的舉例

How are you getting on with your English study?
你的英語學習進展得怎樣?
註:疑問副詞可以與一些詞結合在一起引導特殊疑問句,常見的有:how old, how long, how soon, how often, how far等。如:
How often do you see a movie ?
你多久看一次電影?
How soon will your father come back?
你父親還要多久才回來?
二.副詞的作用
1.副詞一般 可以修飾動詞,形容詞,其他副詞,介詞短語和句子等。如:
There is the post office, right in front of you.
那裡有郵電局,就在你前面。
2.副詞可以修飾名詞或代詞,置於名詞或代詞之後做定語。如:
More and more universities abroad come to enrol new students in China.
越來越多的外國大學到中國來招生。
3.副詞有時在句中可作表語。如:
I must be off now.
我得走了。
What’s on at the cinema this week?
這星期電影院放映什麼電影?
4.副詞還可在句中作賓語補足語。如:
Let us in, will you?
讓我們進去,好嗎?
When we went to her house, we found her out.
當我們到她家時,發現她不在家。

副詞一、分類

1.時間副詞

:now, then, yesterday, always, already, soon…

2.地點副詞

:here, home, upstairs, nowhere, above, near, beyond…

3.方式副詞

:多數是形容詞加上ly構成的,和一些well, fast, quick, slow, hard, alone, straight, wide…
在加詞尾ly時要注意:
(1)輔音+le:simple→simply, gentle→gently,
(2)以ic結尾的詞:classic→classical但是public→publicly
(3)以輔音讀音是[i]的y結尾的詞:easy→easily
(4)特例:full→fully, whole→wholly, true→truly

4.程度副詞,連線副詞,關係副詞

much, enough, quite, hardly, almost, deeply…

5.疑問副詞連線副詞,關係副詞:

how,who,where

二、副詞在句子中的作用.

1.主要作狀語,用來修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞以及整個句子。
First of all, I would like to introduce myself.
Obviously, there is nothing right.
2.有時也可以做定語或構成複合賓語
I hope you will enjoy your stay here.
I want it back right now.

三、副詞在句子中的位置.

1.多數副詞可以放在動詞後面,如果是及物動詞,一般放在賓語後面。
I got up late this morning.
I remember having seen him somewhere.
2.一些時間副詞通常放在動詞前面,如果句子裡有情態動詞或助動詞或動詞to be, 就放在這類動詞的後面。
She often comes here.
I could hardly believe it.
She is seldom ill.
3.疑問副詞,連線副詞,關係副詞和一些形容整個句子的副詞通常放在句首.
比如:actually, (un)fortunately, of course, first, at first, secondly, perhaps, probably, certainly, surely…
How did you like the movie we saw yesterday?
First we must call the police.
4.程度副詞一般放在他所修飾的詞前面。
I am terribly sorry for that.
He doesn't quite agree with me.
He ran so fast that he almost fall.
副詞的比較級和最高級:同形容詞用法相同.

四、副詞在句子中的位置以及作用

⑴作狀語:
① 時間副詞:一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在動詞的前面。如:We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.(我們明天要去參觀長城) / They have already been to the UK twice.(他們去過英王國兩次) / Soon the lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路)
② 頻度副詞:一般放在be動詞之後或者助動詞與主要動詞之間,但sometimes、often等還可以放在句首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、three times等一般放在句尾。如:Sometimes I get up early.(我有時起得早)/ The workers usually have lunch at the factory.(工人們通常在廠里吃午飯) / Take this medicine twice a day.(這種藥一天吃兩次)
③ 方式副詞:一般放在行為動之後,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或動詞之前。如:Old people can hardly walk as quickly as young people.(老年人幾乎不可能走得和年輕人一樣快) / Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞裡,他看見了一絲亮光)
④ 地點副詞:一般放在句尾,但here、there還可放在句首。如:There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).(在那裡,你可以看到成千上萬的腳踏車朝各個方向流動) / The frightened wolf ran away.(受到驚嚇的狼逃開了)/ He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回)
⑤ 程度副詞:修飾動詞時,放在動詞之前;修飾形容詞或副詞時,放在形容詞或副詞之前。但注意,enough總是放在被修飾的形容詞或動詞的後面;only位置比較靈活,總是放在被修飾的詞的前面。如:I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.(如果他不再次告訴我,我幾乎把那事全忘了) / It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵) / She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.(她早早地趕到車站趕上了首班車)
⑥ 疑問副詞:用於對句子的狀語進行提問,位置總是在句首。如:When and where were you born?(你何時何地出生?)/ Why did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小愛迪生為什麼要坐在雞蛋上?)/ How do you do?(你好!)
⑦ 連線副詞:用來引導主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句,在從句中作狀語。How I am going to kill the cat is still a question.(我打算怎樣殺死那隻貓還是個問題)/ That is why everyone is afraid of the tiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因) / He wondered how he could do it the next day.(他不知道第二天怎樣做那事)
⑧ 關係副詞:用來引導定語從句,在從句中作狀語。如:This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.(這就是張先生曾經住過的地方)/ Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(請告訴我你的英語是怎樣學得這么好的方法)
⑨ 其它副詞:too“也”,用在句尾;also放在動詞前;either “也不”,放在句尾;nor“也不”,放在句首;so“如此,這樣”,放在形容詞、副詞前;on/off“開/關”放在動詞之後;not放在be之後、助動詞之後、不定式或動名詞之前;maybe/perhaps放在句首;certainly放在句首或動詞之前。如:He went to the Palace Museum and I went there,too.(他去了故宮博物院,我也去了) / Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也許你的票就在你的裡邊衣袋裡) / --Tom doesn’t have a computer. �Nor do I.(湯姆沒有計算機,我也沒有。)
(2)作表語:地點副詞一般可以作表語,放在be等連繫動詞之後,說明人物所處的位置。如:I’m very sorry he isn’t in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)/ I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我離開家鄉有將近20年了) / Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那邊)
(3)作定語:時間副詞(如now、then)以及許多地點副詞都可以作名詞的定語,放在名詞的後面。如:People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(現在的人們經常在餐館裡吃節日晚宴) / Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世紀20年代那兒的女人過著可怕的日子)
(4)作賓語補足語:地點副詞一般可以作賓語補足語。如:Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的髒襪子拿開!它們在散發著臭氣。) / Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父親把他關在家裡做作業)
[注意] “動詞+副詞”的賓語如果是代詞,則該副詞應該放在代詞之後。如:He wrote down the word.(他寫下了那個詞。)→He wrote it down.(他把它寫了下來。)

常見副詞的用法

1)fairly,quite,rather表示“十分,非常”。fairly語氣最弱,放在不定冠詞之後;quite語氣較強,放在不定冠詞之前;rather語氣最強,可放在不定冠詞前後,也可放在比較級前和too之前。
【例如】
Thisisafairlyinterestingstory.Iwanttotellittomyfriends.
Youhavemadequiteafewmistakesinyouwriting.(quiteafew=many)TheweatherisrathercoldertodaythanIhaveexpected.Thestudentwasrathertoodull.
2)hardly,scarcely表示“幾乎不”,含否定含義。用於句首時,句子用倒裝語序。hardly和scarcely與when連用,表示“一……,就……”,相當於assoonas.
【例如】
HardlyhadIarrivedatthestationwhenthetrainleft.
ScarcelyhadIenteredthecinemawhenthefilmbegan.
3)late意思是“晚”,lately意思為“近來”;high表示位置,highly表示程度;most作副詞表示“最……”,mostly表示“主要的”。
【例如】
Theplaneflewhighintheskyandsoondisappeared.Myteacherspeakshighlyofme.Remembernottobelatenexttime.Haveyoueverheardfromhimlately?Whatdoyoulikemost?Thevillageismostlyofbrickhouses.
4)onlytooonlytoo表示“很,非常”。
【例如】
Iamonlytoopleasedtohelpyou.

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