Introduction
Hawksbill turtle which is shaped to be substantially similar to the other, both having a flattened body, a protective carapace, and adapted to pull with the paddle - like flippers, and hawksbill turtle has the most obvious characteristic of its eagle beak - like mouth, and the rear of the saw - tooth - like marginal Hawksbill turtle which is shaped to be substantially similar to the other, both having a flattened body, a protective carapace, and adapted to pull with the paddle - like flippers, and hawksbill turtle has the most obvious characteristic of its eagle beak - like mouth, and the rear of the saw - tooth - like marginal . hawksbill carapace with beautiful and colorful patterns, is a valuable and precious stones, jewellery, sculptures and other ornaments of the raw materials, the elegant and auspicious happiness there, a symbol of longevity, entitled "Golden Sea," said hawksbill carapace with beautiful and colorful patterns, is a valuable and precious stones, jewellery, sculptures and other ornaments of the raw materials, the elegant and auspicious happiness there, a symbol of longevity, entitled "Golden Sea," said .
who on excessive demand for the hawksbill turtle, the hawksbill turtle in the world leads to a range of continuous decline, is already in danger of disappearing.Currently (2013) two hawksbill turtle subspecies has the conservation status of the by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as critically endangered 5 in some countries, such as China and Japan, often to hunt the hawksbill turtle, digging their nests to eat its meat and eggs, turtle meat and eggs because of the delicious, crust - and in Chinese medicine, the hawksbill turtle protection therefore had great difficulty in 5 in some countries, such as China and Japan, often to hunt the hawksbill turtle, digging their nests to eat its meat and eggs, turtle meat and eggs because of the delicious, crust - and in Chinese medicine, the hawksbill turtle protection therefore had great difficulty in .
currently (2013) of hawksbill turtle is subject to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) of protection, many countries have banned the hunting of sea turtle, hawksbill turtle products is also prohibited for import currently (2013) of hawksbill turtle is subject to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) of protection, many countries have banned the hunting of sea turtle, hawksbill turtle products is also prohibited for import . 6 {N} {N} 6 {N} {N}.
Classification And Naming
Hawksbill initially in 1766 by Carl Linnaeus described as imbricata, followed by the Austrian zoologist Leopold Fei Zi (Leopold) in 1843 and moved to hawksbill turtle (); in 1857, this species is re - described as Junceella imbricata (A.Agassiz, 1857), but this name is now out - of - use the hawksbill classification unit there are two recognized subspecies,imbricata (in 1835), speaking on behalf of the Pacific Ocean in all of the known populations, while the other subspecies name imbricata imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766) are used to indicate the Atlantic waters of the Atlantic Hawksbill turtle population hawksbill classification unit there are two recognized subspecies,imbricata (in 1835), speaking on behalf of the Pacific Ocean in all of the known populations, while the other subspecies name imbricata imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766) are used to indicate the Atlantic waters of the Atlantic Hawksbill turtle population .
is the reason wby the nominate subspecies,Linnaeus originally described is the reason for the species of type specimens from the Atlantic Ocean that is the reason wby the nominate subspecies,Linnaeus originally described is the reason for the species of type specimens from the Atlantic Ocean that . Fei Zi naming the genus name derives from the Greek root (. rho. tau.. epsilon.. m) and (v) |. lamda. or, respectively, both meaning "oar" and "turtle", intended to describe a hawksbill oars like pinnipeds
imbricata epitheton is Latin, meaning "imbricate overlapping of the Law of the People's Republic of China, annotates the hawksbill carapace morphology characteristic of imbricata epitheton is Latin, meaning "imbricate overlapping of the Law of the People's Republic of China, annotates the hawksbill carapace morphology characteristic of . Pacific hawksbill's subspecies name derives from Latin, meaning" double " Pacific hawksbill's subspecies name derives from Latin, meaning" double ".
this subspecies has been described as loggerhead, hawksbill and loggerhead turtles make this became the genus (Caretta caretta loggerhead) in addition to the outer sole species this subspecies has been described as loggerhead, hawksbill and loggerhead turtles make this became the genus (Caretta caretta loggerhead) in addition to the outer sole species .
Feature
hawksbill turtles as other, typical features of turtles, all having a flattened body, a protective carapace, and adapted to pull with the paddle - like flippers hawksbill turtles as other, typical features of turtles, all having a flattened body, a protective carapace, and adapted to pull with the paddle - like flippers . generally mature female snout - vent length (SVL) of from 0.6 to 0.8 m, a length similar to the larger size up to 1 m tall, while the tiger is hit by maximal person of shape may even be up to 1. 7 meters, the average body weight (up to 45 - 80 kg, which once captured the heaviest hawksbill turtle reaches 210 kg
hawksbill turtle has the most obvious characteristic of its hook curved mandibles as sharp as an eagle's beak, which is also one of its common name, "Eretmochelys imbricata" 's raison d' etre hawksbill turtle has the most obvious characteristic of its hook curved mandibles as sharp as an eagle's beak, which is also one of its common name, "Eretmochelys imbricata" 's raison d' etre . hawksbill turtle head is relatively long, on the forehead with 2 deep reddish brown or black scales,nares from mouth close, kisses the adductor and the angle of the flat side, the front end of each of the flippers have claws 2, after the fin 1 has a foot end of each of the claw, the forefoot, being long, the hind feet are small, relatively wide and short, while swimming posture as general hawksbill turtle head is relatively long, on the forehead with 2 deep reddish brown or black scales,nares from mouth close, kisses the adductor and the angle of the flat side, the front end of each of the flippers have claws 2, after the fin 1 has a foot end of each of the claw, the forefoot, being long, the hind feet are small, relatively wide and short, while swimming posture as general .
hawksbill carapace scutes of unusually thick, with the exception of the extremely old tortoise - shell outer body posterior marginal shield are serrated hawksbill carapace scutes of unusually thick, with the exception of the extremely old tortoise - shell outer body posterior marginal shield are serrated . its smooth glossy carapace, plastron is a heart shape when young, mature after longer, keels, hatchlings back 3 of the elongated edges, usually amber, are irregularly a march from the fringe of the cloud, most of the fringe is pale yellow or brownish - black,and from the middle to the edge of the carapace of the radiated its smooth glossy carapace, plastron is a heart shape when young, mature after longer, keels, hatchlings back 3 of the elongated edges, usually amber, are irregularly a march from the fringe of the cloud, most of the fringe is pale yellow or brownish - black,and from the middle to the edge of the carapace of the radiated .
hatchlings from individual differences of the appearance of 5 - month - old hawksbill turtle is observed primarily from hatchlings from individual differences of the appearance of 5 - month - old hawksbill turtle is observed primarily from . It is another feature of this unique turtle, and the shield sheet 5 vertebral ribs 4 on the shield are tightly arranged as a tiled, but elderly hawksbill scutellation of relatively hydrophobic and the laid - flat It is another feature of this unique turtle, and the shield sheet 5 vertebral ribs 4 on the shield are tightly arranged as a tiled, but elderly hawksbill scutellation of relatively hydrophobic and the laid - flat .
vertebral shields and shield rib adding up to 13 pieces of the scutellum formed the carapace of the main body, the common name "Cirrhinus molitorella turtle Thirteen", Thirteen - Point Scale "and" Thirteen leatherbacks' that is based on the characteristics of this naming vertebral shields and shield rib adding up to 13 pieces of the scutellum formed the carapace of the main body, the common name "Cirrhinus molitorella turtle Thirteen", Thirteen - Point Scale "and" Thirteen leatherbacks' that is based on the characteristics of this naming . 2 sheet overlap Pygal scute, the end has a larger gap 2 sheet overlap Pygal scute, the end has a larger gap .
11 on the edge of shield arrangement in the carapaces of both sides of the body, the outer periphery of the rear edge of the shield often overlap, 11 on the edge of shield arrangement in the carapaces of both sides of the body, the outer periphery of the rear edge of the shield often overlap,. exhibits a serrated edge for the hawksbill turtle with a carapace length of up to about 1 meter exhibits a serrated edge for the hawksbill turtle with a carapace length of up to about 1 meter .
abdominal carapace is white or yellow, sometimes with brownish - black spots, with two longitudinal edges, the sheet 13 by abdominal carapace is white or yellow, sometimes with brownish - black spots, with two longitudinal edges, the sheet 13 by . scutes consists of head, tail and four feet can be retracted into the nail, a four - foot flat, front imbricate closely packed in a small black blotch on the back of the white color, are arranged in a sparse black spots; the tail is relatively short, normally hidden within the adult beetle scutes consists of head, tail and four feet can be retracted into the nail, a four - foot flat, front imbricate closely packed in a small black blotch on the back of the white color, are arranged in a sparse black spots; the tail is relatively short, normally hidden within the adult beetle .
hawksbill sexual dimorphism, the males than females in bright colours, while the coarse tail male tortoise plastron is concave, long claws, the tail short carapace and the plastron is flat, there is evidence that short claw hawksbill sexual dimorphism, the males than females in bright colours, while the coarse tail male tortoise plastron is concave, long claws, the tail short carapace and the plastron is flat, there is evidence that short claw ., hawksbill turtle shell after peeling,If the dermis layer of Malpighian cells (cells) from damage, to release it to the sea, the reproducible production of tortoiseshell , hawksbill turtle shell after peeling,If the dermis layer of Malpighian cells (cells) from damage, to release it to the sea, the reproducible production of tortoiseshell .
Pacific hawksbill carapace that is more akin to a heart, a completely continuous ridge rib, head and flippers in front of a black part is pure black; Atlantic hawksbill shield arranged close to the edge of a straight line, only a sharp contraction in the tail, with ridges only in 4 consecutive Shield tail vertebra, the head and flippers in front of the black portion is a shallow black Pacific hawksbill carapace that is more akin to a heart, a completely continuous ridge rib, head and flippers in front of a black part is pure black; Atlantic hawksbill shield arranged close to the edge of a straight line, only a sharp contraction in the tail, with ridges only in 4 consecutive Shield tail vertebra, the head and flippers in front of the black portion is a shallow black . hawksbill turtle on the beach of the footprint is asymmetrical, because they're walking on land when the left front and right rear foot while action, the right front and left hind foot move simultaneously,This green and loggerhead turtles and leatherback turtles symmetrical gait is a completely different hawksbill turtle on the beach of the footprint is asymmetrical, because they're walking on land when the left front and right rear foot while action, the right front and left hind foot move simultaneously,This green and loggerhead turtles and leatherback turtles symmetrical gait is a completely different .
Habitat Environment
Living in southeast Asia and Indian Ocean in the tropical and subtropical oceans Living in southeast Asia and Indian Ocean in the tropical and subtropical oceans . inhabit mainly the coastal reefs, bays, estuaries and lagoons of clear, relatively shallow waters inhabit mainly the coastal reefs, bays, estuaries and lagoons of clear, relatively shallow waters .
nesting usually occur in remote, isolated sandy beaches hawksbill nesting usually occur in remote, isolated sandy beaches hawksbill . generally Haishen 18 2.3 metres above the waters activities, in the course of their lives will be in several different habitat environment completely life
Adult hawksbill mainly in coral reefs in the tropical activity during the day when they will be in the coral reefs of many caves and canyons in and out, while coral reefs in the many caves and ravines give it a place of rest often Adult hawksbill mainly in coral reefs in the tropical activity during the day when they will be in the coral reefs of many caves and canyons in and out, while coral reefs in the many caves and ravines give it a place of rest often . as a migratory migratory sea turtles,habitat is a variety, including a broad ocean, lagoons and even mangrove swamps at the mouth of the as a migratory migratory sea turtles,habitat is a variety, including a broad ocean, lagoons and even mangrove swamps at the mouth of the .
The debate and in early life stages of the juvenile turtle prefers habitats are poorly understood but is assumed to serve them, like the other hatchlings as plankton in the sea and live the life, until adulthood when leaving their home The debate and in early life stages of the juvenile turtle prefers habitats are poorly understood but is assumed to serve them, like the other hatchlings as plankton in the sea and live the life, until adulthood when leaving their home .
Living Habits
hawksbill turtle are among the large, vicious, carnivorous animals, regularly spotted among reefs, feeds mainly on fish, shrimps, crabs and molluscs, and also eat seaweed hawksbill turtle are among the large, vicious, carnivorous animals, regularly spotted among reefs, feeds mainly on fish, shrimps, crabs and molluscs, and also eat seaweed . its activities with strong ability to swim faster for its activities with strong ability to swim faster for .
Hawksbills prefer coral reefs, or shoals of continental shelf covered in brown algae in foraging Hawksbills prefer coral reefs, or shoals of continental shelf covered in brown algae in foraging . While the Hawksbill turtle is omnivorous animals, but most of the main food is sponges While the Hawksbill turtle is omnivorous animals, but most of the main food is sponges .
sponge occupies a Caribbean hawksbill turtle populations as whole of 70 - 95% sponge occupies a Caribbean hawksbill turtle populations as whole of 70 - 95% . hawksbill foraging only a few specific species of sponges, as sponge (I), in particular from the Sponge Stelletta (mesh),Spiral mesh sponge (sponge) and toughness ( hawksbill foraging only a few specific species of sponges, as sponge (I), in particular from the Sponge Stelletta (mesh),Spiral mesh sponge (sponge) and toughness (.
mesh sponge), in addition to a sponge, a sanctuary for the hawksbill turtle foods include seaweed and sea anemones and jellyfish and other Cnidarians mesh sponge), in addition to a sponge, a sanctuary for the hawksbill turtle foods include seaweed and sea anemones and jellyfish and other Cnidarians . also hunting dangerous polyp that resembles a man - of - war () also hunting dangerous polyp that resembles a man - of - war () .
hawksbill turtle hunts its prey on these cnidarians and closed when there is no protective structure of the eye, such as a siphonophore, such a highly toxic animal nematocysts and impervious to have scutes of the hawksbill turtle head, like this hawksbill turtle gets rattled sometimes threatened hawksbill hawksbill turtle hunts its prey on these cnidarians and closed when there is no protective structure of the eye, such as a siphonophore, such a highly toxic animal nematocysts and impervious to have scutes of the hawksbill turtle head, like this hawksbill turtle gets rattled sometimes threatened hawksbill . will also kill and eat shrimps, crabs and shellfish, with their jaws very effectively,may be crunching a crab's shell is extremely hard even thick shells, such as bivalve shellfish will also kill and eat shrimps, crabs and shellfish, with their jaws very effectively,may be crunching a crab's shell is extremely hard even thick shells, such as bivalve shellfish .
hawksbill turtle's mouth is slit in its coral predation of shrimp and squid, convenience is brought to the eagle's beak - like mouth hook song could easily have them out of their prey for hawksbill hawksbill turtle's mouth is slit in its coral predation of shrimp and squid, convenience is brought to the eagle's beak - like mouth hook song could easily have them out of their prey for hawksbill . more adaptable and resistant in their feeding sponge for some of the other organisms that is highly toxic and is often fatal more adaptable and resistant in their feeding sponge for some of the other organisms that is highly toxic and is often fatal .
Furthermore, hawksbill turtle also will choose a few rich siliceous spicules of sponges feed on Furthermore, hawksbill turtle also will choose a few rich siliceous spicules of sponges feed on .
False Identification
hawksbill turtles as hawksbill nails of animals, all captured hawksbill turtles as hawksbill nails of animals, all captured .: in south Taiwan, Fujian coast and Hainan Island, Xisha Islands, : in south Taiwan, Fujian coast and Hainan Island, Xisha Islands, .
a trap on the other hand, it will be hung, boiling with vinegar and pour - on, i.e. be able to slice peeled, removing residual pulp, wash medicine hawksbill cold nature, and tastes sweet and salty. It has the functions of clearing heat, detoxicating, relieving convulsion, panic and the fever, coma and delirium, syncope, seizures, in children, sore carbuncle swollen poison, etc
"Compendium" contains: "Hawksbill, resolving toxin, clearing away heat and relieving uneasiness of body and tops, and rhinoceros horn, ancient prescriptions without, to 'start when Song Zhibao Bolu also for "Compendium" contains: "Hawksbill, resolving toxin, clearing away heat and relieving uneasiness of body and tops, and rhinoceros horn, ancient prescriptions without, to 'start when Song Zhibao Bolu also for ." due to the hawksbill turtle is native to the ocean depths, it is difficult to capture, is a precious medicinal materialSo someone to impersonate turtle carapace scutes of the hawksbill, used to differentiate the difference between " due to the hawksbill turtle is native to the ocean depths, it is difficult to capture, is a precious medicinal materialSo someone to impersonate turtle carapace scutes of the hawksbill, used to differentiate the difference between .
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Authenticity Of Hawksbill Turtle
turtle carapace scutes of the hawksbill pretending to be used to differentiate the difference between the appearance is nearly circular, triangular or polygonal - shaped piece of plate, length is 10 ~ 20 cm and a thickness of 1. 5 ~ 3 mm, and thinner at the edge, the central thickness, showing dark brown surface of the translucent body, and with dark brown and creamy, smooth and shiny; the inner surface of the dense white streaks or spots, and the well - developed network of flutes; and tough, horny, hard to break, fake turtle carapace the scutellum appearance is rectangular, scalloped or irregular shapes and sizes, the length of 8 - 35 cm, width is 9 to 19 cm, the scutellum is large and thin, no slope and parallel to the edges of the embossed layer;the surface of a creamy yellow, with brown or black spots, which has a substantially radial arrangement, generally lower than that of the transparent color is shallow and hawksbill sea turtles and hawksbill turtle is fake turtle carapace the scutellum appearance is rectangular, scalloped or irregular shapes and sizes, the length of 8 - 35 cm, width is 9 to 19 cm, the scutellum is large and thin, no slope and parallel to the edges of the embossed layer;the surface of a creamy yellow, with brown or black spots, which has a substantially radial arrangement, generally lower than that of the transparent color is shallow and hawksbill sea turtles and hawksbill turtle is .
animals in same family, but the "Compendium of Materia Medica" records, hawksbill turtle "viruses, the town of Lahaina, Astonishing acute convulsive diseases when the typhoid heat junction, Munchausen", "Materia Medica" also refers to its" carbuncle poison, stopping seizures", unexpected gust evil, not saving people, that the adoption of the stomach and cold limbs, hawksbill, and pilling; Treating Apoplexy treating variola of black stuck to the hawksbill turtle, the turtle carapace scutes of the hawksbill turtle does not have these effects should not be used in place of tortoiseshell, for fear of taking counterfeit behaviors.I 20 20.
Evolutionary Origin
In all of the turtles, the hawksbill turtle in anatomy and ecological roles on some of the unique features, these features include the Hawksbill turtle is the only known feeds mostly on sponges of the reptiles are unique too In all of the turtles, the hawksbill turtle in anatomy and ecological roles on some of the unique features, these features include the Hawksbill turtle is the only known feeds mostly on sponges of the reptiles are unique too . Since the hawksbill turtle, its evolutionary position is somewhat ambiguous Since the hawksbill turtle, its evolutionary position is somewhat ambiguous .
molecular analysis has supported the hawksbill turtle from meat - eating ancestor but not a herbivore ancestors evolved; and, therefore, the hawksbill is probably carnivorous species such as loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) (Group), evolved, rather than by herbivorous species (such as green turtles are turtles) Family () is an evolution of the molecular analysis has supported the hawksbill turtle from meat - eating ancestor but not a herbivore ancestors evolved; and, therefore, the hawksbill is probably carnivorous species such as loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) (Group), evolved, rather than by herbivorous species (such as green turtles are turtles) Family () is an evolution of the . serological study also shows that,Hawksbill and Loggerhead turtles (loggerhead) and belongs to the genus (Lepidochelys olivacea) is closely related to the genus Chelonia (turtles) near serological study also shows that,Hawksbill and Loggerhead turtles (loggerhead) and belongs to the genus (Lepidochelys olivacea) is closely related to the genus Chelonia (turtles) near .
Distribution
hawksbill turtle is very widely distributed and mainly distributed in the Indian Ocean, the Pacific and Atlantic tropical coral reefs, and the Hawksbill turtle is the most typical of tropical waters known hawksbill turtles hawksbill turtle is very widely distributed and mainly distributed in the Indian Ocean, the Pacific and Atlantic tropical coral reefs, and the Hawksbill turtle is the most typical of tropical waters known hawksbill turtles . There are two major sub - populations, respectively, is a subspecies of the Indo - Pacific and the Atlantic subpopulation There are two major sub - populations, respectively, is a subspecies of the Indo - Pacific and the Atlantic subpopulation .
Pacific hawksbill turtle which are distributed in the Indo - Pacific, the Atlantic hawksbill distributed in Chinese is native to the Atlantic Pacific hawksbill turtle which are distributed in the Indo - Pacific, the Atlantic hawksbill distributed in Chinese is native to the Atlantic . the Xisha Islands, Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong coastland the Xisha Islands, Hainan, Guangdong, Taiwan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong coastland .
Growth And Reproduction
Propagation Manner
female hawksbill every 2 - 3 years once, they will return to the birthplace, in the remote islands on a lagoon in the shadow of the mated the Atlantic hawksbill turtle breeding season is typically 4 - 11 months, while living in the Indian Ocean, such as the Seychelles hawksbill population during its breeding season is from February to 9 February; in the Pacific, the costal city of hawksbill turtle is generally 3 - 4 months, and in Malaysia on the island of the turtles, the hawksbill turtle will take 7 - 10 months female hawksbill every 2 - 3 years once, they will return to the birthplace, in the remote islands on a lagoon in the shadow of the mated the Atlantic hawksbill turtle breeding season is typically 4 - 11 months, while living in the Indian Ocean, such as the Seychelles hawksbill population during its breeding season is from February to 9 February; in the Pacific, the costal city of hawksbill turtle is generally 3 - 4 months, and in Malaysia on the island of the turtles, the hawksbill turtle will take 7 - 10 months . spawning grounds each breeding season females are born together in 3 - 6 eggs every 14 - 16 Nissan spawning grounds each breeding season females are born together in 3 - 6 eggs every 14 - 16 Nissan .
spawn once in a while, on the beach during the day climbing Grilled spawning pockets, pits with a diameter of 20 cm,a depth of about 30 - 60 cm, after spawning, the female turtle with sand with good leveling, and make the camouflage spawn once in a while, on the beach during the day climbing Grilled spawning pockets, pits with a diameter of 20 cm,a depth of about 30 - 60 cm, after spawning, the female turtle with sand with good leveling, and make the camouflage . hawksbill turtle eggs and white globose, leathery shell, having a diameter of about 3 - 4. 5 cm and a weight of 20 - 31. 6 grams
Generally, hawksbill turtle lay eggs once 120 - 130, and the Caribbean and Florida nests of hawksbill each litter usually comprises 140 about the eggs, while others can contain Generally, hawksbill turtle lay eggs once 120 - 130, and the Caribbean and Florida nests of hawksbill each litter usually comprises 140 about the eggs, while others can contain . 250 eggs a few hours after oviposition, the female sea turtle will return to spawn is 250 eggs a few hours after oviposition, the female sea turtle will return to spawn is .
currently known hawksbill sea. The only reason to leave over 2 months, but the eggs which will hatch in one night,And just a shell of hawksbill turtle typically weigh between 8 and 19. 5 g
their appearance was very consistent, the carapace and head and neck top with a tan, head and neck side and an eagle's beak - like mouth is dark gray, the forefoot is grey, whitish on the edge of the rear foot, back foot and both sides of the abdominal carapace is dark grey, whitish towards the rear for two of the ridges, immediately post - their appearance was very consistent, the carapace and head and neck top with a tan, head and neck side and an eagle's beak - like mouth is dark gray, the forefoot is grey, whitish on the edge of the rear foot, back foot and both sides of the abdominal carapace is dark grey, whitish towards the rear for two of the ridges, immediately post - . they will instinctively towards the sea, since they are reflected on the surface of the sea, the moonlight, but this instinctive behavior will be artificially disturbed light source street lamp and the like, in such cases they are disoriented,have resulted in the predawn to reach the sea turtle they will instinctively towards the sea, since they are reflected on the surface of the sea, the moonlight, but this instinctive behavior will be artificially disturbed light source street lamp and the like, in such cases they are disoriented,have resulted in the predawn to reach the sea turtle .
due to dark coloration is highly visible in the daytime, not in those pre - dawn arrival in the sea turtle is a variety of waterfowl and crab predators hunt () and the like, or due to a too dry by dewatering them due to dark coloration is highly visible in the daytime, not in those pre - dawn arrival in the sea turtle is a variety of waterfowl and crab predators hunt () and the like, or due to a too dry by dewatering them .
Growth Process
Early life to date (2013) people still cannot quite understand exactly small tortoiseshell growth via Early life to date (2013) people still cannot quite understand exactly small tortoiseshell growth via . presumably, hawksbill turtle, green turtle, like like in the next stage of their lives within living plankton to - day life, but this process needs time and cannot be determined because of the rate of hawksbill presumably, hawksbill turtle, green turtle, like like in the next stage of their lives within living plankton to - day life, but this process needs time and cannot be determined because of the rate of hawksbill .
although not clear, but when the young hawksbill turtle grows to about 35 cm long, they will end its naval - planktonic living style, and then fixed in a coral reef near coastal life although not clear, but when the young hawksbill turtle grows to about 35 cm long, they will end its naval - planktonic living style, and then fixed in a coral reef near coastal life . adult life hawksbill and takes 20 - 30 years for it to fully mature adult life hawksbill and takes 20 - 30 years for it to fully mature .
hawksbill turtles as other,In the majority of their life, it will always be lonely wandering in a sea, only in a mate, they will gather, past people seldom think of hawksbill turtle migration, it is now known to be a hawksbill turtle is often the migration routes of migrating animals hawksbill turtles as other,In the majority of their life, it will always be lonely wandering in a sea, only in a mate, they will gather, past people seldom think of hawksbill turtle migration, it is now known to be a hawksbill turtle is often the migration routes of migrating animals . although due to the lack of data, the life of the people there is no consensus on the hawksbill turtle, the hawksbill turtle is generally considered wild life great majority is in the range from 50 to 70 years old, while the oldest is said to be 1,500 years old, so the Hawksbill turtle is obtained for the "Millennium" alias although due to the lack of data, the life of the people there is no consensus on the hawksbill turtle, the hawksbill turtle is generally considered wild life great majority is in the range from 50 to 70 years old, while the oldest is said to be 1,500 years old, so the Hawksbill turtle is obtained for the "Millennium" alias .
Present Situation Of Population
One enduring belief about the hawksbill sea turtle species and the like without the threat of annihilation, because their life is very long, slow - growing, long reproductive period, age at maturity, higher fecundity, and hawksbill turtle population in the age hierarchy, and the short - term numbers will not be discovered One enduring belief about the hawksbill sea turtle species and the like without the threat of annihilation, because their life is very long, slow - growing, long reproductive period, age at maturity, higher fecundity, and hawksbill turtle population in the age hierarchy, and the short - term numbers will not be discovered . but actually, the hawksbill turtle breeding, while high, but as with most turtles, the green turtle and the survival rate is quite low but actually, the hawksbill turtle breeding, while high, but as with most turtles, the green turtle and the survival rate is quite low .
many adult turtles are intentional or unintentional killing, turtle - nesting site is also human and animal encroachment many adult turtles are intentional or unintentional killing, turtle - nesting site is also human and animal encroachment . small mammals would attack their nest - eggs, disinterred small mammals would attack their nest - eggs, disinterred .
eaten in the U.S. Virgin Islands, including the hawksbill turtle,leatherback and other turtles nest egg of just after oviposition, the mongoose is attacked, (but), (fiddler), jackals and even livestock will also attacked their nests near the island of Tobago in the history of the hawksbill turtle, the hawksbill turtle was in 1982 by the IUCN as endangered near the island of Tobago in the history of the hawksbill turtle, the hawksbill turtle was in 1982 by the IUCN as endangered .
in this state after the 1986, 1988, 1990 and 1994, several of the evaluation are maintained, and since 1996, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species status upgrade will protect the hawksbill turtle is critically endangered hawksbill turtle named in this state after the 1986, 1988, 1990 and 1994, several of the evaluation are maintained, and since 1996, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species status upgrade will protect the hawksbill turtle is critically endangered hawksbill turtle named . in endangered species when there is an objection,Two petitions claiming that the report of the hawksbill turtle and other three species in the world has more important the stable population, but according to the IUCN Turtle Specialist Group () submitted data analysis has rejected these petitions in endangered species when there is an objection,Two petitions claiming that the report of the hawksbill turtle and other three species in the world has more important the stable population, but according to the IUCN Turtle Specialist Group () submitted data analysis has rejected these petitions .
turtles in the group of experts in data from the hawksbill turtle in the last three generations in the decrease in population has been seen more than 80 per cent, while annual nest spawning of mature females, reflecting a decrease of the ink supply needles 84 to 87%, and in 1996 the population and no significant increase in measured turtles in the group of experts in data from the hawksbill turtle in the last three generations in the decrease in population has been seen more than 80 per cent, while annual nest spawning of mature females, reflecting a decrease of the ink supply needles 84 to 87%, and in 1996 the population and no significant increase in measured . and these data do not provide care in the feeding of the hatchlings, so that the resulting data greatly underestimate the population thus reducing the amount of the and these data do not provide care in the feeding of the hatchlings, so that the resulting data greatly underestimate the population thus reducing the amount of the .
,According to these data, the hawksbill as IUCN status CR A1, but not the CR A2, because the IUCN believe there is not a lot of data to suggest a sanctuary for the hawksbill turtle population in the future will be further reduced by 80% or above ,According to these data, the hawksbill as IUCN status CR A1, but not the CR A2, because the IUCN believe there is not a lot of data to suggest a sanctuary for the hawksbill turtle population in the future will be further reduced by 80% or above . in the late 20th century, governments commit themselves to protect the hawksbill's efforts are increasing as well, the temporary or permanent laws and establish Turtle Nature Reserve, etc in the late 20th century, governments commit themselves to protect the hawksbill's efforts are increasing as well, the temporary or permanent laws and establish Turtle Nature Reserve, etc .
the Fish and Wildlife Service United States Fish and Wildlife Service from 1970 onwards the hawksbill turtle is listed as endangered,America's government is to protect the local populations of hawksbill turtle, also in the implementation of an appropriate recovery plan many times the Fish and Wildlife Service United States Fish and Wildlife Service from 1970 onwards the hawksbill turtle is listed as endangered,America's government is to protect the local populations of hawksbill turtle, also in the implementation of an appropriate recovery plan many times . hawksbill turtle in China had been listed as grade II key state - protected wildlife (tabe 1), in Huizhou, Guangdong Province has been built to protect the hawksbill turtle, green turtle, sea turtles and other species of Huidong Port Turtle Nature Reserve, and by 1988 to 8 November by the fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress adopted the 1989 March 1 implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife " hawksbill turtle in China had been listed as grade II key state - protected wildlife (tabe 1), in Huizhou, Guangdong Province has been built to protect the hawksbill turtle, green turtle, sea turtles and other species of Huidong Port Turtle Nature Reserve, and by 1988 to 8 November by the fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress adopted the 1989 March 1 implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife ".
protection but, although the unlawful killing of tortoiseshell,In the world there are still many people protection but, although the unlawful killing of tortoiseshell,In the world there are still many people . hawksbill turtle fishing in certain areas, the hawksbill turtle is eaten as a delicacy and hawksbill turtle fishing in certain areas, the hawksbill turtle is eaten as a delicacy and .
, for example, as early as the 5th century BC, the hawksbill turtle, Chinese people considered delicacies , for example, as early as the 5th century BC, the hawksbill turtle, Chinese people considered delicacies . since 1994, Japan stopped importing hawksbill shells from Japan had its own unprocessed hawksbill shell trade around the year 30, 000 kilograms since 1994, Japan stopped importing hawksbill shells from Japan had its own unprocessed hawksbill shell trade around the year 30, 000 kilograms .
hawksbill turtle trade by large groups of the raw materials come from the Caribbean hawksbill turtle trade by large groups of the raw materials come from the Caribbean . 2006, there has been a lot of processing tortoise shell was discovered from the region of the Dominican Republic and Colombia national export 2006, there has been a lot of processing tortoise shell was discovered from the region of the Dominican Republic and Colombia national export .
regular 2001 and 2005,The CITES Conference in Cuba had made a second proposal, intended for export inventory and a handful of hawksbill turtle shell, but at the polls, but the narrow failure of the failed, eventually forced to withdraw proposals regular 2001 and 2005,The CITES Conference in Cuba had made a second proposal, intended for export inventory and a handful of hawksbill turtle shell, but at the polls, but the narrow failure of the failed, eventually forced to withdraw proposals . Chinese coastal cities there are still people ignoring legal private sales hawksbill turtle products many of Hainan fishermen see such living turtles will be returned to the sea turtle cove Chinese coastal cities there are still people ignoring legal private sales hawksbill turtle products many of Hainan fishermen see such living turtles will be returned to the sea turtle cove .
especially when such characters are carved on the flute or some unknown character of sea turtles are released, which is based on the special situation of Hainan and custom especially when such characters are carved on the flute or some unknown character of sea turtles are released, which is based on the special situation of Hainan and custom . someone pays a visit to the coastal Hainan much, heard a lot of fishermen talk about the matter, although some of superstition,But there were also many fishermen have laws protect wildlife ideology someone pays a visit to the coastal Hainan much, heard a lot of fishermen talk about the matter, although some of superstition,But there were also many fishermen have laws protect wildlife ideology .
later, heard of the saying of a personage of tortoiseshell was based, wherever they may occur in production and in the political, military, culture, sacrifice, and promises of texts in different languages, different text record later, heard of the saying of a personage of tortoiseshell was based, wherever they may occur in production and in the political, military, culture, sacrifice, and promises of texts in different languages, different text record . such hawksbill has not the relevant picture image record such hawksbill has not the relevant picture image record .
Conservation Status
hawksbill turtles and the entire species are listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendix I, the hawksbill turtle products Import and Export of the People's Republic of China, the killing, hunting or harassment in tortoise shall be illegal behavior hawksbill turtles and the entire species are listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendix I, the hawksbill turtle products Import and Export of the People's Republic of China, the killing, hunting or harassment in tortoise shall be illegal behavior . hawksbill turtle is also listed under the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) of appendix I to the hawksbill turtle is also listed under the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) of appendix I to the .
In the past few years, Governments have to protect the hawksbill's efforts are more and more,As a temporary or permanent laws and establish Turtle Nature Reserve, etc In the past few years, Governments have to protect the hawksbill's efforts are more and more,As a temporary or permanent laws and establish Turtle Nature Reserve, etc . the Fish and Wildlife Service United States Fish and Wildlife Service and National Marine Bureau of the National Marine Fisheries Service) since the 1970 s the hawksbill turtle is listed as endangered, "the U.S. Endangered Species Act protection, while the US government to protect the local population of tortoiseshell,also has been in the implementation of an appropriate recovery plan many times
hawksbill turtle in China had been listed as grade II key state - protected wildlife (tabe 1), in Huizhou, Guangdong Province has been built to protect the hawksbill turtle, green turtle, sea turtles and other species of Huidong Port Turtle Nature Reserve, and by 1988 to 8 November by the fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress adopted the 1989 March 1 implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife " hawksbill turtle in China had been listed as grade II key state - protected wildlife (tabe 1), in Huizhou, Guangdong Province has been built to protect the hawksbill turtle, green turtle, sea turtles and other species of Huidong Port Turtle Nature Reserve, and by 1988 to 8 November by the fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress adopted the 1989 March 1 implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife ". protection but, although the unlawful killing of hawksbill turtle in the world, and many people still protection but, although the unlawful killing of hawksbill turtle in the world, and many people still .
hawksbill turtle fishing in certain areas,Hawksbills are eaten as a delicacy and hawksbill turtle fishing in certain areas,Hawksbills are eaten as a delicacy and ., for example, as early as the 5th century BC, the hawksbill turtle, Chinese people considered delicacies , for example, as early as the 5th century BC, the hawksbill turtle, Chinese people considered delicacies .
since 1994, Japan stopped importing hawksbill shells from Japan had its own unprocessed hawksbill shell trade around the year 30, 000 kilograms since 1994, Japan stopped importing hawksbill shells from Japan had its own unprocessed hawksbill shell trade around the year 30, 000 kilograms . hawksbill turtle trade by large groups of the raw materials come from the Caribbean hawksbill turtle trade by large groups of the raw materials come from the Caribbean .
2006, there has been a lot of processing tortoise shell was discovered from the region of the Dominican Republic and Colombia national export 2006, there has been a lot of processing tortoise shell was discovered from the region of the Dominican Republic and Colombia national export . regular 2001 and 2005, Cuba at the CITES Conference had twice submitted proposals,intended outlet inventory and a handful of hawksbill turtle shell, but at the polls, but the narrow failure of the failed, eventually forced to withdraw proposals 13 regular 2001 and 2005, Cuba at the CITES Conference had twice submitted proposals,intended outlet inventory and a handful of hawksbill turtle shell, but at the polls, but the narrow failure of the failed, eventually forced to withdraw proposals 13 .
now FROM HAINAN PROVINCE, there are still people ignoring legal private sales articles 14 hawksbill turtle, the hawksbill turtle which increase the difficulty of now FROM HAINAN PROVINCE, there are still people ignoring legal private sales articles 14 hawksbill turtle, the hawksbill turtle which increase the difficulty of .
Feeding
Environment And Feed
hawksbill turtle breeding pool is selected in such a way that is quiet, convenient, well ventilated and well lit, where shading is with Summer, winter. the use of a conical plastic tank top of a circular pool, and it is convenient for manual operation of the power supply and drainage, etc. are treated with hawksbill turtle feeding a mix, in addition to a sponge and fish will also eat fruit, leaves, twigs, dead bark and the like, and with age, diet, may become more complex hawksbill turtle feeding a mix, in addition to a sponge and fish will also eat fruit, leaves, twigs, dead bark and the like, and with age, diet, may become more complex .
hawksbill turtle breeding with fresh fish, shrimp, mollusks, kelp, seaweed and fish, but tortoiseshell Though omnivorous, but will also often antifeedant some food, possibly because the food not to his liking,or does not fit in with the ambient temperature, for approximately a week after this situation would not be expected, because they can adapt to the environment as well as hawksbill turtle breeding with fresh fish, shrimp, mollusks, kelp, seaweed and fish, but tortoiseshell Though omnivorous, but will also often antifeedant some food, possibly because the food not to his liking,or does not fit in with the ambient temperature, for approximately a week after this situation would not be expected, because they can adapt to the environment as well as .
Subspecies Differentiation
Pacific Hawksbill Turtle Subspecies
(imbricata) this subspecies has a tortoise shell, typically will be in the heart, head and limbs of the back portion is nearly black (imbricata) this subspecies has a tortoise shell, typically will be in the heart, head and limbs of the back portion is nearly black . Reunion Island near the hawksbill turtle, the outer periphery of the rear of the saw - tooth - like marginal obvious Reunion Island near the hawksbill turtle, the outer periphery of the rear of the saw - tooth - like marginal obvious .
Pacific hawksbill turtle populations are scattered throughout the Indian Ocean Pacific Pacific hawksbill turtle populations are scattered throughout the Indian Ocean Pacific . in the Indian Ocean, the Hawksbill turtle is the continent's east coast, Madagascar and nearby islands in the waters around a group of turtles are common; in the Indian Ocean in the distribution area extends all the way to the coast of Asia, including the Persian Gulf and Red Sea, along the entire coastline of the Indian subcontinent,Indonesia archipelago and Australia's northwest coast in the Pacific hawksbill in the Indian Ocean, the Hawksbill turtle is the continent's east coast, Madagascar and nearby islands in the waters around a group of turtles are common; in the Indian Ocean in the distribution area extends all the way to the coast of Asia, including the Persian Gulf and Red Sea, along the entire coastline of the Indian subcontinent,Indonesia archipelago and Australia's northwest coast in the Pacific hawksbill .
while in district basically confined to tropical and subtropical area, Northernmost distribution boundary of the Korean peninsula and Japanese archipelago in the southwestern end of the waters; the area also includes the entire region of Southeast Asia, Australia and many other large northern coast, and southward to reach the most southern area along the northern coast of New Zealand while in district basically confined to tropical and subtropical area, Northernmost distribution boundary of the Korean peninsula and Japanese archipelago in the southwestern end of the waters; the area also includes the entire region of Southeast Asia, Australia and many other large northern coast, and southward to reach the most southern area along the northern coast of New Zealand . distribution across the Pacific to the east of the Pacific Ocean, including Mexico's Baja California peninsula is bounded on the north and the south of Chile's northern end between the coastal areas of Central and South America, but Mexico's Pacific coast, has been extremely rare hawksbill distribution across the Pacific to the east of the Pacific Ocean, including Mexico's Baja California peninsula is bounded on the north and the south of Chile's northern end between the coastal areas of Central and South America, but Mexico's Pacific coast, has been extremely rare hawksbill .
in the Philippine Islands,There are multiple known hawksbill nesting site, Boracay (hormonal) were discovered in some newly hatched baby turtle in the Philippine Islands,There are multiple known hawksbill nesting site, Boracay (hormonal) were discovered in some newly hatched baby turtle . Philippine Islands southwest of a small island of the group, which has been named the "Turtle Islands" because the island is hawksbill and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) of nesting spots for the Philippine Islands southwest of a small island of the group, which has been named the "Turtle Islands" because the island is hawksbill and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) of nesting spots for the .
In Australia, the hawksbill turtle in the Great Barrier Reef, a native of the Isle of Man) and nest on Milman Islet ( In Australia, the hawksbill turtle in the Great Barrier Reef, a native of the Isle of Man) and nest on Milman Islet (. in the Indian Ocean, the hawksbill turtle nests reached as far west as the Seychelles cousins island (Island),local from 1994 on legislation to protect the species by in the Indian Ocean, the hawksbill turtle nests reached as far west as the Seychelles cousins island (Island),local from 1994 on legislation to protect the species by .
Seychelles domestic large and small islands, such as Aldabra, are both excellent young hawksbill turtle feeding grounds Seychelles domestic large and small islands, such as Aldabra, are both excellent young hawksbill turtle feeding grounds .
Atlantic Hawksbill Turtle Subspecies
(The subspecies imbricata imbricata) shell edge relatively straight, the rear end of the narrow tip, and the back of the head and limbs black (The subspecies imbricata imbricata) shell edge relatively straight, the rear end of the narrow tip, and the back of the head and limbs black . was less in the Netherlands Antilles island of Saba in Atlantic hawksbill turtle, the hawksbill turtle area to the west to the Gulf of Mexico, east to the southern tip of the continent, north to the northern United States borders along the Long Island Sound; the east of the Atlantic, hawksbill turtle had haunted the English Channel in the frigid waters, the hawksbill's appearance, by far the most northerly, while a sanctuary for the hawksbill turtle distributional area may extend to the Cape of Good Hope South Africa was less in the Netherlands Antilles island of Saba in Atlantic hawksbill turtle, the hawksbill turtle area to the west to the Gulf of Mexico, east to the southern tip of the continent, north to the northern United States borders along the Long Island Sound; the east of the Atlantic, hawksbill turtle had haunted the English Channel in the frigid waters, the hawksbill's appearance, by far the most northerly, while a sanctuary for the hawksbill turtle distributional area may extend to the Cape of Good Hope South Africa .
in the Caribbean, off the Brazilian coast (specifically Bahia) is a coastal,Southern Florida and Hawaii in lives of a handful of Hawksbill, while on the beach in Antigua Hawksbills also had appeared in Costa Rica, which is also a sanctuary for the hawksbill turtle nests, mainly in Tortuguero, near the island of Cuba and Puerto Rico, Mona Island (Isla de Mona and the surrounding waters of the Caribbean hawksbill turtle populations are feeding grounds for hawksbill turtles although in the Caribbean, off the Brazilian coast (specifically Bahia) is a coastal,Southern Florida and Hawaii in lives of a handful of Hawksbill, while on the beach in Antigua Hawksbills also had appeared in Costa Rica, which is also a sanctuary for the hawksbill turtle nests, mainly in Tortuguero, near the island of Cuba and Puerto Rico, Mona Island (Isla de Mona and the surrounding waters of the Caribbean hawksbill turtle populations are feeding grounds for hawksbill turtles although . are tropical, but in the United States in the high latitudes of the Long Island Sound and Massachusetts also have tortoiseshell appear; Virginia coastal waters also have tortoiseshell life are tropical, but in the United States in the high latitudes of the Long Island Sound and Massachusetts also have tortoiseshell appear; Virginia coastal waters also have tortoiseshell life .
Cultural Significance
Process
Hawksbill turtle is also a kind of organic gemstone, especially the hawksbill turtle, which is made amorphous, slightly transparent to translucent, waxy to oily luster Hawksbill turtle is also a kind of organic gemstone, especially the hawksbill turtle, which is made amorphous, slightly transparent to translucent, waxy to oily luster . hawksbill turtle can be used for manufacturing rings, bracelets, hairpins, ("chai"), comb (comb), a fan box, spectacle frames, small parts of musical instruments, precision instruments and the comb teeth of the scraping plate, 16 but also of False Fingernails for the Guzheng and Pipa of ancient Korea picks and also by the hawksbill turtle, which at the same time - of - pearl sheet is also one of the materials,have a unique verve and the lustre hawksbill turtle can be used for manufacturing rings, bracelets, hairpins, ("chai"), comb (comb), a fan box, spectacle frames, small parts of musical instruments, precision instruments and the comb teeth of the scraping plate, 16 but also of False Fingernails for the Guzheng and Pipa of ancient Korea picks and also by the hawksbill turtle, which at the same time - of - pearl sheet is also one of the materials,have a unique verve and the lustre .
hawksbill poems in classical Chinese poems often appears in imagery of the hawksbill poems in classical Chinese poems often appears in imagery of the . Han Poectry "Peacock Flies towards Southeast" ("Poems for the Jiao Zhongqing wife as") in on lanzhi appearance of an excellent job" at the feet of silk, head light tortoiseshell "is about the farewell scene, Po Qin" poems in "How to Console Departing? hawksbill behind - the - ear" flowers, "Chai" is a homophone for the removal, separation, and Italian, while Li Bai also wrote that "too often solitary hawksbill turtle" Han Poectry "Peacock Flies towards Southeast" ("Poems for the Jiao Zhongqing wife as") in on lanzhi appearance of an excellent job" at the feet of silk, head light tortoiseshell "is about the farewell scene, Po Qin" poems in "How to Console Departing? hawksbill behind - the - ear" flowers, "Chai" is a homophone for the removal, separation, and Italian, while Li Bai also wrote that "too often solitary hawksbill turtle" .
Decoration
American in Worcester, Massachusetts, also is a very lovely called Burnside's fountain sculpture, depicting the boy fondly is riding on the back of a large hawksbill turtle on credentials with a sculpture of "Turtle Boy" (the nickname Turtle Boy American in Worcester, Massachusetts, also is a very lovely called Burnside's fountain sculpture, depicting the boy fondly is riding on the back of a large hawksbill turtle on credentials with a sculpture of "Turtle Boy" (the nickname Turtle Boy . this statue as the statue of the mermaid of Copenhagen and Brussels less than even the bronze statue, has become the iconic symbol of Worcester this statue as the statue of the mermaid of Copenhagen and Brussels less than even the bronze statue, has become the iconic symbol of Worcester .
also held local to the statue of music contest named "Turtle Boy Music Awards," The Turtle Boy Music Award),while some of the children involved with the statue's story is also written by also held local to the statue of music contest named "Turtle Boy Music Awards," The Turtle Boy Music Award),while some of the children involved with the statue's story is also written by .
Medicinal Value
Source:
hawksbill turtle species belong to the back of the nail in all seasons hawksbill turtle species belong to the back of the nail in all seasons . .
may capture the hawksbill turtle hung upside down, with a splash of vinegar and boiling, i.e. by its nail sheet is peeled off, to remove residual meat, washing, i.e.
Main Localities:
Agriculture is based on the Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan Island, Xisha Islands etc.
Acquisition:
. could be captured all the year round; on the other hand, it will be hung, boiling with vinegar and pour - on, i.e. a sheet by peeling, removing residual pulp, washing
Processing:
to brush dirt, uses warm water macerate, shredding or grinding to brush dirt, uses warm water macerate, shredding or grinding .
Ingredients:
It is nearly circular, triangular or polygonal - shaped piece of plate, length is 10 ~ 20 cm and a thickness of 1. 5 ~ 3 mm thinner at the edge, the central thickness of the translucent body showing dark brown surface thinner at the edge, the central thickness of the translucent body showing dark brown surface .
. There are dark brown and cream colours and patterns, and smooth shiny; the inner surface of the dense white streaks or spots, and is crisscrossed by There are dark brown and cream colours and patterns, and smooth shiny; the inner surface of the dense white streaks or spots, and is crisscrossed by .
groove and tough, not easy to be broken, the horn section, no gas groove and tough, not easy to be broken, the horn section, no gas . to sheet thickness, pattern clear, translucent to to sheet thickness, pattern clear, translucent to .
smell: (a), of the Gan, cold, non - toxic and smell: (a), of the Gan, cold, non - toxic and .
Indications:
1. resolvent viruses which use raw hawksbill, green horns each mill juice, and, taking the semi - synthesis of P. 0 wornily
. To be taken three times a day in a smallpox epidemic when it is taken, it did not eliminate, the disease has been made in the control group. The depression (variola black heart blood coagulation)
: it uses the hawksbill turtle, rhino horn, with a mill juice Minamata, adding pig blood, lithospermum decoction, the decoction is taken and absorbed : it uses the hawksbill turtle, rhino horn, with a mill juice Minamata, adding pig blood, lithospermum decoction, the decoction is taken and absorbed . 3. Qin Mu wind tears (heart) with heat - induced kidney deficiency hawksbill and green, each of the two, swallows a stone, and grinding the mixture to powder, every take a money mint soup get under skin once a day
. 4. Usage and dosage: 1 ~ 3
more money into pill, powder for more money into pill, powder for .
Efficacy:
heat - clearing, detoxifying, relieving convulsion and heat - clearing, detoxifying, relieving convulsion and .
Usage And Dosage:
Oral: fries the soup or juice, 1 ~ 2 money; or into pill, powder and Oral: fries the soup or juice, 1 ~ 2 money; or into pill, powder and .
The Ancient Books:
1. "Food Materia Medica" records: "heal mind, Jie Fanre " 2. "Materia Medica" records: "Breaking the knot, the eliminating carbuncle poison, arresting convulsion seizures
" 3. "Outline": "a pox virus, and the town of Lahaina, Astonishing acute convulsive diseases when the typhoid heat junction, the ravings "".
