Etiology
1, family history of the vast majority of epidemiological studies suggest that family history of the disease and the risk factors of 1, family history of the vast majority of epidemiological studies suggest that family history of the disease and the risk factors of . some family members of patients among the members of the same diseases than those of the general population and that of Down Syndrome risk increased some family members of patients among the members of the same diseases than those of the general population and that of Down Syndrome risk increased .
future genetic studies confirmed that there would appear to be an autosomal dominant genetic future genetic studies confirmed that there would appear to be an autosomal dominant genetic . 1 Down's Syndrome (DS) there is a disease - like pathological changes, such as DS lived to be adults and the occurrence probability is approximately 100%, it is known that the DS of the pathogenic gene located on chromosome 21, is the cause of the disease genetics research interest 1 Down's Syndrome (DS) there is a disease - like pathological changes, such as DS lived to be adults and the occurrence probability is approximately 100%, it is known that the DS of the pathogenic gene located on chromosome 21, is the cause of the disease genetics research interest .
but the disease genetics research is very difficult,Most researchers found that the effect of family members of people who get the disease than the general population risk is higher by a factor of about 3 to 4 times with but the disease genetics research is very difficult,Most researchers found that the effect of family members of people who get the disease than the general population risk is higher by a factor of about 3 to 4 times with . AD related to the genetic locus for: early - onset AD loci respectively located 2l, 14, No. 1 chromosome
corresponding likely is caused by mutation of APP, S182 and STM - 2 gene in late - onset AD corresponding likely is caused by mutation of APP, S182 and STM - 2 gene in late - onset AD . loci located in chromosome 19, potential pathogenic gene for apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene loci located in chromosome 19, potential pathogenic gene for apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene .
2 2, somatic diseases such as thyroid disease, immune system diseases, epilepsy, etc., and as the disease risk factors study have hypothyroidism patients,relatively high risk of suffering the disease have hypothyroidism patients,relatively high risk of suffering the disease .
before the attack with history of seizures are many before the attack with history of seizures are many . migraine or severe headache history with many migraine or severe headache history with many .
independent study found that depression, particularly geriatric depressive history are the risk factors of independent study found that depression, particularly geriatric depressive history are the risk factors of . recent case - control study found that, with the exception of depression, and other functional disorders such as schizophrenia and paranoid psychosis, which is also relevant to the recent case - control study found that, with the exception of depression, and other functional disorders such as schizophrenia and paranoid psychosis, which is also relevant to the .
once as disease risk factors study of chemicals that are heavy metal salts, organic solvents, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, etc once as disease risk factors study of chemicals that are heavy metal salts, organic solvents, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, etc . aluminum role has remained a cause for concern, because animals have shown that aluminum salts have effects on learning and memory;Epidemiological studies suggest that the prevalence of dementia and is associated with the content of aluminium in drinking watsr for aluminum role has remained a cause for concern, because animals have shown that aluminum salts have effects on learning and memory;Epidemiological studies suggest that the prevalence of dementia and is associated with the content of aluminium in drinking watsr for .
possibly due to the aluminum or silicon family history such as neurotoxin accumulation in the body, accelerates the aging process possibly due to the aluminum or silicon family history such as neurotoxin accumulation in the body, accelerates the aging process . 3, head trauma and head trauma refers to those with impaired consciousness of head trauma, traumatic brain injury as a disease risk factors have been 3, head trauma and head trauma refers to those with impaired consciousness of head trauma, traumatic brain injury as a disease risk factors have been .
clinical and epidemiological studies in severe brain trauma may play a key role in the etiopathogenesis of the certain one of the clinical and epidemiological studies in severe brain trauma may play a key role in the etiopathogenesis of the certain one of the . 4, other progressive failure of the immune system, weakening the body's detoxification function and the infection and the like, and the widowed and living alone, economic difficulty, jolting, and social psychological factors of drivers can become the inducement 4, other progressive failure of the immune system, weakening the body's detoxification function and the infection and the like, and the widowed and living alone, economic difficulty, jolting, and social psychological factors of drivers can become the inducement .
Check
1, test 1) Mini - mental State Examination (MMSE): content is succinct, the measurement time is short, easy - to - be elderly recipients, are currently on clinical disease were examined by the intelligent impairment the most common scale 1, test 1) Mini - mental State Examination (MMSE): content is succinct, the measurement time is short, easy - to - be elderly recipients, are currently on clinical disease were examined by the intelligent impairment the most common scale . 2) Evaluation of ability of daily living: Evaluation of ability of daily living (ADL) scale can be used in the daily life function damage degree 2) Evaluation of ability of daily living: Evaluation of ability of daily living (ADL) scale can be used in the daily life function damage degree .
4 3) behavioral and psychiatric symptoms (BPSD), The Evaluation of pathological behavior, including Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE - AD),(NPI neuropsychiatric symptom questionnaire (PSQ) and the Cohen - Mansfield agitation inventory (CMAI) and the like, often needed insider information provided by the baseline evaluation, not only the presence or absence of appearance of the symptoms, it is also possible to evaluate the frequency of symptoms, severity, and caregiver burden, repeated assessment could also be monitored during treatment to 4 3) behavioral and psychiatric symptoms (BPSD), The Evaluation of pathological behavior, including Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE - AD),(NPI neuropsychiatric symptom questionnaire (PSQ) and the Cohen - Mansfield agitation inventory (CMAI) and the like, often needed insider information provided by the baseline evaluation, not only the presence or absence of appearance of the symptoms, it is also possible to evaluate the frequency of symptoms, severity, and caregiver burden, repeated assessment could also be monitored during treatment to . 2, hematology were mainly used for discovering the presence of concomitant diseases or complications, to discover the potential hazardous factors, and to exclude other causes of dementia include 2, hematology were mainly used for discovering the presence of concomitant diseases or complications, to discover the potential hazardous factors, and to exclude other causes of dementia include .
, blood glucose, serum electrolytes including serum calcium, renal and liver function, vitamin B12 and folate levels,thyroxine index , blood glucose, serum electrolytes including serum calcium, renal and liver function, vitamin B12 and folate levels,thyroxine index . Those patients have clinical symptoms or prompting the crowd to be syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus, Borrelia burgdorferi, serology, Those patients have clinical symptoms or prompting the crowd to be syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus, Borrelia burgdorferi, serology, .
3, neuroimaging 1) Structural imaging: potential for the exclusion of other diseases and found that the specificity of AD imaging 3, neuroimaging 1) Structural imaging: potential for the exclusion of other diseases and found that the specificity of AD imaging . 5 head (2) CT thin layer scan) and coronal (MRI) examination, which can display brain cortical volume significantly, especially in the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe, supporting the clinical diagnosis of AD 5 head (2) CT thin layer scan) and coronal (MRI) examination, which can display brain cortical volume significantly, especially in the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe, supporting the clinical diagnosis of AD .
compared to CT, and MRI detection of subcortical vascular changes in infarct (e.g. key) and suggests specific diseases: multiple sclerosis,Progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, corticobasal degeneration, prion disease, frontotemporal dementia, etc.) are more sensitive to 3) functional neuroimaging such as positron emission (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can improve the reliabilities in the dignosis 3) functional neuroimaging such as positron emission (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can improve the reliabilities in the dignosis .
4) 18F - deoxy glucose positron emission (FDG - PET) may be displayed on the temporal - parietal and temporal / posterior temporal regions, posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus glucose metabolism decrease,reveal the specificity of AD abnormal changes in the late stage of AD 4) 18F - deoxy glucose positron emission (FDG - PET) may be displayed on the temporal - parietal and temporal / posterior temporal regions, posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus glucose metabolism decrease,reveal the specificity of AD abnormal changes in the late stage of AD . visible frontal hypometabolism visible frontal hypometabolism .
18FDG - PET in AD pathology diagnostic sensitivity 93%, specificity was 63%, has become a practical tool, especially for AD and other dementia diagnosis 18FDG - PET in AD pathology diagnostic sensitivity 93%, specificity was 63%, has become a practical tool, especially for AD and other dementia diagnosis . 5) amyloid PET imaging is a very promising technique, but for the present time, conventional application 5) amyloid PET imaging is a very promising technique, but for the present time, conventional application .
4, electroencephalogram (EEG) manifestations of AD is the reduced EEG alpha waves, theta waves, which average a reduction in the frequency characteristic but 4, electroencephalogram (EEG) manifestations of AD is the reduced EEG alpha waves, theta waves, which average a reduction in the frequency characteristic but . 14% of patients with early stage disease with normal EEG, EEG 14% of patients with early stage disease with normal EEG, EEG .
for differential diagnosis of AD,prion protein may provide early evidence of disease, or may point to the presence of toxic - metabolic abnormalities, transient epileptic amnesia or other epilepsy disease for differential diagnosis of AD,prion protein may provide early evidence of disease, or may point to the presence of toxic - metabolic abnormalities, transient epileptic amnesia or other epilepsy disease . 5, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Cerebrospinal fluid cell count, protein, glucose and protein electrophoresis: vasculitis, or demyelinating disease suspected to be suffering from infection should be detected 5, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Cerebrospinal fluid cell count, protein, glucose and protein electrophoresis: vasculitis, or demyelinating disease suspected to be suffering from infection should be detected .
rapidly progressive dementia is indicated in patients with 14 - 3 - 3 proteins may be helpful in the diagnosis of prion disease rapidly progressive dementia is indicated in patients with 14 - 3 - 3 proteins may be helpful in the diagnosis of prion disease . cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) beta amyloid protein, tau protein detection: AD patients in CSF amyloid beta protein (Abeta (42) is reduced and the level of A beta 42 in the brain, CSF Abeta 42 so that the content is decreased),The total protein or phosphorylated Tau Tau protein on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) beta amyloid protein, tau protein detection: AD patients in CSF amyloid beta protein (Abeta (42) is reduced and the level of A beta 42 in the brain, CSF Abeta 42 so that the content is decreased),The total protein or phosphorylated Tau Tau protein on .
study showed that the A - beta 42 diagnostic sensitivity of 86%, specificity 90%;total Tau protein in the diagnosis of sensitivity, 81%, specificity 90%;The levels of phosphorylated Tau protein in the diagnosis of the 80% sensitivity and specificity of 92%;A beta 42 protein and total Tau in diagnosis of AD as compared to control of the sensitivity up to 85% ~ 94% and specificity of 83% ~ 100%) study showed that the A - beta 42 diagnostic sensitivity of 86%, specificity 90%;total Tau protein in the diagnosis of sensitivity, 81%, specificity 90%;The levels of phosphorylated Tau protein in the diagnosis of the 80% sensitivity and specificity of 92%;A beta 42 protein and total Tau in diagnosis of AD as compared to control of the sensitivity up to 85% ~ 94% and specificity of 83% ~ 100%) . these markers can be used to support the diagnosis of AD, AD and other dementias, but with the diagnostic specificity is low (39% ~ 90%) these markers can be used to support the diagnosis of AD, AD and other dementias, but with the diagnostic specificity is low (39% ~ 90%) .
currently lacks a unified detection and sample processing method currently lacks a unified detection and sample processing method . 6, genetic testing can offer a reference 6, genetic testing can offer a reference .
amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1, and 2 (PS1 gene,PS2) mutation in familial early onset AD, which accounts for 50% amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1, and 2 (PS1 gene,PS2) mutation in familial early onset AD, which accounts for 50% . apolipoprotein APOE4 gene can be detected as a reference for apolipoprotein APOE4 gene can be detected as a reference for .
sporadic AD.
The Differential Diagnosis
The core diagnostic criteria: 1, with an early and significant episodic memory disorder, comprising the following features 1) patient or person v. More than 6 months of slowly progressive decline of 6 2) test found with severe impairment of episodic memories; our objective evidence: main memories is impaired, by suggestion or recognition test may not significantly improve or become normal 6 2) test found with severe impairment of episodic memories; our objective evidence: main memories is impaired, by suggestion or recognition test may not significantly improve or become normal .
3) in AD pathogenesis or progression of AD, the episodic memory impairment and other cognitive functions may be independent or related change 3) in AD pathogenesis or progression of AD, the episodic memory impairment and other cognitive functions may be independent or related change . supportive features: 2 middle temporal atrophy using visual qualitative assessment score (with reference to specific populations of age norms),or region of interest carry out quantitative determination of the volume (with reference to specific populations of age norms), magnetic resonance displays of hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, the amygdala, which reduce its size.It is
3, abnormal cerebrospinal fluid biomarker beta amyloid 1 - 42 (Abeta 1 - 42) concentration, total Tau protein concentration, or the phosphorylation of Tau protein concentration, or a combination of the three future 3, abnormal cerebrospinal fluid biomarker beta amyloid 1 - 42 (Abeta 1 - 42) concentration, total Tau protein concentration, or the phosphorylation of Tau protein concentration, or a combination of the three future . discovered and validated biomarkers discovered and validated biomarkers .
4, PET imaging of specific functional neuroimaging) 1, temporal, parietal glucose metabolism and reduce other validated 4, PET imaging of specific functional neuroimaging) 1, temporal, parietal glucose metabolism and reduce other validated . 2) of the ligand,including the Pittsburgh compound B or 1 - methyl) - amino - 2 - naphthyl} ethylidene - malononitrile (18F - FDDNP) 2) of the ligand,including the Pittsburgh compound B or 1 - methyl) - amino - 2 - naphthyl} ethylidene - malononitrile (18F - FDDNP) .
5, are clearly related to AD autosomal dominant mutation 5, are clearly related to AD autosomal dominant mutation . history: sudden onset;Early the following symptoms: gait disturbances, seizures, behavioral alterations history: sudden onset;Early the following symptoms: gait disturbances, seizures, behavioral alterations .
clinical manifestations: Focal neurological features including hemiparesis, sensory loss, visual field defect; clinical manifestations: Focal neurological features including hemiparesis, sensory loss, visual field defect;. early extrapyramidal symptoms other internal diseases, severe enough to cause the memory, and associated symptoms: non - AD dementia, major depression, cerebrovascular disease, poisoning and metabolic abnormalities, these also require special check early extrapyramidal symptoms other internal diseases, severe enough to cause the memory, and associated symptoms: non - AD dementia, major depression, cerebrovascular disease, poisoning and metabolic abnormalities, these also require special check .
with infectious or vascular injury consistent with the middle temporal gyrus of MRI FLAIR or T2 signal abnormalities with infectious or vascular injury consistent with the middle temporal gyrus of MRI FLAIR or T2 signal abnormalities .
Details Of Treatment
General Treatment
AD patients often accompanied by physical disease, but may occur in the course of the new function impaired cognitive damage and psychiatric symptoms, related to psychiatric disorders, medical disciplines multidisciplinary therapy AD patients often accompanied by physical disease, but may occur in the course of the new function impaired cognitive damage and psychiatric symptoms, related to psychiatric disorders, medical disciplines multidisciplinary therapy . should be careful, regular observation of the patient, have hallucinations, delusions and other dangerous behavior, the patients should be hospitalized, the disabled and terminally ill patients should be advised to note the relevant hospitals, at the same time, to their families to popularize safety knowledge and nursing should be accompanied by restrictions on travel or should be careful, regular observation of the patient, have hallucinations, delusions and other dangerous behavior, the patients should be hospitalized, the disabled and terminally ill patients should be advised to note the relevant hospitals, at the same time, to their families to popularize safety knowledge and nursing should be accompanied by restrictions on travel or .
out out . your diet is rich in lecithin, vitamin A, vitamin E, zinc, selenium and other trace elements of things, the release limits of intake for your diet is rich in lecithin, vitamin A, vitamin E, zinc, selenium and other trace elements of things, the release limits of intake for .
Drug Treatment
1, 1) related to the manufacture of a medicament for the inhibition of neurotransmitter - cholinergic Drugs: Modern medical researching con - sidered that the central cholinergic system in learning and memory is closely related, to promote the learning and memory of the acetylcholine neurotransmitter 1, 1) related to the manufacture of a medicament for the inhibition of neurotransmitter - cholinergic Drugs: Modern medical researching con - sidered that the central cholinergic system in learning and memory is closely related, to promote the learning and memory of the acetylcholine neurotransmitter . M cholinergic synapses as a memory - based M cholinergic synapses as a memory - based .
cholinergic degeneration of neurons is thought to be the important pathologic factors could be responsible for the cholinergic degeneration of neurons is thought to be the important pathologic factors could be responsible for the . cholinesterase inhibitors: AD therapy is the most used in, the oldest in the class of drugs cholinesterase inhibitors: AD therapy is the most used in, the oldest in the class of drugs .
usually mild to moderate AD patients without, therefore its effectiveness depend on the extent of intact neurons choline usually mild to moderate AD patients without, therefore its effectiveness depend on the extent of intact neurons choline . 2) non - cholinergic drugs: in the elderly brain function decline and also of other neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine,dopamine, serotonin, gamma - aminobutyric acid (GABA), neuropeptide, etc 2) non - cholinergic drugs: in the elderly brain function decline and also of other neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine,dopamine, serotonin, gamma - aminobutyric acid (GABA), neuropeptide, etc .
such an imbalance of the drug selegiline, linopirdine, etc such an imbalance of the drug selegiline, linopirdine, etc . 2, brain cell metabolic activator drug mechanism of action is: 1) enhancing neurotransmitter;2) adjusting the ion flux, increase in calcification, sodium out of the neurons within the flow, reduce the efflux of potassium;3) The influence of carrier - mediated ion transport 2, brain cell metabolic activator drug mechanism of action is: 1) enhancing neurotransmitter;2) adjusting the ion flux, increase in calcification, sodium out of the neurons within the flow, reduce the efflux of potassium;3) The influence of carrier - mediated ion transport .
3, blood circulation promoters in brain tissue of oxygen and energy demand without functional reserve 3, blood circulation promoters in brain tissue of oxygen and energy demand without functional reserve . have the study, with AD is closely related to arterial thrombosis, atherosclerosis is the sickest patients, suffering from AD and age on predicting theprobabilities of have the study, with AD is closely related to arterial thrombosis, atherosclerosis is the sickest patients, suffering from AD and age on predicting theprobabilities of .
at the same time, the AD patient developed atherosclerosis of proportion which is far above the normal at the same time, the AD patient developed atherosclerosis of proportion which is far above the normal . 1) ergot derivative: the group: direct acting DA and 5 - HT receptor, decrease cerebrovascular resistance, enhance pre - synaptic neurotransmitter release and postsynaptic receptor stimulation, improving the synaptic neurotransmission dysfunction 1) ergot derivative: the group: direct acting DA and 5 - HT receptor, decrease cerebrovascular resistance, enhance pre - synaptic neurotransmitter release and postsynaptic receptor stimulation, improving the synaptic neurotransmission dysfunction .
Naotong:cerebral energy metabolism, increase oxygen and glucose utilization, and improved intelligence, the obstacle of the DA conversion, stimulation of the nerve conduction, enhancement of protein synthesis, improve learning and memory ability and the like) other Naotong:cerebral energy metabolism, increase oxygen and glucose utilization, and improved intelligence, the obstacle of the DA conversion, stimulation of the nerve conduction, enhancement of protein synthesis, improve learning and memory ability and the like) other . 2: Improving cerebral blood oxygen content, increase the cerebral arterial oxygen tension and oxygen saturation of blood, improve cerebral microcirculation status 2: Improving cerebral blood oxygen content, increase the cerebral arterial oxygen tension and oxygen saturation of blood, improve cerebral microcirculation status .
solcoseryl: increase the brain mitochondrial respiratory state, increase ATP production, activation of brain function and the function of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) solcoseryl: increase the brain mitochondrial respiratory state, increase ATP production, activation of brain function and the function of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) . Ginkgo biloba extract: improve the hypoxia tolerance, increase the brain energy metabolism, free radical scavenging, etc Ginkgo biloba extract: improve the hypoxia tolerance, increase the brain energy metabolism, free radical scavenging, etc .
4,Calcium antagonists (calcium metabolism in brain aging and the imbalance of relationship have drawn much attention and 4,Calcium antagonists (calcium metabolism in brain aging and the imbalance of relationship have drawn much attention and . containing neurofibrillary tangles in the brain nuclei of the fibroblasts derived from AD patients, It is apparent that the calcium build - up of containing neurofibrillary tangles in the brain nuclei of the fibroblasts derived from AD patients, It is apparent that the calcium build - up of .
commonly used medicine includes: 1) nimodipine: can selectively camphor vascular resistance, increase cerebral blood flow in the neurons in the commonly used medicine includes: 1) nimodipine: can selectively camphor vascular resistance, increase cerebral blood flow in the neurons in the . has a strong calcium antagonistic effect, promote regeneration of injured neurons, improving learning and memory ability of the has a strong calcium antagonistic effect, promote regeneration of injured neurons, improving learning and memory ability of the .
in a dose of 120 - 180mg / d in a dose of 120 - 180mg / d . 2) hydrochloric acid flunarizine (than): selectively camphor vascular resistance, increase cerebral blood flow, thereby preventing ischemia,hypoxia - induced calcium ion in brain cells of the cell damage 2) hydrochloric acid flunarizine (than): selectively camphor vascular resistance, increase cerebral blood flow, thereby preventing ischemia,hypoxia - induced calcium ion in brain cells of the cell damage .
5, neurotrophic factor is the secretion of specific protein molecules, can promote and maintain the nerve cell growth, survival, differentiation and function of the execution of the action, but which does not stimulate the cell division of OFM 5, neurotrophic factor is the secretion of specific protein molecules, can promote and maintain the nerve cell growth, survival, differentiation and function of the execution of the action, but which does not stimulate the cell division of OFM . currently serious drug of nerve growth factor, brain - derived neurotrophic factor such as currently serious drug of nerve growth factor, brain - derived neurotrophic factor such as .
6, anti - oxidant in the process of aging in brain metabolism abnormal results in a large amount of radicals generated 6, anti - oxidant in the process of aging in brain metabolism abnormal results in a large amount of radicals generated . AD patients at autopsy, the brain tissue in the increase of free radicals, lipid peroxidation serious, mitochondrial DNA is significantly impaired AD patients at autopsy, the brain tissue in the increase of free radicals, lipid peroxidation serious, mitochondrial DNA is significantly impaired .
,deposited in the AD patient brain beta - amyloid protein on vascular oxidative damage may result in a neurodegenerative action ,deposited in the AD patient brain beta - amyloid protein on vascular oxidative damage may result in a neurodegenerative action . commonly used antioxidants are astaxanthin, coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, anthocyanin, xanthophyll, Si to Jilin and so on, with the strongest antioxidant astaxanthin, the extraction of natural plant antioxidants may be used for a long period and can delay the development of the AD process commonly used antioxidants are astaxanthin, coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, anthocyanin, xanthophyll, Si to Jilin and so on, with the strongest antioxidant astaxanthin, the extraction of natural plant antioxidants may be used for a long period and can delay the development of the AD process .
7 7, an American study found estrogen, estrogen replacement therapy can significantly delay the AD of the transmission, but its mechanism is not clear whether 7 7, an American study found estrogen, estrogen replacement therapy can significantly delay the AD of the transmission, but its mechanism is not clear whether . recommended estrogen therapy to delay or prevent AD is carried out a prospective clinical trial,in attempt to understand the estrogen dose and treatment duration, and the safety of elderly postmenopausal women recommended estrogen therapy to delay or prevent AD is carried out a prospective clinical trial,in attempt to understand the estrogen dose and treatment duration, and the safety of elderly postmenopausal women .
8, TCM has existed for a multi - value recorded in literature from the brain, heart, kidney and qi system of zang - fu organs, blood, phlegm, stasis and fire, and disease cure 8, TCM has existed for a multi - value recorded in literature from the brain, heart, kidney and qi system of zang - fu organs, blood, phlegm, stasis and fire, and disease cure . Japanese AD patient application of Angelicae Sinensis Powder of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction and uncaria etc from Yu, wind, heat, etc., that AD can improve learning and memory functions of
For Therapy
1, 3R intellectual stimulation method 1, 3R intellectual stimulation method . 1) 1R: their memories for past events and recall memories through the related objects;2) 2R: physical positioning excitation for elderly dementia patients and its related to time, place, person, the environment of the memory;3) 3R: re - excitation and excitation through thinking to discuss inferences patient intelligence and intelligence capabilities 2 1) 1R: their memories for past events and recall memories through the related objects;2) 2R: physical positioning excitation for elderly dementia patients and its related to time, place, person, the environment of the memory;3) 3R: re - excitation and excitation through thinking to discuss inferences patient intelligence and intelligence capabilities 2 .
, , . 20cm diameter sphere coloring method of the spherical balls being curved wave line into six districts, painted red, yellow, white and blue, not two or several adjacent areas with a top - coat color, does not limit the time 20cm diameter sphere coloring method of the spherical balls being curved wave line into six districts, painted red, yellow, white and blue, not two or several adjacent areas with a top - coat color, does not limit the time .
3, weak vascular laser irradiation method 3, weak vascular laser irradiation method . He Ne laser 832 (. lamda. = 632.8 nm) of less than or equal to 5 mV output, generally 1. 0 2. 5mv, the good is not due to aging of a multi - system disorder, a neurotransmitter, the receptor function is restored and the biogenic amines,
4,Bright light therapy 4,Bright light therapy . for the AD patient's sleep and behavior disorder for the AD patient's sleep and behavior disorder .
AD patient's sleep - wake schedule with fragmented and confused, the daytime sleep time, sleep time, reduced AD patient's sleep - wake schedule with fragmented and confused, the daytime sleep time, sleep time, reduced . method: Every morning when 9 - 11, employing 3,000 5000LX full spectra of the fluorescent lamps at intervals of 1m, for 4 weeks, can increase the level of alertness, reducing sleep during the day time, night - sleep enabled the consolidation to reduce the cause of abnormal action method: Every morning when 9 - 11, employing 3,000 5000LX full spectra of the fluorescent lamps at intervals of 1m, for 4 weeks, can increase the level of alertness, reducing sleep during the day time, night - sleep enabled the consolidation to reduce the cause of abnormal action .
Prevention Introduction
1, diagnosis of AD mean survival time was 6 for 8 years, particularly because there is no effective drug that can reverse or halt the progress of the disease, so the nursing work is especially important with 1, diagnosis of AD mean survival time was 6 for 8 years, particularly because there is no effective drug that can reverse or halt the progress of the disease, so the nursing work is especially important with . most dementia patients and most of the time required to receive care at home, but most (about 70%) died of infection most dementia patients and most of the time required to receive care at home, but most (about 70%) died of infection .
so families and home attendants learning, to master the skills necessary to so families and home attendants learning, to master the skills necessary to . patient must coax, not to give stimulation, lets a patient live in harmony to do there that patient must coax, not to give stimulation, lets a patient live in harmony to do there that .
To prevent infection, the infection early cure To prevent infection, the infection early cure . 2, on the prevention of AD is, epidemiological studies show that women, patients with a history of thyroid disease,Head trauma, low education and engaged in simple are some risk factors of elderly postmenopausal women 2, on the prevention of AD is, epidemiological studies show that women, patients with a history of thyroid disease,Head trauma, low education and engaged in simple are some risk factors of elderly postmenopausal women .
application in doctor guidance of estrogen, which can reduce the incidence of AD, but the prevention of mental decline is most reliable, mainly through the more mentally active, more mentally active may activate the neurons from application in doctor guidance of estrogen, which can reduce the incidence of AD, but the prevention of mental decline is most reliable, mainly through the more mentally active, more mentally active may activate the neurons from . elderly friend is, inter alia, appropriate physical exercise, in the event of interest, with a variety of learning, such as computers, foreign language, the zither and the appropriate participation of social activities, maintain the viability or health of the elderly is attainable with the sense of comfort such as drug therapy and also considered the patient of insomnia, restless effective elderly friend is, inter alia, appropriate physical exercise, in the event of interest, with a variety of learning, such as computers, foreign language, the zither and the appropriate participation of social activities, maintain the viability or health of the elderly is attainable with the sense of comfort such as drug therapy and also considered the patient of insomnia, restless effective .
8 8.
