內容介紹
全書按照章節進行，劃分為15章。
⑴本書覆蓋面廣，書中多以雅思考試真題為例；
⑵本書例句中詳細分析學生常犯錯誤，並對學生常見疑問給予詳細解答；
⑶本書對各種詞性，句型，從句，時態，語態均進行詳細講解，並輔以大量例句以便學生理解語法知識點，因此本書可以作為語法工具書使用；
⑷能夠快速幫助讀者掌握雅思考試需要的語法知識點，提高雅思成績
作者介紹
戴雲， 新東方教育科技集團培訓師，北京新東方學校綜合能力部主任，托福和雅思教學專家。曾經榮獲新東方十年功勳獎，出版過《TOEFL辭彙10000》、《TOEFL iBT寫作辭彙小伴侶》、《新東方高考英語寫作與改錯》等暢銷著作。
梅晗，天道國際教育集團教學總監，原北京新東方VIP部教學總監，新東方教育科技集團集團培訓師。國內雅思閱讀、辭彙頂級名師，學員人數近10萬人。15歲考上北京航空航天大學，21歲碩士畢業，堅信梅花香自苦“晗”來。出版書籍：《雅思辭彙勝經》、《劍橋雅思12周完全攻略--閱讀》、《劍七精講》、《劍八精講》
作品目錄
第一部分 雅思語法精要
第一章 英語語法基本概念·············································································· 2
1.1 概述······················································································································· 2
1.2 詞類······················································································································· 2
1.3 句子······················································································································· 3
1.4 短語······················································································································· 4
1.4.1 名詞短語(Noun Phrase)···································································································4
1.4.2 限定動詞短語(Finite Verb Phrase)···················································································5
1.4.3 非限定動詞短語(Non-finite Verb Phrase)·········································································5
1.4.4 形容詞短語(Adjective Phrase)·························································································5
1.4.5 副詞短語 (Adverb Phrase)································································································6
1.4.6 介詞短語 (Prepositional Phrase)·······················································································7
1.5 句子種類················································································································ 7
1.5.1 簡單句·······························································································································7
1.5.2 並列句·······························································································································8
1.5.3 複合句···························································································································· 10
1.5.4 並列複合句····················································································································· 11
1.5.5 陳述句···························································································································· 11
1.5.6 疑問句···························································································································· 11
1.5.7 祈使句···························································································································· 14
1.5.8 感嘆句···························································································································· 15
第二章 英語的基本句型及構成要素····························································· 17
2.1 英語的基本句型··································································································· 17
2.1.1 第一句型 S + V.i.··········································································································· 17
2.1.2 第二句型 S+Vlink+S.C.·································································································· 18
2.1.3 第三句型 S+V.t.+O········································································································ 19
2.1.4 第四句型S+V.t.+Oi.+Od.······························································································ 19
2.1.5 第五句型S+V.t.+O+O.C.······························································································· 20
2.2 英語基本句型的構成要素····················································································· 21
2.2.1 主語······························································································································· 21
2.2.2 謂語······························································································································· 22
2.2.3 賓語······························································································································· 22
2.2.4 補語······························································································································· 24
2.2.5 定語······························································································································· 25
2.2.6 狀語······························································································································· 26
2.2.7 同位語···························································································································· 26
2.2.8 獨立成分························································································································ 27
第三章 名詞································································································· 28
3.1 概述····················································································································· 28
3.1.1 名詞( 短語)··················································································································· 28
3.1.2 現代英語的名詞有數和格的語法區別············································································· 29
3.2 名詞的分類·········································································································· 29
3.3 名詞複數·············································································································· 30
3.3.1 可數名詞變複數的規則··································································································· 30
3.3.2 常見的不規則名詞·········································································································· 31
3.3.3 常見的單複數同形的名詞······························································································· 32
3.3.4 只有複數形式的名詞······································································································ 32
3.3.5 常見的不可數名詞·········································································································· 32
3.3.6 應注意以下原則············································································································· 32
3.3.7 單、複數意義有差異的名詞··························································································· 32
3.3.8 既可數又不可數的名詞··································································································· 33
3.3.9 一些常考的名詞············································································································· 33
3.4 名詞的格·············································································································· 34
3.4.1 格的種類························································································································ 34
3.4.2 所有格的形式················································································································· 34
3.4.3 所有格的構成················································································································· 35
3.4.4 所有格後面的名詞省略··································································································· 35
3.4.5 雙重所有格····················································································································· 35
3.5 名詞的性·············································································································· 36
第四章 冠詞································································································· 38
4.1 不定冠詞·············································································································· 38
4.2 定冠詞·················································································································· 39
4.2.1 定冠詞的用法················································································································· 39
4.2.2 不用定冠詞的情況·········································································································· 39
第五章 代詞································································································· 41
5.1 概述····················································································································· 41
5.1.1 代詞的分類····················································································································· 41
5.1.2 代詞易錯點····················································································································· 41
5.2 不定代詞·············································································································· 42
5.3 關係代詞·············································································································· 43
5.4 it 的用法··············································································································· 44
第六章 數詞································································································· 47
6.1 概述····················································································································· 47
6.2 數詞的用法·········································································································· 48
第七章 形容詞、副詞及比較級····································································· 51
7.1 形容詞的定義及用法···························································································· 51
7.2 形容詞的種類······································································································· 52
7.3 形容詞的比較······································································································· 52
7.3.1 規則形式························································································································ 53
7.3.2 不規則形式····················································································································· 54
7.4 形容詞並列用作定語時的位置·············································································· 55
7.5 副詞的定義及用法······························································································· 55
7.6 副詞的形式·········································································································· 56
7.7 比較····················································································································· 57
第八章 動詞和非限定形式············································································ 62
8.1 動詞的用法·········································································································· 62
8.2 動詞的時態·········································································································· 67
8.3 被動語態·············································································································· 69
8.3.1 概述······························································································································· 69
8.3.2 被動語態的形式············································································································· 69
8.4 動詞的非限定形式································································································ 72
8.5 學生常見疑問解答································································································ 75
第九章 介詞································································································· 80
9.1 概述····················································································································· 80
9.2 介詞在句子裡的用法···························································································· 82
9.3 應注意的問題······································································································· 83
9.4 重要介詞的用法··································································································· 85
第十章 從句································································································· 93
10.1 名詞性從句········································································································ 93
10.2 定語從句············································································································ 95
10.3 狀語從句·········································································································· 107
10.4 同位語從句······································································································ 109
第十一章 平行結構······················································································112
第十二章 主語和謂語的一致·······································································115
12.1 主語單複數······································································································ 115
12.2 主語從句·········································································································· 120
12.3 其他················································································································· 120
第十三章 否定句與倒裝結構·······································································122
13.1 否定句·············································································································· 122
13.2 倒裝結構·········································································································· 125
13.3 學生常見疑問··································································································· 128
第十四章 虛擬語氣······················································································129
14.1 概述················································································································· 129
14.2 虛擬語氣的用法······························································································· 130
第十五章 練習題及參考答案·······································································139
15.1 練習題·············································································································· 139
15.1.1 五大句型····················································································································139
15.1.2 名詞性從句·················································································································140
15.1.3 定語從句····················································································································142
15.1.4 狀語從句····················································································································144
15.1.5 虛擬語氣····················································································································146
15.2 練習題參考答案······························································································· 149
15.2.1 五大句型····················································································································149
15.2.2 名詞性從句·················································································································150
15.2.3 定語從句····················································································································151
15.2.4 狀語從句····················································································································152
15.2.5 虛擬語氣····················································································································153
第二部分 劍橋雅思閱讀長難句分析
《劍橋雅思4》閱讀長難句分析······································································156
Test 1 Reading Passage 1····················································································· 156
Test 1 Reading Passage 2: What Do Whales Feel? ··············································· 158
Test 1 Reading Passage 3: Visual Symbols and the Blind ···································· 160
Test 2 Reading Passage 1: Lost for Words ···························································· 161
Test 2 Reading Passage 2: Alternative Medicine in Australia ······························· 163
Test 2 Reading Passage 3: Play Is a Serious Business ········································· 164
Test 3 Reading Passage 1: Micro-Enterprise Credit for Street Youth ···················· 166
Test 3 Reading Passage 2: Volcanoes—Earth-shattering News ··························· 167
Test 3 Reading Passage 3: Obtaining Linguistic Data ·········································· 169
Test 4 Reading Passage 1: How Much Higher? How Much Faster? ····················· 170
Test 4 Reading Passage 2: The Nature and Aims of Archaeology ························ 171
Test 4 Reading Passage 3: The Problem of Scarce Resources ···························· 172
《劍橋雅思5》閱讀長難句分析······································································174
Test 1 Reading Passage 1: Johnson’s Dictionary ·················································· 174
Test 1 Reading Passage 2: Nature or Nurture? ····················································· 176
Test 1 Reading Passage 3: The Truth about the Environment ······························· 179
Test 2 Reading Passage 1: Bakelite—The Birth of Modern Plastics ····················· 181
Test 2 Reading Passage 2: What’s So Funny?—John McCrone Reviews Recent
Research on Humour ·················································································· 184
Test 2 Reading Passage 3: The Birth of Scientific English ···································· 186
Test 3 Reading Passage 1: Early Childhood Education ········································ 189
Test 3 Reading Passage 2: Disappearing Delta ···················································· 192
Test 3 Reading Passage 3: The Return of Artificial Intelligence ···························· 194
Test 4 Reading Passage 1: The Impact of Wilderness Tourism ···························· 197
Test 4 Reading Passage 2: Flawed Beauty: the Problem with Toughened
Glass ··········································································································· 199
Test 4 Reading Passage 3: The Effects of Light on the Plant and Animal
Species ······································································································· 200
《劍橋雅思6》閱讀長難句分析······································································203
Test 1 Reading Passage 1: Australia’s Sporting Success ····································· 203
Test 1 Reading Passage 2: Delivering the Goods ················································· 206
Test 1 Reading Passage 3: Climate Change and the Inuit ···································· 209
Test 2 Reading Passage 1: Advantages of Public Transport ································ 213
Test 2 Reading Passage 2: Greying Population Stays in the Pink ························· 215
Test 2 Reading Passage 3: Numeration ································································ 218
Test 3 Reading Passage 1 ···················································································· 221
Test 3 Reading Passage 2: Motivating Employees under Adverse Conditions ····· 224
Test 3 Reading Passage 3: The Search for the Anti-aging Pill ······························ 226
Test 4 Reading Passage 1: Doctoring Sales ························································· 229
Test 4 Reading Passage 2: Do Literate Women Make Better Mothers? ················ 231
Test 4 Reading Passage 3····················································································· 234
《劍橋雅思7》閱讀長難句分析······································································239
Test 1 Reading Passage 1: Let’s Go Bats ····························································· 239
Test 1 Reading Passage 2: Making Every Drop Count ·········································· 242
Test 1 Reading Passage 3: Educating Psyche ······················································ 245
Test 2 Reading Passage 1: Why Pagodas Don’t Fall Down ·································· 248
Test 2 Reading Passage 2: The True Cost of Food ··············································· 251
Test 2 Reading Passage 3: Makete Integrated Rural Transport Project ················ 255
Test 3 Reading Passage 1: Ant Intelligence ·························································· 258
Test 3 Reading Passage 2: Population Movements and Genetics ························ 261
Test 3 Reading Passage 3 ···················································································· 264
Test 4 Reading Passage 1: Pulling Strings to Build Pyramids ······························· 267
Test 4 Reading Passage 2: Endless Harvest ························································· 270
Test 4 Reading Passage 3: Effects of Noise·························································· 274
《劍橋雅思8》閱讀長難句分析······································································277
Test 1 Reading Passage 1: A Chronicle of Timekeeping ······································ 277
Test 1 Reading Passage 2: Air Traffic Control in the USA····································· 280
Test 1 Reading Passage 3: Telepathy ··································································· 283
Test 2 Reading Passage 1: Sheet Glass Manufacture: the Float Process ············· 286
Test 2 Reading Passage 2: The Little Ice Age ······················································· 288
Test 2 Reading Passage 3: The Meaning and Power of Smell ······························ 291
Test 3 Reading Passage 1: Striking Back at Lightning with Lasers ······················· 294
Test 3 Reading Passage 2: The Nature of Genius ················································· 296
Test 3 Reading Passage 3: How Does the Biological Clock Tick? ························ 300
Test 4 Reading Passage 1: Land of the Rising Sum·············································· 303
Test 4 Reading Passage 2: Biological Control of Pests ········································· 306
Test 4 Reading Passage 3: Collecting Ant Specimens ········································· 308
附 錄···········································································································312
附錄一 人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞································································· 312
附錄二 名詞複數的構成·························································································· 312
附錄三 動詞現在時第三人稱單數構成····································································· 313
附錄四 動詞的過去式和過去分詞的構成································································· 314
附錄五 現在分詞的構成·························································································· 319
附錄六 各種時態的緊縮形式··················································································· 320
附錄七 形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的構成······················································ 320
