數據轉換器

數據轉換器

《數據轉換器》 (影印版)是第一本從模擬和數字兩種信號處理相結合的角度全面地論述數據轉換器的研究生教材。在模擬數字接口技術方面,數字電子技術的進步已經在許多層面上推動了該技術的發展並提供了有效的支持;而關於這些內容的教學的和自學的教材一直是缺失的,這些層面包括:技術規範,轉換方法和體系結構,電路設計和測試等。

內容簡介

數據轉換器 數據轉換器

在對必要的背景理論基礎進行研究之後,《數據轉換器》涉及並提供了深入且全面的知識。每章中引導性資料以及眾多的實例加強了《數據轉換器》的廣度和深度,大多數實例是以行為仿真的形式給出的。這些例題和章末的習題有助於理解相關內容,有利於使用某些工具進行自我練習,這些工具對培訓和設計工作都是很有效的。

《數據轉換器》對工程技術人士也是一本必不可少的教科書,因為它彌補了本專題的資料缺乏系統化、條理化的不足。《數據轉換器(影印版)》構想讀者已具備模擬和數字電路的紮實基礎;具有使用電路和行為分析的仿真工具的基礎。具有統計分析的基礎也是有用的,但不是絕對必要的。

作者簡介

作者:(義大利)佛朗哥·馬洛博蒂(Franco Maloberti)

目錄

Dedication

Preface

1. BACKGROUND ELEMENTS

1.1 The Ideal Data Converter

1.2 Sampling

1.2.1 Undersampling

1.2.2 Sampling-time Jitter

1.3 Amplitude Quantization

1.3.1 Quantization Noise

1.3.2 Properties of the Quantization Noise

1.4 kT/C Noise

1.5 Discrete and Fast Fourier Transforms

1.5.1 Windowing

1.6 Coding Schemes

1.7 The D/A Converter

1.7.1 Ideal Reconstruction

1.7.2 Real Reconstruction

1.8 The Z-Transform

References2. DATA CONVERTERS SPECIFICATIONS

2.1 Type of Converter

2.2 Conditions of Operation

2.3 Converter Specifications

2.3.1 General Features

2.4 Static Specifications

2.5 Dynamic Specifications

2.6 Digital and Switching Specifications

References

3. NYQUIST-RATE D/A CONVERTERS

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 DAC Applications

3.1.2 Voltage and Current References

3.2 Types of Converters

3.3 Resistor based Architectures

3.3.1 Resistive Divider

3.3.2 X-Y Selection

3.3.3 Settling of the Output Voltage

3.3.4 Segmented Architectures

3.3.5 Effect of the Mismatch

3.3.6 Trimming and Calibration

3.3.7 Digital Potentiometer

3.3.8 R-2R Resistor Ladder DAC

3.3.9 Deglitching

3.4 Capacitor Based Architectures

3.4.1 Capacitive Divider DAC

3.4.2 Capacitive MDAC

3.4.3 "Flip Around" MDAC

3.4.4 Hybrid Capacitive-Resistive DACS

3.5 Current Source based Architectures

3.5.1 Basic Operation

3.5.2 Unity Current Generator

3.5.3 Random Mismatch with Unary Selection

3.5.4 Current Sources Selection

3.5.5 Current Switching and Segmentation

3.5.6 Switching of Current Sources

3.6 Other Architectures

References

4. NYQUIST RATE A/D CONVERTERS

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Timing Accuracy

4.2.1 Metastability error

4.3 Full-Flash Converters

4.3.1 Reference Voltages

4.3.2 Offset of Comparators

4.3.3 Offset Auto-zeroing

4.3.4 Practical Limits

4.4 Sub-Ranging and Two-Step Converters

4.4.1 Accuracy Requirements

4.4.2 Two-step Converter as a Non-linear Process

4.5 Folding and Interpolation

4.5.1 Double Folding

4.5.2 Interpolation

4.5.3 Use of Interpolation in Flash Converters

4.5.4 Use of Interpolation in Folding Architectures

4.5.5 Interpolation for Improving Linearity

4.6 Time-Interleaved Converters

4.6.1 Accuracy requirements

4.7 Successive Approximation Converter

4.7.1 Errors and Error Correction

4.7.2 Charge Redistribution

4.8 Pipeline Converters

4.8.1 Accuracy Requirements

4.8.2 Digital Correction

4.8.3 Dynamic Performances

4.8.4 Sampled-data Residue Generator

4.9 Other Architectures

4.9.1 Cyclic (or Algorithmic) Converter

4.9.2 Integrating Converter

4.9.3 Voltage-to-Frequency Converter

References

5. CIRCUITS FOR DATA CONVERTERS

5.1 Sample-and-Hold

5.2 Diode Bridge S&H

5.2.1 Diode Bridge Imperfections

5.2.2 Improved Diode Bridge

5.3 Switched Emitter Follower

5.3.1 Circuit Implementation

5.3.2 Complementary Bipolar S&H

5.4 Features of S& Hs with BJT

5.5 CMOS Sample-and-Hold

5.5.1 Clock Feed-through

5.5.2 Clock Feed-through Compensation

5.5.3 Two-stages OTA as T&H

5.5.4 Use of the Virtual Ground in CMOS S&H

5.5.5 Noise Analysis

5.6 CMOS Switch with Low Voltage Supply

5.6.1 Switch Bootstrapping

5.7 Folding Amplifiers

5.7.1 Current-Folding

5.7.2 Voltage Folding

5.8 Voltage-to-Current Converter

5.9 Clock Generation

References

6. OVERSAMPLING AND LOW ORDER EA MODULATORS

6.1 Introduction

6.1.1 Delta and Sigma-Delta Modulation

6.2 Noise Shaping

6.3 First Order Modulator

6.3.1 Intuitive Views

6.3.2 Use of 1-bit Quantization

6.4 Second Order Modulator

6.5 Circuit Design Issues

6.5.1 Offset

6.5.2 Finite Op-Amp Gain

6.5.3 Finite Op-Amp Bandwidth

6.5.4 Finite Op-Amp Slew-Rate

6.5.5 ADC Non-ideal Operation

6.5.6 DAC Non-ideal Operation

6.6 Architectural Design Issues

6.6.1 Integrator Dynamic Range

6.6.2 Dynamic Ranges Optimization

6.6.3 Sampled-data Circuit Implementation

6.6.4 Noise Analysis

……

7. HIGH-ORDER, CT EA CONVERTERS AND EA DAC

8. DIGITAL ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES

9. TESTING OF D/A AND A/D CONVERTERS

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