Introduction
South Ossetia (Ossetic language: Х c y c sluglike р И р hallux c 2.90μm о??, Georgian:, Russian: ф today?? sluglike 3ПО c 2.90μm today
), also known as South Ossetia or Xi Xia in southern Europe, the Caucasus, the former Soviet Union - and the ), also known as South Ossetia or Xi Xia in southern Europe, the Caucasus, the former Soviet Union - and the . of the Autonomous Republic of South Ossetia in the 1990s and the conflict in Georgia in essentially declared independence, the establishment of the Republic of South Ossetia (Ossetic language: Р02 c pi sigma je y 'C y c c k Х sluglike р И р hallux c 2.90μm о??, Georgian - language:, in Russian: Р02 c pi sigma je y 'kappa alpha alpha ф today??
3ПО c 2.90μm today ), yet the United Nations and the international on the majority of countries, Russia's war with georgia in 2008 after the first to recognize South Ossetia and diplomatic ), yet the United Nations and the international on the majority of countries, Russia's war with georgia in 2008 after the first to recognize South Ossetia and diplomatic .
History
Medieval and modern Ossetians originated in the election, Tsai is the Sarmatians wherein one tribe of Medieval and modern Ossetians originated in the election, Tsai is the Sarmatians wherein one tribe of . In the medieval period by Georgian and Byzantine influence, became a Christian In the medieval period by Georgian and Byzantine influence, became a Christian .
due to Xiongnu domination, they were chased out in Russia is now the Don south of his hometown, portion and over the Caucasus, Georgia due to Xiongnu domination, they were chased out in Russia is now the Don south of his hometown, portion and over the Caucasus, Georgia . Georgia's Ossetians were divided into three parts: the western, Islamic influence, the South's campus in g, formed of South Ossetia today, with the north in Iron, forming today's North Ossetia to North Ossetia Georgia's Ossetians were divided into three parts: the western, Islamic influence, the South's campus in g, formed of South Ossetia today, with the north in Iron, forming today's North Ossetia to North Ossetia .
1767 started,Russia accepted the rule of the majority of Ossetians 1767 started,Russia accepted the rule of the majority of Ossetians . profess Christianity, only a minority of Muslim profess Christianity, only a minority of Muslim .
in Russia and the Soviet of South Ossetia today along with the rest of Georgia, in 1801 the annexation by Russia in Russia and the Soviet of South Ossetia today along with the rest of Georgia, in 1801 the annexation by Russia . after the February revolution in Russia, the Ossetians set up a national committee, advocated the autonomy of the Ossetians after the February revolution in Russia, the Ossetians set up a national committee, advocated the autonomy of the Ossetians .
National Committee of the South Ossetian appeals will soon be incorporated into the Soviet Bolshevik October Revolution by National Committee of the South Ossetian appeals will soon be incorporated into the Soviet Bolshevik October Revolution by . control after South Ossetia became a member of the Menshevik faction of the Democratic Republic of Georgia,But in North Ossetia, which has emerged as the country's Bolshevik faction of the Buddhist calendar days of Soviet g control after South Ossetia became a member of the Menshevik faction of the Democratic Republic of Georgia,But in North Ossetia, which has emerged as the country's Bolshevik faction of the Buddhist calendar days of Soviet g .
part of 1918 - 1920, South Ossetia and Georgia's government by the Soviet federal government support of Ossetian rebel battlefield part of 1918 - 1920, South Ossetia and Georgia's government by the Soviet federal government support of Ossetian rebel battlefield . Tskhinvali is Ossetian rebels occupied and plundered, and Georgians killed in the massacre of Tskhinvali is Ossetian rebels occupied and plundered, and Georgians killed in the massacre of .
Ossetian information is displayed in the war had 5,000 Ossetians were killed, 13,000 people due to hunger and disease and death several times in the Ossetian information is displayed in the war had 5,000 Ossetians were killed, 13,000 people due to hunger and disease and death several times in the . Georgia and after the failure of the revolt, the Ossetians was sympathetic to the Soviet government and Bolshevik sentiments Georgia and after the failure of the revolt, the Ossetians was sympathetic to the Soviet government and Bolshevik sentiments .
, in 1921.Article 11 of the former Soviet Union Red Army defeated Georgia's democratic republic and the establishment of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic government, many Ossetians also took part in the offensive of the Battle of the Georgian Soviet Republic of Georgia To thank the Ossetians, 1922 to 20 April 2005 the establishment of the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast, and was to continue to make up the majority of Georgians in Tskhinvali, the capital of South Ossetia is To thank the Ossetians, 1922 to 20 April 2005 the establishment of the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast, and was to continue to make up the majority of Georgians in Tskhinvali, the capital of South Ossetia is .
though has its own language (Ossetian language), but the Russian and Georgian are one of the official languages, administrative traffic on though has its own language (Ossetian language), but the Russian and Georgian are one of the official languages, administrative traffic on . currently, is the capital of the Russian government separated the only administrative language, while in the Soviet times,In Georgia, the local government, except the Ossetic language in the region as a whole, and in the case of schooling and the use of the currently, is the capital of the Russian government separated the only administrative language, while in the Soviet times,In Georgia, the local government, except the Ossetic language in the region as a whole, and in the case of schooling and the use of the .
Georgian - Ossetian disputes from 1989 to 2008 before 1989, the Government of Georgia for South Ossetian autonomy and the interrelationship between peace - keeping state but Georgian - Ossetian disputes from 1989 to 2008 before 1989, the Government of Georgia for South Ossetian autonomy and the interrelationship between peace - keeping state but . 1990, Georgia's independence from the Soviet Union began to take small steps, but the South Ossetian parliament in September announced the establishment of Soviet democracy republic of South Ossetia,Georgia became part of Soviet Georgia 1990, Georgia's independence from the Soviet Union began to take small steps, but the South Ossetian parliament in September announced the establishment of Soviet democracy republic of South Ossetia,Georgia became part of Soviet Georgia .
Congress got a announced the cancellation of the autonomous status of South Ossetia, Georgia, Congress got a announced the cancellation of the autonomous status of South Ossetia, Georgia, . thought the independence movement was orchestrated by the Soviet Union, with the aim of making intervention independent of Georgia, the Georgian police, as well as the local people in clashes at the end of 1991 were thought the independence movement was orchestrated by the Soviet Union, with the aim of making intervention independent of Georgia, the Georgian police, as well as the local people in clashes at the end of 1991 were .
conflicts that have arisen as a result of the death of about 1000 people, with 100,000 people have fled their homes in South Ossetia, where most of the people moved into North Ossetia conflicts that have arisen as a result of the death of about 1000 people, with 100,000 people have fled their homes in South Ossetia, where most of the people moved into North Ossetia . in January 1992, the South Ossetian referendum, the referendum showed, the vast majority of residents supported the independence of South Ossetia in 1992 in January 1992, the South Ossetian referendum, the referendum showed, the vast majority of residents supported the independence of South Ossetia in 1992 .
,In order to avoid the further widening of the conflict between Russia, Georgia and Russia, South Ossetia Dagomys brokered a cease - fire agreement, both parties agree to temporarily halt military operations ,In order to avoid the further widening of the conflict between Russia, Georgia and Russia, South Ossetia Dagomys brokered a cease - fire agreement, both parties agree to temporarily halt military operations . warring consists of mixed Russian - Georgian - Ossetian peacekeepers, and on 6 November 1992, by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe to dispatch a team enters the Georgia peacekeeping oversight task warring consists of mixed Russian - Georgian - Ossetian peacekeepers, and on 6 November 1992, by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe to dispatch a team enters the Georgia peacekeeping oversight task .
since 1994, South Ossetia generally maintain the peaceful status since 1994, South Ossetia generally maintain the peaceful status . June 2004,situation due to the efforts to combat the smuggling and the Georgia - South Tensions June 2004,situation due to the efforts to combat the smuggling and the Georgia - South Tensions .
series of military operations that have killed tens of thousands of casualties series of military operations that have killed tens of thousands of casualties . Georgia's government also accuses the Russian peacekeepers were biased in favour of the government of South Ossetia, and we hope that the UN forces by substitution with Georgia's government also accuses the Russian peacekeepers were biased in favour of the government of South Ossetia, and we hope that the UN forces by substitution with .
Georgia after the collapse of the Soviet Union, gradually to the west, the US military and economic aid to the United States also rely on local tubing, without being output via the Russian territory of Caspian oil to Western State Georgia after the collapse of the Soviet Union, gradually to the west, the US military and economic aid to the United States also rely on local tubing, without being output via the Russian territory of Caspian oil to Western State . Georgia U. S. ally in the war on terrorism, to be more active in recent years to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization;Russia in recent years owing to their massive energy reserves rose again, due to the separatist region of South Ossetia is the most important energy transit routes, something both sides seemingly inevitable, Russia is preventing NATO enlargement, i.e. to the South Ossetian independence hostage to georgia into nato
in April 2008, Georgia could join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization of outgoing message in April 2008, Georgia could join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization of outgoing message . .
conflict, was set to the 2008 South Ossetia war in August 2008 on 7 - night, at the tail end of the 2008 Beijing Olympics officially opened at the same time, the Georgian troops in South Ossetia raid,and claimed to have surrounded the capital Tskhinvali conflict, was set to the 2008 South Ossetia war in August 2008 on 7 - night, at the tail end of the 2008 Beijing Olympics officially opened at the same time, the Georgian troops in South Ossetia raid,and claimed to have surrounded the capital Tskhinvali . supports South Ossetia and then Georgia troops along the border in a thrilling fight, the Russians sent a hundred tanks in addition to the attacks on the towns of Georgians, and Russian air strikes on Georgian troops to enter at the same time supports South Ossetia and then Georgia troops along the border in a thrilling fight, the Russians sent a hundred tanks in addition to the attacks on the towns of Georgians, and Russian air strikes on Georgian troops to enter at the same time .
is also substantially the same as the independent region of Abkhazia, Georgia, and the naval blockade of Georgian port is also substantially the same as the independent region of Abkhazia, Georgia, and the naval blockade of Georgian port . Russia according to official statements, there have been 1500 civilians and 15 Russian "peacekeepers" killed Russia according to official statements, there have been 1500 civilians and 15 Russian "peacekeepers" killed .
Georgian say there are 2,000 of them died in the fighting in Georgia on Tuesday afternoon for Georgian say there are 2,000 of them died in the fighting in Georgia on Tuesday afternoon for . represented in Russia by yanking the bombing,Georgian troops Sunday had already been evacuated from the South Ossetian capital Tskhinvali, which was redeployed to other place represented in Russia by yanking the bombing,Georgian troops Sunday had already been evacuated from the South Ossetian capital Tskhinvali, which was redeployed to other place .
Political
throughout South Ossetia by ethnic Ossetians and Georgians in South Ossetia where throughout South Ossetia by ethnic Ossetians and Georgians in South Ossetia where . village consisting of the largest cities of Tskhinvali and the majority of Ossetians settlements are separated by the South Ossetian government dominated by the minority of Georgians settlements by the Georgian government - controlled area of jagged village consisting of the largest cities of Tskhinvali and the majority of Ossetians settlements are separated by the South Ossetian government dominated by the minority of Georgians settlements by the Georgian government - controlled area of jagged .
increases conflict risk, whereas any desired delineation of boundaries will cause a large - scale population movements increases conflict risk, whereas any desired delineation of boundaries will cause a large - scale population movements . such political differences remains unresolved to this day,South Ossetia but the separatist government of the Republic of South Ossetia () is also effective during the period of independent Georgia in the dominion of the heavens outside such political differences remains unresolved to this day,South Ossetia but the separatist government of the Republic of South Ossetia () is also effective during the period of independent Georgia in the dominion of the heavens outside .
Shiva Naz reign (1993 ~ 2003) have been negotiating for several times, but to little Shiva Naz reign (1993 ~ 2003) have been negotiating for several times, but to little . successor of the Prime Minister of Georgia's Hadley (en:) is the highest priority and the Georgian government, vowed to bring South Ossetia and another of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia declared independence under central government grasp successor of the Prime Minister of Georgia's Hadley (en:) is the highest priority and the Georgian government, vowed to bring South Ossetia and another of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia declared independence under central government grasp .
in 2004 to a successful end state after independence of Ajaria, South Ossetia wanted to also can have the same results,South Ossetia and is committed to the internationalization of the problem in the in 2004 to a successful end state after independence of Ajaria, South Ossetia wanted to also can have the same results,South Ossetia and is committed to the internationalization of the problem in the . President Saakashvili, (en: I would guess in January 2005, would resolve the conflict in south Ossetia of Georgia for the idea of being presented to the General Assembly lawmakers President Saakashvili, (en: I would guess in January 2005, would resolve the conflict in south Ossetia of Georgia for the idea of being presented to the General Assembly lawmakers .
and in October of that year, the United States and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) also in OSCE in Vienna of the Permanent Committee, expressed support for the Georgian territories of South Ossetia a peace plan,Although the plan for the separation is contested by the Government and Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of South Ossetia and in October of that year, the United States and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) also in OSCE in Vienna of the Permanent Committee, expressed support for the Georgian territories of South Ossetia a peace plan,Although the plan for the separation is contested by the Government and Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of South Ossetia . While the United Nations, the European Union, NATO and other international organizations and believed in South Ossetia are Georgia's part, but nowadays most of the region of South Ossetia is a de facto independence, but has not been any national or international organizations recognized as such by the republic of South Ossetia (Ossetic language: Р02 c pi sigma je y 'C y c c k Х sluglike р И р hallux c 2.90μm?? The untapped, in Russian:Р02 c pi sigma je y 'kappa alpha alpha ф today??
3ПО c 2.90μm today ) of separating government - controlled area ) of separating government - controlled area .
any place of the other part is still in the Government of Georgia under the control of the any place of the other part is still in the Government of Georgia under the control of the . substantially independent of the Government of the Republic of South Ossetia, on 11 September 2006, will be announced on 12 November, held in 1992 without international recognition of the independence referendum, held a second independence referendum, South Ossetia decided "whether to maintain the prior state of the independent claims."
vote was not in the grip of a major international organization with the central authorities of Georgia are recognized by the Council of Europe (COE) vote was not in the grip of a major international organization with the central authorities of Georgia are recognized by the Council of Europe (COE) . Terry Davis, Secretary General of the Council on 13 September and pointed out, there will be no country to accept the results of the vote, and he hopes the government of South Ossetia and Georgia Terry Davis, Secretary General of the Council on 13 September and pointed out, there will be no country to accept the results of the vote, and he hopes the government of South Ossetia and Georgia .
negotiations on the same day, the European Union for the South Caucasus envoy in Moscow say the referendum for the European Union will not be representative of any significance, he also believes the referendum move will not help the peace process in South Ossetia negotiations on the same day, the European Union for the South Caucasus envoy in Moscow say the referendum for the European Union will not be representative of any significance, he also believes the referendum move will not help the peace process in South Ossetia . according to South Ossetia in the Tskhinvali authorities,The referendum turnout exceeded 95%, of which 99 per cent for independence, with 96% support Eduard Kokoity (en:) served as the Interim President of the Republic of South Ossetia and according to South Ossetia in the Tskhinvali authorities,The referendum turnout exceeded 95%, of which 99 per cent for independence, with 96% support Eduard Kokoity (en:) served as the Interim President of the Republic of South Ossetia and .
such a vote is in the 34 countries such as Germany, Australia, Poland and the International Election Observation Mission under the supervision of the conduct of such a vote is in the 34 countries such as Germany, Australia, Poland and the International Election Observation Mission under the supervision of the conduct of .
Geography
South Ossetia; it covers an area of 3, 900 sq km, is located in the highlands of the southern Caucasus, and Russia has the larger population of North Ossetia, which is the partition between the mountains, with the rest of Georgia is the hilly part of the river separated by South Ossetia; it covers an area of 3, 900 sq km, is located in the highlands of the southern Caucasus, and Russia has the larger population of North Ossetia, which is the partition between the mountains, with the rest of Georgia is the hilly part of the river separated by . South Ossetia, a mountainous area, most of the area with an altitude of 1000 metres above sea level on the South Ossetia, a mountainous area, most of the area with an altitude of 1000 metres above sea level on the .
economy dominated by agriculture, the majority of the population relies on subsistence agriculture, but the republic as a whole, only 10 per cent of the land is already cultivated economy dominated by agriculture, the majority of the population relies on subsistence agriculture, but the republic as a whole, only 10 per cent of the land is already cultivated . Agricultural products include cereals, fruit and grape products (wine, raisins etc.) based, some forestry and animal husbandry (cattle and dairy)
and some small - scale industry,mainly concentrated in the capital's outskirts and some small - scale industry,mainly concentrated in the capital's outskirts .
Economic
in the 1990s after wars with Georgia, South Ossetia in the central government economic aspects: on the one hand, the Republic of employment and lack of medical supplies, plus the Republic of Georgia to cut off power supply, forcing the government of South Ossetia to North Ossetia buy in the 1990s after wars with Georgia, South Ossetia in the central government economic aspects: on the one hand, the Republic of employment and lack of medical supplies, plus the Republic of Georgia to cut off power supply, forcing the government of South Ossetia to North Ossetia buy . electrical current between the supply of power to only one cable maintaining electrical current between the supply of power to only one cable maintaining .
as well as economic instability, political uncertainty in South Ossetia, along with thousands of refugees and the illicit drug and arms sales are in the region in recent years become very unstable as well as economic instability, political uncertainty in South Ossetia, along with thousands of refugees and the illicit drug and arms sales are in the region in recent years become very unstable . South Ossetia government currently only has an economic value of assets, is connected to the south,North Ossetia, the Roki Tunnel between control of the South Ossetia government currently only has an economic value of assets, is connected to the south,North Ossetia, the Roki Tunnel between control of the .
Population
In the Georgian - Ossetian conflict before, about two - thirds of the population is ethnic Ossetians in South Ossetia, 25% - 30% of the population today Georgians In the Georgian - Ossetian conflict before, about two - thirds of the population is ethnic Ossetians in South Ossetia, 25% - 30% of the population today Georgians . proportions are unknown, but according to estimates, about South Ossetia have 45, 000 ethnic Ossetians and Georgians 17500 proportions are unknown, but according to estimates, about South Ossetia have 45, 000 ethnic Ossetians and Georgians 17500 .
27 until August 2008,About 70% of the people of South Ossetia have Russian passports 27 until August 2008,About 70% of the people of South Ossetia have Russian passports . 1926 census 1939 census 1959 census 1970 Census Census Census of the People's Republic of China from 1979 to 1989 the Ossetians 60, 351 (69. 1%) (72), 266 (68. 1%) (63), 698 (65. 8%) 66 (66. 5%) 65, 66 077 (1.4%) 65, 66 (200. 2%), Georgians (23), 538 (26. 27. 9%), 525 (25. 26. 9%), 584 (27. 5%) 28, 125 (28. 3%) 28, 187(28. 8%), 28, 700 (29. 0%) Russians 157 (0. 2%) 2, 111 (2. 0%) 2 380 (2. 5 1%), 574 (1. 6%) 2, 046 (2. 1%) Armenian (1), 374 (1. 6%) 1, 537 (1. 4%) 1, 555 (1. 6 1%), 254 (1. 3%) 953 (1. 0% Jews, 1), 739 (2. 0%) 1 (1.9%) 1, 723 (1. 8%) and 14.85 (1. 5%) 654 (0.7%) Other (216, 0. 2%) 700 (0. 867%) 7 (0. 9%) 910 (0. 9%), Fisheries (1. 1 5%), 100 (4. 8%) the total number of 87, 375106, of 2011, 80799, 42197, 98899, 000
Historical Events
* In November 1991 the South Ossetia declared independence, and advocated merger with Russia * In November 1991 the South Ossetia declared independence, and advocated merger with Russia ., January 1992, a referendum for that establishment of an independent South Ossetia with North Ossetia republic joining Russia, , January 1992, a referendum for that establishment of an independent South Ossetia with North Ossetia republic joining Russia, .
merged in June 1992, Russia, Georgia, South Ossetia and other parties to reach a ceasefire agreement, merged in June 1992, Russia, Georgia, South Ossetia and other parties to reach a ceasefire agreement, . 1995 South Ossetian authorities declared that with the central government to put an end to the hostilities, but hasn't ceded 1995 South Ossetian authorities declared that with the central government to put an end to the hostilities, but hasn't ceded .
independent attempt, in November 2006, the South Ossetian again to hold a referendum on independence, the vast majority of citizens support independent independent attempt, in November 2006, the South Ossetian again to hold a referendum on independence, the vast majority of citizens support independent . Nan, in August 2008,South Ossetia conflict broke out again, Nan, in August 2008,South Ossetia conflict broke out again, .
26 August 2008, according to russian television reported Wednesday, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev has signed a decree to recognize independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia 26 August 2008, according to russian television reported Wednesday, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev has signed a decree to recognize independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia .
The Latest Dynamic
According to Russian News in the early hours of March 18, Russian President Vladimir Putin and South Ossetian Prime Minister column Arnie was the harry tony Norwich Tiepolo rublev signed an alliance and integration agreement According to Russian News in the early hours of March 18, Russian President Vladimir Putin and South Ossetian Prime Minister column Arnie was the harry tony Norwich Tiepolo rublev signed an alliance and integration agreement . signed an agreement to include the two countries in particular to the establishment of a joint air defense and security areas, and open the border checkpoint, merging the customs authorities, the provisions of South Ossetia with Russia, a series of domestic institutions merged and simplified protocol flow signed an agreement to include the two countries in particular to the establishment of a joint air defense and security areas, and open the border checkpoint, merging the customs authorities, the provisions of South Ossetia with Russia, a series of domestic institutions merged and simplified protocol flow .
25 years to 25 years to .
