South China Sea

South China Sea, called South China Sea, is a marginal sea of the south of China, the Han Dynasty, the Northern and Southern Dynasty called swelling sea, the sea boiled, the Tang Dynasty gradually later renamed the South China Sea, is one of the three largest marginal seas in the South China Sea, an area of 356 sq km, of which there are over 200 inhabited islands and reefs, known by the name of the islands in the South.South China Sea is one of the highest in the Pacific and the Indian Ocean between the major economic, defence are of great significance, in the South China Sea is believed to sit atop rich oil and natural gas.

Introduction

South China Sea are Southeast Asia, Mainland China, Taiwan, Philippine Islands, Indochina and the Malay Archipelago and is surrounded by the sea, the Western Pacific as part of South China Sea are Southeast Asia, Mainland China, Taiwan, Philippine Islands, Indochina and the Malay Archipelago and is surrounded by the sea, the Western Pacific as part of . in Southeast Asian countries in the South China Sea, as the Vietnamese called Donghai (Vietnamese: Bi Forrô ng / n), it is said to Luzon in the Philippines (Tagalog: Luzon) or the West Philippine Sea (Pilipinas) in Southeast Asian countries in the South China Sea, as the Vietnamese called Donghai (Vietnamese: Bi Forrô ng / n), it is said to Luzon in the Philippines (Tagalog: Luzon) or the West Philippine Sea (Pilipinas) .
Chinese Han Dynasty, the Northern and Southern Dynasties, referred to as the Rising Sea, Boiling Sea, later renamed the South China Sea gradually,and perpetuated by the modern Chinese Han Dynasty, the Northern and Southern Dynasties, referred to as the Rising Sea, Boiling Sea, later renamed the South China Sea gradually,and perpetuated by the modern e is from the common English name "on the South China Sea are"
Sea was in the South China Sea area has 350 square kilometers, of which there are over 200 inhabited islands and reefs, these islands and reefs are collectively referred to as Sea was in the South China Sea area has 350 square kilometers, of which there are over 200 inhabited islands and reefs, these islands and reefs are collectively referred to as . is in addition to the main shipping lanes, the area is believed to sit atop rich oil and natural gas in South China Sea to is in addition to the main shipping lanes, the area is believed to sit atop rich oil and natural gas in South China Sea to .
involves the interests of many States, is a very sensitive area involves the interests of many States, is a very sensitive area .

Overview

In the definition of the International Hydrographic Bureau in the South China Sea is a northeast trending fault, its southern boundary at 3 degrees south latitude, is located south of Indonesia's Sumatra and Kalimantan, north to the Chinese mainland, to the northeast of Taiwan, east of the Philippines archipelago, and contains the western half of the Luzon Strait, west to Vietnam and the Malay Peninsula, through the Bashi Channel, the Sulu Sea and the Strait of Malacca connects the Indian and Pacific Oceans In the definition of the International Hydrographic Bureau in the South China Sea is a northeast trending fault, its southern boundary at 3 degrees south latitude, is located south of Indonesia's Sumatra and Kalimantan, north to the Chinese mainland, to the northeast of Taiwan, east of the Philippines archipelago, and contains the western half of the Luzon Strait, west to Vietnam and the Malay Peninsula, through the Bashi Channel, the Sulu Sea and the Strait of Malacca connects the Indian and Pacific Oceans . almost the entire South China Sea, which China, peninsulas and islands surrounded by the main almost the entire South China Sea, which China, peninsulas and islands surrounded by the main .
Sea continental shelf, continental slope and the central basin of the three portions are distributed annularly Sea continental shelf, continental slope and the central basin of the three portions are distributed annularly . Central Basin in the central part of the South China Sea to the east and acontinental slope is the one around the northeast trending fault basin of elongated, generally flat rhombic in the South China Sea is the world's third continental margin - sea, next to the Coral Sea and the Arabian Sea, with an area of 356 sq km, is about equal to the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea covers an area of 3 times, the average water depth is approximately 1, 212 m, is the deepest in the middle of the abyssal plains, with up to 5, 567 meters Central Basin in the central part of the South China Sea to the east and acontinental slope is the one around the northeast trending fault basin of elongated, generally flat rhombic in the South China Sea is the world's third continental margin - sea, next to the Coral Sea and the Arabian Sea, with an area of 356 sq km, is about equal to the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea covers an area of 3 times, the average water depth is approximately 1, 212 m, is the deepest in the middle of the abyssal plains, with up to 5, 567 meters .
Sea is an important waterway between the Pacific and Indian Ocean, mostly around the peninsula and the islands in the South China Sea is located in the low - latitude geographical Sea is an important waterway between the Pacific and Indian Ocean, mostly around the peninsula and the islands in the South China Sea is located in the low - latitude geographical ., , .
deepwater South China Sea belongs to tropical sea surface temperature is higher from 25. degree. C. to about 28. degree. C., the temperature difference in. degree. C. for 3 to 4 c,salinity of 35 per thousand, the average tidal range is 2 meters

Neighboring Countries And Regions

Clockwise from the north (the direction of control and territory): 'People's Republic of China (Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) who's who's who was to become the Philippines Malaysia Brunei Singapore Indonesia says Thailand's Cambodia'Clockwise from the north (the direction of control and territory): 'People's Republic of China (Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) who's who's who was to become the Philippines Malaysia Brunei Singapore Indonesia says Thailand's Cambodia'.

Major Rivers Flowing Into The South China Sea

Pearl River's' Red River's waters of the Mekong (Lancang said) the territory of the People's Republic of ChinaPearl River's' Red River's waters of the Mekong (Lancang said) the territory of the People's Republic of China.

Main Island

See Islands: Nayar, Sunda's islands Spratly Islands; the Dongsha Islands; the Zhongsha Islands, who's who's Xisha IslandsSee Islands: Nayar, Sunda's islands Spratly Islands; the Dongsha Islands; the Zhongsha Islands, who's who's Xisha Islands.

Climatic Characteristics

and all over the islands in the South China Sea in the south of the Tropic of Cancer, the equator, which belongs to the equatorial, tropical marine monsoon and all over the islands in the South China Sea in the south of the Tropic of Cancer, the equator, which belongs to the equatorial, tropical marine monsoon . its climate is characterized by: its climate is characterized by:.

High Temperature All Year Round

due to their close proximity to the equator, the solar radiation amount of heat, the temperature is high and annual average due to their close proximity to the equator, the solar radiation amount of heat, the temperature is high and annual average . 25 C. 28
of the coldest temperatures average around 20 C., most extreme heat reached 33 C temperature was high, but there is a broad ocean and strong sea breezes, and no hot temperature was high, but there is a broad ocean and strong sea breezes, and no hot .
year in the big changes in temperature, the small difference from the Mongolian Plateau year in the big changes in temperature, the small difference from the Mongolian Plateau . winter of cold air to enter the South China Sea, the now greatly weakened over the islands in the South of modest impacts on climate, winter still seems to be on the early summer, is the so - called "all seasons", at the same time, the South China Sea. The sea surface temperature is also higher in the northern part of the 23
25 C., the middle portion 26, 27. degree. C.,southern 27 28 DEG C;and the change of season were also muted

Abundant Rainfall

the vast South China Sea and the western Pacific with rich moisture source, a large amount of water vapor condition of the subject to a variety of forms of abundant precipitation wherein the typhoon rain the vast South China Sea and the western Pacific with rich moisture source, a large amount of water vapor condition of the subject to a variety of forms of abundant precipitation wherein the typhoon rain . .
South - Sea - about one - third of the annual average rainfall is 1300 mm of rainfall but South - Sea - about one - third of the annual average rainfall is 1300 mm of rainfall but . seasonal distribution is not uniform, concentrated in a summer of characteristics such as seasonal distribution is not uniform, concentrated in a summer of characteristics such as .
Yongxing island in the Paracels, 1392 mm annual rainfall, while 6 in 10 months while rainfall up to 1040 mm, with an annual rainfall of seventy percent more Yongxing island in the Paracels, 1392 mm annual rainfall, while 6 in 10 months while rainfall up to 1040 mm, with an annual rainfall of seventy percent more .

Distinctive Monsoon

Tropical monsoon climate and oceans are significantly 10 months later, from Siberia and Mongolia to blow a flow of air towards the winter in southern China over the islands in the South China Sea and ocean Tropical monsoon climate and oceans are significantly 10 months later, from Siberia and Mongolia to blow a flow of air towards the winter in southern China over the islands in the South China Sea and ocean . so every year in November from October - March northeast monsoon prevailing.every year starting in April, the South China Sea and the islands to be subject to the tropical and equatorial maritime air of influences, from May to September in Prevailing southwest monsoon;4 months and 10 months of the monsoon period
conversion is affected by it, the South China Sea Currents obvious characteristics of monsoon, summer flows northeast, flowing southwest winter conversion is affected by it, the South China Sea Currents obvious characteristics of monsoon, summer flows northeast, flowing southwest winter .

Typhoon Impact

Islands in the summer and also is often affected by typhoon Typhoon Islands in the summer and also is often affected by typhoon Typhoon . 70 percent of these were from the Philippines to the east of the western Pacific ocean surface and near the Caroline Islands, the Xisha Islands; the Zhongsha Islands and the South China Sea and nearby sea 70 percent of these were from the Philippines to the east of the western Pacific ocean surface and near the Caroline Islands, the Xisha Islands; the Zhongsha Islands and the South China Sea and nearby sea .
typhoons coming from the islands in the South's influence is very great typhoons coming from the islands in the South's influence is very great . freak typhoon wind abuse, following torrential rains, tidal waves, often dealing with maritime shipping, offshore island construction and production of freak typhoon wind abuse, following torrential rains, tidal waves, often dealing with maritime shipping, offshore island construction and production of .
but the disaster, typhoons are also have a silver lining: it made over the South China Sea, Hainan Island in Southeast China and much of the rainfall is abundant during the forming process, for the relief of drought or drought mitigation which plays an important part in the but the disaster, typhoons are also have a silver lining: it made over the South China Sea, Hainan Island in Southeast China and much of the rainfall is abundant during the forming process, for the relief of drought or drought mitigation which plays an important part in the .

Resources

Overview

South China Sea is a rich fishing ground, and the sea, Yellow Croaker, Pseudosciaena polyactis, Trichiurus haumela, mackerel, cuttlefish, turtles, and red fish South China Sea is a rich fishing ground, and the sea, Yellow Croaker, Pseudosciaena polyactis, Trichiurus haumela, mackerel, cuttlefish, turtles, and red fish . wherein of Pseudosciaena crocea is one of the most important marine resources of fish here wherein of Pseudosciaena crocea is one of the most important marine resources of fish here .
never venture into foreign waters, where they seem to love their hometown, and there is a "fish in the country a reputation as the ' never venture into foreign waters, where they seem to love their hometown, and there is a "fish in the country a reputation as the '. Sea swiftlet with seaweed and saliva to make nests, the nest is tonic cubilose Sea swiftlet with seaweed and saliva to make nests, the nest is tonic cubilose .
subsea high much longer Mr. Coral reefs, continental shelf oil rich teems with fish, shrimp and rare seafood teems with fish, shrimp and rare seafood .
Sea (maximum 35 per thousand) salinity, tidal range 2 meters Sea (maximum 35 per thousand) salinity, tidal range 2 meters . aquatic animals in the South China Sea, rich in fish and sea turtles, sea cucumber, oyster, top shell tuna, tuna, snapper,sharks, lobsters, barracuda, cuttlefish, squid and other tropical and precious aquatic aquatic animals in the South China Sea, rich in fish and sea turtles, sea cucumber, oyster, top shell tuna, tuna, snapper,sharks, lobsters, barracuda, cuttlefish, squid and other tropical and precious aquatic .
because of the South China Sea is a tropical marine, adapted coral propagation, underwater plateau at the atolls in the South Sea Islands; the Dongsha Islands, Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands and Nansha Islands are coral - based islands;Aquaculture is mainly the sea turtles, sea cucumber, tuna, red snapper, shark, lobsters, barracuda, cuttlefish and squid etc. of various tropical marine

Animal

Fish is of important biological resources in marine fishes Fish is of important biological resources in marine fishes . in the South China Sea are more than 1,500 kinds of marine fish, most species in the Southwest Islands; the Zhongsha Islands and the waters are scattered, many of which have extremely high economy value in the South China Sea are more than 1,500 kinds of marine fish, most species in the Southwest Islands; the Zhongsha Islands and the waters are scattered, many of which have extremely high economy value .
mainly horse mackerel, grouper, red fish, bonito fish, octopus, wolf herring, conger eel, sardine, Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson), flying fish, black pomfret fish, Silver pomfret, tuna, shark, etc mainly horse mackerel, grouper, red fish, bonito fish, octopus, wolf herring, conger eel, sardine, Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson), flying fish, black pomfret fish, Silver pomfret, tuna, shark, etc . especially horse mackerel, grouper, tuna, black pomfret fish and silver pomfret, etc, with high yield, and is pelagic fishing is the main variety of especially horse mackerel, grouper, tuna, black pomfret fish and silver pomfret, etc, with high yield, and is pelagic fishing is the main variety of .
Pratas Islands in the southwest of the fish is very rich in resources, The quality is very good,And rich Chinese to other regions of the Pratas Islands in the southwest of the fish is very rich in resources, The quality is very good,And rich Chinese to other regions of the . rare fish such as tuna, sharks and other fish for human consumption and that of rare fish such as tuna, sharks and other fish for human consumption and that of .
is one of the main sources of animal protein, fish and the pharmaceutical, chemical, and special arts and crafts of important raw materials of marine turtles is one of the main sources of animal protein, fish and the pharmaceutical, chemical, and special arts and crafts of important raw materials of marine turtles . is in is in .
one of the few reptiles, turtles are not created equal, generally means the "Chelonia mydas" one of the few reptiles, turtles are not created equal, generally means the "Chelonia mydas" . distribution in tropical and subtropical waters, southwest China's Zhongsha Islands is a sea turtle on the background of" distribution in tropical and subtropical waters, southwest China's Zhongsha Islands is a sea turtle on the background of" .
whenever the 4 August, a large number of turtles along with the warm current from the neighbouring waters on their way into the South China Sea, in the southwest of the Pratas Islands island reef shoal mate, whenever the 4 August, a large number of turtles along with the warm current from the neighbouring waters on their way into the South China Sea, in the southwest of the Pratas Islands island reef shoal mate,. climbed on to the beach to lay eggs on the beach of eggs to the temperature of the natural hatching turtles climbed on to the beach to lay eggs on the beach of eggs to the temperature of the natural hatching turtles .
adult turtles about one meter in length, weighing about 100 kilograms of adult turtles about one meter in length, weighing about 100 kilograms of . 200 has high economic value, edible meat and eggs are delicious and nutritious 200 has high economic value, edible meat and eggs are delicious and nutritious .
tortoise's shell may be made of tortoise plastron glue, it is the superior nutritional supplement that tortoise's shell may be made of tortoise plastron glue, it is the superior nutritional supplement that . chelonian palm, turtle blood, turtle and tortoise oil dirty can be medicine, kidney, lung, stomach, liver cirrhosis and other diseases has a certain curative effects for a long time chelonian palm, turtle blood, turtle and tortoise oil dirty can be medicine, kidney, lung, stomach, liver cirrhosis and other diseases has a certain curative effects for a long time .
, the turtle to the southwest of the Pratas Islands in the main speciality in Open - up, more than 2,000 , the turtle to the southwest of the Pratas Islands in the main speciality in Open - up, more than 2,000 . starting in the 1980s, Chinese turtles in specially protected marine animals,Prohibit capture starting in the 1980s, Chinese turtles in specially protected marine animals,Prohibit capture .
the turtle has been well protected, migratory and breeding of fast growth in quantity and the turtle has been well protected, migratory and breeding of fast growth in quantity and . There are many turtles still detained in the island and reef of overwintering There are many turtles still detained in the island and reef of overwintering .
turtles are very valuable species, i.e. the contour of the hawksbill and green turtles are "similar, the carapace and a total of 13 other scales, commonly known as the Thirteen - Point Scale" hawksbill and green turtles are "similar, the carapace and a total of 13 other scales, commonly known as the Thirteen - Point Scale" .
flake with fine texture, luster and bright flake with fine texture, luster and bright ., is suitable to make the most valuable of the ornaments in the tropical sea cucumber Holothuria , is suitable to make the most valuable of the ornaments in the tropical sea cucumber Holothuria .
of of . bark on animals and shark fin, bird's nest on the eponymous bark on animals and shark fin, bird's nest on the eponymous .
is a kind of precious seafood is a kind of precious seafood . sea cucumber species, consisting of around 40 species of edible sea cucumber, while the Xisha Islands produced 20 species,Southwestern Zhongsha Islands in their many types and wide distribution, ginseng body is large, the quality is excellent is famous for sea cucumber species, consisting of around 40 species of edible sea cucumber, while the Xisha Islands produced 20 species,Southwestern Zhongsha Islands in their many types and wide distribution, ginseng body is large, the quality is excellent is famous for .
wherein milk together with white ginseng, black ginseng milk and body wall of Thelenota ananas bymeans of the most precious wherein milk together with white ginseng, black ginseng milk and body wall of Thelenota ananas bymeans of the most precious . Thelenota ananas is referred to as" the king ", is a large, well - known edible sea cucumber Thelenota ananas is referred to as" the king ", is a large, well - known edible sea cucumber .
is the greater length over one meter, two heavy, is the greater length over one meter, two heavy, . 30 Jin after processed into dried meat is crisp and thick, boiled dinner is not only delicious but also nutritious tonic. It's very significant
seashells seashells belongs to mollusc, seashells seashells belongs to mollusc, . southwest Zhongsha Islands spread of approximately 250 southwest Zhongsha Islands spread of approximately 250 .
according to use can be divided into two kinds of ornamental and edible Bei Bei Bei according to use can be divided into two kinds of ornamental and edible Bei Bei Bei . edible There are large horseshoe snail, conch,Tridacna always like edible There are large horseshoe snail, conch,Tridacna always like .
large horseshoe snail also known as" male screw ", widely distributed, and which in that fishing, with high yield, and fat flesh and fresh and delicious, is a kind of economic shellfish large horseshoe snail also known as" male screw ", widely distributed, and which in that fishing, with high yield, and fat flesh and fresh and delicious, is a kind of economic shellfish . hedge Feng - rice fields, are also substantial, distribution in shallow water reef on the beach, people at the click of a mouse, which is made of dried meat flavor and nutrition were satisfactory where hedge Feng - rice fields, are also substantial, distribution in shallow water reef on the beach, people at the click of a mouse, which is made of dried meat flavor and nutrition were satisfactory where .
" seashells" the most vocal of tridacna, also made by the "type", commonly known as the "Ke", "Ke", can be as large as the basin, heavy amounts to hundreds jins " seashells" the most vocal of tridacna, also made by the "type", commonly known as the "Ke", "Ke", can be as large as the basin, heavy amounts to hundreds jins . big person, delicious meat, which is already the best, its adductor muscle (commonly known as the "Ke") is a marine natural food, eat food when filamentous ripped to shreds, like a portal,long chew its fresh taste of You to nearly 1,000 yuan per kilogram price big person, delicious meat, which is already the best, its adductor muscle (commonly known as the "Ke") is a marine natural food, eat food when filamentous ripped to shreds, like a portal,long chew its fresh taste of You to nearly 1,000 yuan per kilogram price .
. In the Pratas Islands in the southwest most seabirds on the island, is covered with trees, flowers everywhere, the four seasons such as summer around the islands are on the wide sea with abundant marine foodstuffs, attracting a large number of island - like growth found here In the Pratas Islands in the southwest most seabirds on the island, is covered with trees, flowers everywhere, the four seasons such as summer around the islands are on the wide sea with abundant marine foodstuffs, attracting a large number of island - like growth found here .
distribution of birds on the islands (of a total of more than sixty kinds of distribution of birds on the islands (of a total of more than sixty kinds of . common white booby, frigatebirds, gulls, and Kingfisher birds, the rust etc.
white booby bird's eye, to duck, a bird weighing about two, three, Callaway Golf, known locally as" white bird ";wings are relatively long, quite good flight, foraging at sea at dusk, the flight's in, and the fishermen according to its flight direction can determine the navigation route and the position of the island, this bird is referred to as the "Bird Navigation" white booby bird's eye, to duck, a bird weighing about two, three, Callaway Golf, known locally as" white bird ";wings are relatively long, quite good flight, foraging at sea at dusk, the flight's in, and the fishermen according to its flight direction can determine the navigation route and the position of the island, this bird is referred to as the "Bird Navigation" . most of them gathered in Dongdao Island of Xisha Islands (also known as" Bird Island "), and jatropha curcas Tongshu interdependence most of them gathered in Dongdao Island of Xisha Islands (also known as" Bird Island "), and jatropha curcas Tongshu interdependence .
1981 Dongdao Island Nature Reserve is zoned for white gannets, birds and their environment are well protected against 1981 Dongdao Island Nature Reserve is zoned for white gannets, birds and their environment are well protected against . estimated, over thousands of white boobies shuttle flight, the vast expanse of the sky, Shashi spectacular seabird estimated, over thousands of white boobies shuttle flight, the vast expanse of the sky, Shashi spectacular seabird .
edible, medicinal, or may be a botanical specimen for its attractive, edible, medicinal, or may be a botanical specimen for its attractive,. is a considerable resources on the islands in a large number of seabird droppings as they left a rich, centuries - old Guano up thick, has a thickness of the island. What kind of a meter or more, and is very abundant in
guano soil rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and the like, and is a kind of natural fertilizer guano soil rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and the like, and is a kind of natural fertilizer .

Plant

Southwestern Zhongsha Islands and reefs covering a total land area of 10 square kilometers, but due to suitable climate, abundant rainfall, the growth of the 200 kinds of higher plants wherein the cultivated plant Southwestern Zhongsha Islands and reefs covering a total land area of 10 square kilometers, but due to suitable climate, abundant rainfall, the growth of the 200 kinds of higher plants wherein the cultivated plant . of of .
island nearly 50 species of plants have a salt - tolerant, is resistant to high temperatures, drought, calcium fertilizer is addicted to feature island nearly 50 species of plants have a salt - tolerant, is resistant to high temperatures, drought, calcium fertilizer is addicted to feature . formation time is long and has a large area of the main islands are home to some of the growth has dense woodlands that formation time is long and has a large area of the main islands are home to some of the growth has dense woodlands that .
generally consisting of pure jatropha curcas Tongshu, referred to as" tropical evergreen forest island " generally consisting of pure jatropha curcas Tongshu, referred to as" tropical evergreen forest island ". jatropha curcas trees, tree height of 10 meters, which is about 30 to 50 centimeters;branch was to be foreboded, and strong coarse short, from the root to the top of a tall tree grows all the leaves, leaf color pale green with white, also known as the "Pisonia grandis", Ma Maple trees tend to clump together, and grew to become a forest jatropha curcas trees, tree height of 10 meters, which is about 30 to 50 centimeters;branch was to be foreboded, and strong coarse short, from the root to the top of a tall tree grows all the leaves, leaf color pale green with white, also known as the "Pisonia grandis", Ma Maple trees tend to clump together, and grew to become a forest .
seabirds, the right branch, which is easy to build the nest, and the tree can withstand wind and rain seabirds, the right branch, which is easy to build the nest, and the tree can withstand wind and rain . dense white boobies and other seabirds are the main habitat of dense white boobies and other seabirds are the main habitat of .
in the islands everywhere, the kind of full - grown, dense, lush shrubbery at the jungle. All of this is sericea, also referred to as" the goat horn tree, as" Tropical evergreen shrub of the genus sericea, also referred to as" the goat horn tree, as" Tropical evergreen shrub of the genus .
. sericea much growth of the thin ridge of coral or sand on the beach sericea much growth of the thin ridge of coral or sand on the beach .
on certain islands, remove cuttings was able to manage growth and crowded togetherso as to cover almost the entire island on certain islands, remove cuttings was able to manage growth and crowded togetherso as to cover almost the entire island . sericea growth and conservation "of beaches, islands and improve the ecological environment functions very well sericea growth and conservation "of beaches, islands and improve the ecological environment functions very well .
artificial cultivation of plants, and trees of all tree species in Hainan Island with relevant typical artificial cultivation of plants, and trees of all tree species in Hainan Island with relevant typical . of of .
Casuarina equisetifolia with coconut palms and coconut palms, the tree stratum biomass is 30 meters, tall and straight and beautiful, is not afraid of the sun, Xi Mu Haifeng, the islands are ideal for planting Casuarina equisetifolia with coconut palms and coconut palms, the tree stratum biomass is 30 meters, tall and straight and beautiful, is not afraid of the sun, Xi Mu Haifeng, the islands are ideal for planting . fishermen in Hainan Island had long been in the past the coconut tree transplanted to the island on fishermen in Hainan Island had long been in the past the coconut tree transplanted to the island on .
towering canopy may be as a sea of flags, full - grown coconuts as fruits harvested towering canopy may be as a sea of flags, full - grown coconuts as fruits harvested . people residing there and fishermen are often in the past of the island is to become the forest,lush fruits people residing there and fishermen are often in the past of the island is to become the forest,lush fruits .
Casuarina equisetifolia, tree height is over 10, due to easy to cultivate, growing rapidly, is the main islands of coastal windbreak, planting more trees (Melia azedarach), loquat forest soil, pine, eucalyptus and the like Casuarina equisetifolia, tree height is over 10, due to easy to cultivate, growing rapidly, is the main islands of coastal windbreak, planting more trees (Melia azedarach), loquat forest soil, pine, eucalyptus and the like . In addition, the islands have also planted a variety of tropical fruits, some crops and various vegetables.

Mineral

seabed oil and natural gas - rich, according to preliminary estimates for seabed oil reserves - - more than 200 tons seabed oil and natural gas - rich, according to preliminary estimates for seabed oil reserves - - more than 200 tons . Pratas Islands in the southwest of the seabed resources are very rich, especially the subsea oil and gas reserves Pratas Islands in the southwest of the seabed resources are very rich, especially the subsea oil and gas reserves .
data display, in the South China Sea have petroliferous structures of more than 200 days, about 180, about 230 to 300 million tonnes, equivalent to 12% of global reserves, or around a third of the total amount of resources which can be referred to as the "second Daqing" data display, in the South China Sea have petroliferous structures of more than 200 days, about 180, about 230 to 300 million tonnes, equivalent to 12% of global reserves, or around a third of the total amount of resources which can be referred to as the "second Daqing" . only of Zengmu Basin in the South China Sea, Sabah Basin and the basin's total reserves,This resulted in nearly 200 tons only of Zengmu Basin in the South China Sea, Sabah Basin and the basin's total reserves,This resulted in nearly 200 tons .
inside half region of the oil and gas reserves in China are claimed to be under the jurisdiction of the waters within the same inside half region of the oil and gas reserves in China are claimed to be under the jurisdiction of the waters within the same ., the Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands of shoreface terrace also has on the km of Cenozoic sediments drapings, these deposits and the Beibu Gulf in China, the Mesozoic sediments of Hainan Island, has close ties with the , the Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands of shoreface terrace also has on the km of Cenozoic sediments drapings, these deposits and the Beibu Gulf in China, the Mesozoic sediments of Hainan Island, has close ties with the .
therefore also is promising the subsea oil and gas producer therefore also is promising the subsea oil and gas producer . seabed resources also include a variety of metal mineral resources, with the advancement of science and in - depth development of the oceans,Southwestern Zhongsha Islands seabed resources have wide development prospect and great value seabed resources also include a variety of metal mineral resources, with the advancement of science and in - depth development of the oceans,Southwestern Zhongsha Islands seabed resources have wide development prospect and great value .
southwest Zhongsha Islands and reefs on the achievement of environment and waters in the tropical islands in the magnificent natural beauty of the development of marine tourism potential southwest Zhongsha Islands and reefs on the achievement of environment and waters in the tropical islands in the magnificent natural beauty of the development of marine tourism potential . science also discovered that enormous ocean tidal power, wave energy, thermal energy, the difference in density, pressure difference energy of marine power resource etc. If scientifically used, its social and economic benefits will be inestimable
Sea of strategic value of Sea of strategic value of .

Protection

Southwestern Zhongsha Islands developed an extremely long history Southwestern Zhongsha Islands developed an extremely long history . long ago, the Chinese people and we're in business, development and exploitation of the island, with the measures of protection for the record or field.
For example, many islands in the reef on the planting of trees, with a reproduction of a variety of terrestrial animals, to the island and created a good ecological environment, is our ancestry leave behind precious inheritance For example, many islands in the reef on the planting of trees, with a reproduction of a variety of terrestrial animals, to the island and created a good ecological environment, is our ancestry leave behind precious inheritance . descendants of the founding of the People's Republic of China, southwest of the Pratas Islands in the marine environment, the protection of natural resources to get attention for their work and support descendants of the founding of the People's Republic of China, southwest of the Pratas Islands in the marine environment, the protection of natural resources to get attention for their work and support .
but not least, the marine fishing and island development and some of the misconduct,to marine resources and eco - environment are damaged or destroyed, marine pollution from coastal to deep sea appear to be spreading;At the same time, sea shipping, the exploitation of deep sea generates waste materials that also affect to the marine environment of the but not least, the marine fishing and island development and some of the misconduct,to marine resources and eco - environment are damaged or destroyed, marine pollution from coastal to deep sea appear to be spreading;At the same time, sea shipping, the exploitation of deep sea generates waste materials that also affect to the marine environment of the . In order to better develop, utilize and protect the oceans, the Chinese government and the broad masses of maritime workers to strengthen marine research and protection, and intensify the protection In order to better develop, utilize and protect the oceans, the Chinese government and the broad masses of maritime workers to strengthen marine research and protection, and intensify the protection .
in the Pratas Islands in the southwest, now designated nature reserve and the protection of the health projects mainly include: Mullet Island Nature Reserve in the Pratas Islands in the southwest, now designated nature reserve and the protection of the health projects mainly include: Mullet Island Nature Reserve . Tokong Bai Bai boobies, white, and the fishermen referred to as" white bird " Tokong Bai Bai boobies, white, and the fishermen referred to as" white bird ".
is the Pratas Islands in the southwest of the main is the Pratas Islands in the southwest of the main . birds are mainly concentrated in the Xisha Islands of the Tokong birds are mainly concentrated in the Xisha Islands of the Tokong .
white boobies quite good flight, late flight winds change direction very regular,Fishermen are affectionately referred to as the "Bird Navigation" white boobies quite good flight, late flight winds change direction very regular,Fishermen are affectionately referred to as the "Bird Navigation" . boobies and based on the flight laws to determine a direction and a position boobies and based on the flight laws to determine a direction and a position .
the islands since ancient times, the fisherman is the ban on hunting of the islands since ancient times, the fisherman is the ban on hunting of . boobies in 1981 the government demarcated Tokong white carp Bird Nature Reserve of southwest Zhongsha Islands Office boobies in 1981 the government demarcated Tokong white carp Bird Nature Reserve of southwest Zhongsha Islands Office .
island island . managed full - time crews on the Island - reef Defenders Considerable afforestation, for bird roosting sites, suitable cyclone season or rainy days, rescue hatchling birds;and education to persons passing by, on the bird's ecological environment and protection of bird resources managed full - time crews on the Island - reef Defenders Considerable afforestation, for bird roosting sites, suitable cyclone season or rainy days, rescue hatchling birds;and education to persons passing by, on the bird's ecological environment and protection of bird resources .
bird bird . normal growth and reproduction, and had a total of 50 in a variety of birds, white booby reaches about 3 million, to develop itself into a haven for seabirds normal growth and reproduction, and had a total of 50 in a variety of birds, white booby reaches about 3 million, to develop itself into a haven for seabirds .
. protection of reef - building corals are corals, are marine corals in low animals, belongs to Coelenterata, its growth in normal salinity, good transparency, water temperature is above 18 degrees C., over - water and shallow tropical seas
Southwestern Zhongsha Islands waters have to be very suitable as coral growth environment, a total of reef - building coral 40 genera and 134 species and subspecies of coral from the sea in Southwestern Zhongsha Islands waters have to be very suitable as coral growth environment, a total of reef - building coral 40 genera and 134 species and subspecies of coral from the sea in . hunted zooplankton, nutrient absorption,continued to grow and reproduce, and from the body excrete a carbonic substance, and leave it the death of the calcareous reefs hunted zooplankton, nutrient absorption,continued to grow and reproduce, and from the body excrete a carbonic substance, and leave it the death of the calcareous reefs .
was formed by these tiny coral through the centuries, thousands of years of deposition for forming a protective coral reefs of was formed by these tiny coral through the centuries, thousands of years of deposition for forming a protective coral reefs of ., is a coral growth provide advantageous breeding conditions and the conditions that will facilitate the development of the reef atoll terrain , is a coral growth provide advantageous breeding conditions and the conditions that will facilitate the development of the reef atoll terrain .
in Southwestern Zhongsha Islands residents and migrant fishermen, protecting the reef - building coral has formed long term conscious action in Southwestern Zhongsha Islands residents and migrant fishermen, protecting the reef - building coral has formed long term conscious action . not to coral reefs on the discharge of production wastewater and living wastewater, protect clean seawater;not in the coral atolls and reef were trampled on or collecting coral not to coral reefs on the discharge of production wastewater and living wastewater, protect clean seawater;not in the coral atolls and reef were trampled on or collecting coral .
, so, you know that the islands of the southwest of the Pratas Islands reef and reef - building corals is well protected , so, you know that the islands of the southwest of the Pratas Islands reef and reef - building corals is well protected . .
protection of fish resources fishery is southwest Zhongsha Islands economic development of major industries, the vast field of sea and are rich with fish, and annually attracts a large number of fishermen to work in each of the island, far from its shores and fishing technology is backward, in the southwest of the Pratas Islands in the fisheries of Pu dragging amount below the fish resources of protection of fish resources fishery is southwest Zhongsha Islands economic development of major industries, the vast field of sea and are rich with fish, and annually attracts a large number of fishermen to work in each of the island, far from its shores and fishing technology is backward, in the southwest of the Pratas Islands in the fisheries of Pu dragging amount below the fish resources of . regeneration capability, however, a lot of fishing, especially some species with higher economic worth of fish are concentrated in fishing, the fish stocks have had a decreasing tendency,receiving a great deal of emphasis on regeneration capability, however, a lot of fishing, especially some species with higher economic worth of fish are concentrated in fishing, the fish stocks have had a decreasing tendency,receiving a great deal of emphasis on .
southwest Zhongsha Islands Fisheries Fishery authorities are increasingly and the island fishing population education, strengthening of the administrative management of a fishery, and killing is strictly forbidden, fishing is strictly prohibited to kill Fry, fish, marine turtle nesting turtles 672,000 southwest Zhongsha Islands Fisheries Fishery authorities are increasingly and the island fishing population education, strengthening of the administrative management of a fishery, and killing is strictly forbidden, fishing is strictly prohibited to kill Fry, fish, marine turtle nesting turtles 672,000 . .
is one of the few marine reptiles, is a world - wide protection of the marine animal is one of the few marine reptiles, is a world - wide protection of the marine animal . over the years, the Chinese government over the turtles listed as national second - class protected animals protected over the years, the Chinese government over the turtles listed as national second - class protected animals protected .
turtles is strictly forbidden, forbidden the sale of turtles, turtle eggs are prohibited pickup strictly forbidden turtle Changsheng waters and islands of the ecological environment to the islands on the reef turtles is strictly forbidden, forbidden the sale of turtles, turtle eggs are prohibited pickup strictly forbidden turtle Changsheng waters and islands of the ecological environment to the islands on the reef . they copulate, climbed on to the beach to lay eggs,Many still detained in islands on the reef to protect several rare overwintering they copulate, climbed on to the beach to lay eggs,Many still detained in islands on the reef to protect several rare overwintering .
of of . marine animals in the Pratas Islands in the southwest, listed as a national - level protected animal of above several kinds: red coral, which belongs to the class with other marine animals in the Pratas Islands in the southwest, listed as a national - level protected animal of above several kinds: red coral, which belongs to the class with other .
Coelenterate coral, lifelong type water - in - law, by the red coral in the glue layer is formed, the hard bone, brilliant color and mood, as numerous branches of the tree, producing extremely sparse decorations can be Coelenterate coral, lifelong type water - in - law, by the red coral in the glue layer is formed, the hard bone, brilliant color and mood, as numerous branches of the tree, producing extremely sparse decorations can be . .
Crews' tridacna, belongs to mollusc shell class Crews' tridacna, belongs to mollusc shell class . larger, thicker, and it looks like a triangle;shell surface has a high ridge, the ridge with overlapping scales within the shell is smooth and even larger, thicker, and it looks like a triangle;shell surface has a high ridge, the ridge with overlapping scales within the shell is smooth and even .
. patients can use the hard shell is named one of the seven treasures, with silver, colored glaze, agate, coral, amber, pearls on the eponymous patients can use the hard shell is named one of the seven treasures, with silver, colored glaze, agate, coral, amber, pearls on the eponymous .
its meat can be totally edible, lean and its meat can be totally edible, lean and . product is an ammonite genus product is an ammonite genus .
mollusks whose shell is very large, flat spin without top mollusks whose shell is very large, flat spin without top . gray surface, the inner mask extremely beautiful pearl luster gray surface, the inner mask extremely beautiful pearl luster .
seafloor habitat, night swimming in the sea now as seafloor habitat, night swimming in the sea now as . one of the rare animals, has been difficult to capture one of the rare animals, has been difficult to capture .

Airline Transport

spread in the vastness of the South China Sea on the Southwestern Zhongsha Islands, the islands due to their small size, the number of islands, the islands lack fresh water limit, the required production goods and materials in the Hawaiian Islands, the island's army and necessities that edible fresh - water must be distant from the Hainan Island or the mainland supply;At the same time, the Pratas Islands in the southwest of a large number of aquatic products must be timely transported so spread in the vastness of the South China Sea on the Southwestern Zhongsha Islands, the islands due to their small size, the number of islands, the islands lack fresh water limit, the required production goods and materials in the Hawaiian Islands, the island's army and necessities that edible fresh - water must be distant from the Hainan Island or the mainland supply;At the same time, the Pratas Islands in the southwest of a large number of aquatic products must be timely transported so ., , .
traffic by sea, there is a lot of work to do is the largest edible fresh - water and construction materials with traffic by sea, there is a lot of work to do is the largest edible fresh - water and construction materials with . Southwestern Zhongsha Islands although the islands can be connected to well draws fresh water, but the mineral is too high, most of them only for washing but not for human consumption Southwestern Zhongsha Islands although the islands can be connected to well draws fresh water, but the mineral is too high, most of them only for washing but not for human consumption .
With the island to island residents and staff are on the rise, so that fresh water is increasingly needed With the island to island residents and staff are on the rise, so that fresh water is increasingly needed . "(fresh water) more expensive than oil" in the Pratas Islands in the southwest of the island is completely facts "(fresh water) more expensive than oil" in the Pratas Islands in the southwest of the island is completely facts .
on the development of economic construction, building and construction materials of the various traffic has also sharply increased on the development of economic construction, building and construction materials of the various traffic has also sharply increased . Take the building of the building, including cement,Steel, bricks, wood, etc., and even the building of the sand and the island, though both freshwater (salinity) but has also exported from the island entered
It is no exaggeration to say that he, the Xisha Islands from Hainan Island for the building of ships" in bulk "barging over It is no exaggeration to say that he, the Xisha Islands from Hainan Island for the building of ships" in bulk "barging over . southwest of the Pratas Islands in the sea lanes to people regarded as" lifelines" by the local government has taken strong measures to develop the southwest of the Pratas Islands in the sea lanes to people regarded as" lifelines" by the local government has taken strong measures to develop the .
. No boats by sea, into a stream of large quantities of materials destined for the local government is also encouraging that the islands of the No boats by sea, into a stream of large quantities of materials destined for the local government is also encouraging that the islands of the .
to the island the size of the fishing operation is said to be responsible for some scattered materials,in particular an island to the transport between the port and dock construction task to the island the size of the fishing operation is said to be responsible for some scattered materials,in particular an island to the transport between the port and dock construction task . fast fast .
, Qinglan Development Zone, Wenchang City, Hainan Island, and yulin gang built southwest of the Pratas Islands in the wharf;Hub is one of the highest in the islands of Yongxing Island, which built a wharf can accommodate 5000 - ton ship berth of the person to , Qinglan Development Zone, Wenchang City, Hainan Island, and yulin gang built southwest of the Pratas Islands in the wharf;Hub is one of the highest in the islands of Yongxing Island, which built a wharf can accommodate 5000 - ton ship berth of the person to . main islands, there is a fishing port and built a small wharf, in order to meet the production and development needs of the construction of main islands, there is a fishing port and built a small wharf, in order to meet the production and development needs of the construction of .
is not in the 1980s, with a view to developing the Pratas Islands in the southwest sector of the economy, national investment in the construction of large - scale is not in the 1980s, with a view to developing the Pratas Islands in the southwest sector of the economy, national investment in the construction of large - scale . Yongxing Island Airport is available for large passenger airplanes ( Yongxing Island Airport is available for large passenger airplanes (.
737s flying to Xisha or charter flights take irregular forms, often have a round - trip to Xisha, addresses part of the island to transport personnel and postal letters of 737s flying to Xisha or charter flights take irregular forms, often have a round - trip to Xisha, addresses part of the island to transport personnel and postal letters of . task task.

Meaning Development

South China Sea between China and the world is a very important sea lanes, and also between the Pacific and Indian Ocean maritime corridors from South China Sea between China and the world is a very important sea lanes, and also between the Pacific and Indian Ocean maritime corridors from . on the military strategy is concerned, the control of the South China Sea islands, means the direct or indirect control from the Strait of Malacca into Japan, from Singapore to Hong Kong, China, from Guangdong to Manila, the Philippines, and even from East to West Asia, Africa and Europe the majority of on the military strategy is concerned, the control of the South China Sea islands, means the direct or indirect control from the Strait of Malacca into Japan, from Singapore to Hong Kong, China, from Guangdong to Manila, the Philippines, and even from East to West Asia, Africa and Europe the majority of .
sea lanes in the South China Sea waters near an abundance of resources, fishery resources, channel resources, especially oil and natural gas resources in the sea lanes in the South China Sea waters near an abundance of resources, fishery resources, channel resources, especially oil and natural gas resources in the . from the fairways, every year some 4 from the fairways, every year some 4 .
ships passed through the South China Sea, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan Province of China,90% or more of the oil input to depend on this waterway in the South China Sea;After the South China Sea waterway transportation of liquefied natural gas, accounting for two thirds of total world trade ships passed through the South China Sea, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan Province of China,90% or more of the oil input to depend on this waterway in the South China Sea;After the South China Sea waterway transportation of liquefied natural gas, accounting for two thirds of total world trade . China, leading to nearly 40 overseas flights, more than half of the route which passed through the South China Sea China, leading to nearly 40 overseas flights, more than half of the route which passed through the South China Sea .

Transportation Resource

China's marine sector in the South China Sea to carry out a plurality of subsea exploration, has accumulated a large amount of data, following the June 2012 open towards the outside of the first batch of oil development of block after the China Offshore Oil 3. 43% Corporation recently announced the second batch of 2012 in the South China Sea for foreign cooperation of the 26 oil blocks, China Nanhai Oil 0. 00% in the acceleration from the but observed that China blocks substantially about around the Beibu Gulf, the distance that the line has" the edge of the far - and why the but observed that China blocks substantially about around the Beibu Gulf, the distance that the line has" the edge of the far - and why the .
,For China's total of 550 million tons of oil resources in the development of the South China Sea remains the prudent attitude ,For China's total of 550 million tons of oil resources in the development of the South China Sea remains the prudent attitude . but - in contrast to China, Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines, Brunei, Indonesia, south of the five countries enter the South China Sea oil resources of footfalls with swift and but - in contrast to China, Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines, Brunei, Indonesia, south of the five countries enter the South China Sea oil resources of footfalls with swift and .
data show, the five countries in the South China Sea in the North Sea drilling wells up to port 1380, annual oil production of about 6000 tons, with output value exceeds 2,000 billion data show, the five countries in the South China Sea in the North Sea drilling wells up to port 1380, annual oil production of about 6000 tons, with output value exceeds 2,000 billion ., which are funded by the five countries at WeiBei block are deep into China's" nine - dash line "in the South China Sea within Vietnam as , which are funded by the five countries at WeiBei block are deep into China's" nine - dash line "in the South China Sea within Vietnam as .
185 of the delineation of oil and gas blocks,a large portion of the block belongs to the Chinese as the Xisha, Nansha waters, Malaysia's oil discoveries on the range deep into Chinese territory within 20 kilometers, the Philippines and the sea of oil and gas block bidding to enter almost completely into the Chinese traditional line within 185 of the delineation of oil and gas blocks,a large portion of the block belongs to the Chinese as the Xisha, Nansha waters, Malaysia's oil discoveries on the range deep into Chinese territory within 20 kilometers, the Philippines and the sea of oil and gas block bidding to enter almost completely into the Chinese traditional line within . in Nansha annually 6000 tonnes of oil and gas production, the five countries in the South China Sea nine - dash line "in the development of oil and gas resources will reach 30 in Nansha annually 6000 tonnes of oil and gas production, the five countries in the South China Sea nine - dash line "in the development of oil and gas resources will reach 30 .
in the South China Sea, China draws on historical records to the territorial sea of the People's Republic of China on its in the South China Sea, China draws on historical records to the territorial sea of the People's Republic of China on its . has absolute sovereignty over has absolute sovereignty over .
in dealing with the development of the oil countries around the South China Sea disputes, the Chinese government always uphold the" sovereignty belongs to me, putting aside the disputes for joint development "The basic principle, but today, this principle has been substantially Putuo alienation by in dealing with the development of the oil countries around the South China Sea disputes, the Chinese government always uphold the" sovereignty belongs to me, putting aside the disputes for joint development "The basic principle, but today, this principle has been substantially Putuo alienation by . on the one hand, due to Mount Putuo for a long time with the use of force and seize the Nansha islands and reefs have been perennial Garrison or deployment - related facilities, while the Chinese had occupied the islands, and have not taken drastic measures, the question of maritime delineation and failed to promptly solve, therefore, the "territorial integrity" for China, the only self - cognition of legal significance;On the other hand, in the handling of the dispute on the sovereignty issue, China has tried to aid the ASEAN "10 + 1" mechanism for the implementation of the strat egy of "Lianheng" strategy, however, due to intervention from the U.S. as a spoiler and, in the People's Republic of China the strat egy of "Lianheng" strategy is hard for
in addition to the Philippines to allow U.S. troops in the Clark base perennial and invited the US to gold Bay are like a valuable base for the deployment of aircraft, Vietnam is also working on a U.S. open intensive negotiations with the US to in this case, China wants to "shelve disputes" to the already difficult task of in this case, China wants to "shelve disputes" to the already difficult task of .
that" sovereignty belongs to me, the controversy facing marginalization - Against the backdrop of the "joint development"the principle of nature, have not been effectively implemented, and to date has received no effect that" sovereignty belongs to me, the controversy facing marginalization - Against the backdrop of the "joint development"the principle of nature, have not been effectively implemented, and to date has received no effect . as early as the end of 2003, not only with the Philippine National Oil Company signed the joint exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources of the Letter of Intent, later Vietnam's state oil company also added as early as the end of 2003, not only with the Philippine National Oil Company signed the joint exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources of the Letter of Intent, later Vietnam's state oil company also added .
wherein however, due to the later Philippines unilateral agreement with the UK, and in the nearby waters to conduct oil and gas exploration activity in the increase of oil and gas for the first time for the conclusion of the cooperation and development agreement have gone nowhere, but since people can no longer see China with cooperation between States in South Sea any behavior wherein however, due to the later Philippines unilateral agreement with the UK, and in the nearby waters to conduct oil and gas exploration activity in the increase of oil and gas for the first time for the conclusion of the cooperation and development agreement have gone nowhere, but since people can no longer see China with cooperation between States in South Sea any behavior . as a matter of fact,Since the United States intervention and permeability, oil and gas disputes already intangibly, rising to the height of the internationalization of the as a matter of fact,Since the United States intervention and permeability, oil and gas disputes already intangibly, rising to the height of the internationalization of the .
in multiple powers, for the development of the politics, and select the "Wu" style are likely to result in a lose - lose even more to lose, and so, the Chinese government to solve and Mount Putuo dispute of oil and gas resources are still needed to "outsmart" in multiple powers, for the development of the politics, and select the "Wu" style are likely to result in a lose - lose even more to lose, and so, the Chinese government to solve and Mount Putuo dispute of oil and gas resources are still needed to "outsmart" .

Humanity History

Conceptual Evolution

South China Sea are marginal seas of the South China Sea is an ancient chinese South China Sea are marginal seas of the South China Sea is an ancient chinese . one of the geographical area concept, different historical era in the South China Sea waters this geographical concept and the scope is different, as far afield as ancient, ancient Chinese would know. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Western Pacific, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea (
but, in ancient China to SSTVA is different from that of the name used but, in ancient China to SSTVA is different from that of the name used . chaos before the Qin Dynasty, the ancient chinese geography has been limited, however, it has been recognize that China is part of the world, the world is big, ocean, ocean - surrounded land of china ancients? chaos before the Qin Dynasty, the ancient chinese geography has been limited, however, it has been recognize that China is part of the world, the world is big, ocean, ocean - surrounded land of china ancients? .
then existing in the South China Sea ("the concept,refers to the Southern Ocean off the coast of China and then existing in the South China Sea ("the concept,refers to the Southern Ocean off the coast of China and . With nautical activities increase, China's surrounding marine awareness With nautical activities increase, China's surrounding marine awareness .
in the South China Sea ("the geographical concept of covering a broader geographical range, with the exception of China refers to the Southern Ocean, Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean off the east coast of the in the South China Sea ("the geographical concept of covering a broader geographical range, with the exception of China refers to the Southern Ocean, Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean off the east coast of the .

Name Evolution

Nanhai name occurs very early in ancient Nanhai name occurs very early in ancient . Xie Cheng Han - - "and" Seven Shires of Jiaozhi contributions rose from the sea and out of the " Xie Cheng Han - - "and" Seven Shires of Jiaozhi contributions rose from the sea and out of the ".
Eastern Han Yang Fu Yi Wu Zhi" recorded: "Rising Sea Qi Tou, but is shallow and of a multi - magnet, Jiao outsiders take Big Bo, all in the context of the part of the iron, the volume of air flow, using a magnet to a limit of not more than Eastern Han Yang Fu Yi Wu Zhi" recorded: "Rising Sea Qi Tou, but is shallow and of a multi - magnet, Jiao outsiders take Big Bo, all in the context of the part of the iron, the volume of air flow, using a magnet to a limit of not more than ." Wan Zhen Wu during the Three Kingdoms" of the state Yi Wu Zhi said: "the Northeast line, great saki head rose out of the sea, in the shallow and a multi - magnet" " Wan Zhen Wu during the Three Kingdoms" of the state Yi Wu Zhi said: "the Northeast line, great saki head rose out of the sea, in the shallow and a multi - magnet" .
Song Li Fang to Recipes, "Taiping Imperial Encyclopedia" cited in the Wu Kingdom of Sanguo Kangtai "Funan": "Rising Sea to Coral Island, in the" Song Li Fang to Recipes, "Taiping Imperial Encyclopedia" cited in the Wu Kingdom of Sanguo Kangtai "Funan": "Rising Sea to Coral Island, in the" . "Rising Sea" in the lead up to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, "Liang" Volume 54 "Hainan (Association of Southeast Asian Nations of the Grand Historian": 'Tuo in the South China Sea Island "Guo Tuo (dry) in the 18 - year - old is now the island of Sumatra, has been using the "Nanhai" name, to the Tang and Song Dynasties in the South China Sea, "said many of the early Tang Dynasty's exile, Vietnamese poets Shen Quanqi have body vote in the South China Sea in the west" of the verse ("pardon shall not belong to the question on the Jiang Shi" "Rising Sea" in the lead up to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, "Liang" Volume 54 "Hainan (Association of Southeast Asian Nations of the Grand Historian": 'Tuo in the South China Sea Island "Guo Tuo (dry) in the 18 - year - old is now the island of Sumatra, has been using the "Nanhai" name, to the Tang and Song Dynasties in the South China Sea, "said many of the early Tang Dynasty's exile, Vietnamese poets Shen Quanqi have body vote in the South China Sea in the west" of the verse ("pardon shall not belong to the question on the Jiang Shi" .
quoted above), as far as 1500 years ago Chinese people already knew of the South China Sea and the islands in the South, the south china sea called "Rising Sea", "South Sea";Islands in the South in general terms the "Qi Tou" Rising Sea "," The Coral Island ";in such a manner that the "magnet" alleged hidden shoal reef, its meaning is hidden shoal in the South China Sea reefs, stranding boats going in and out of it, is like a magnet attracts like quoted above), as far as 1500 years ago Chinese people already knew of the South China Sea and the islands in the South, the south china sea called "Rising Sea", "South Sea";Islands in the South in general terms the "Qi Tou" Rising Sea "," The Coral Island ";in such a manner that the "magnet" alleged hidden shoal reef, its meaning is hidden shoal in the South China Sea reefs, stranding boats going in and out of it, is like a magnet attracts like . Qiongzhou Official Residence Records; he settled on "Rising Sea" meaning "Southern Ming who also Tianchi, polar oppressively, bestronger in Yanhai;Constant water overflow, it is also called Qiongzhou Official Residence Records; he settled on "Rising Sea" meaning "Southern Ming who also Tianchi, polar oppressively, bestronger in Yanhai;Constant water overflow, it is also called .
Rising Sea "at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty scholar of the" New Annals of Guangdong "by Qu Da - jun also has a similar interpretation:" good overflow Yanhai, saying rising sea ' Rising Sea "at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty scholar of the" New Annals of Guangdong "by Qu Da - jun also has a similar interpretation:" good overflow Yanhai, saying rising sea '. "reflect the Chinese ancients tidal components with a view to raising awareness on the South China Sea in the "reflect the Chinese ancients tidal components with a view to raising awareness on the South China Sea in the .
ancient addition referred to as" Rising Sea", "South Sea", "Yanhai", "Ya Zhu Hai" ("Legends of Mountains and Seas":" away - from - the - ear (i.e. countries) of Danzhou, too, with rings in the cliff in the sea ";Tang and Li Shan of Jin Zuo Wu Capital Rhapsody "Note:" Ya Zhu Hai in Nagisa ")," Ocean Continents", "Joan Ocean" ("Cliff": "states in the east of the continent, there are thousands of miles of Shitang, Cheung Sha Wan, as Joan Ocean the most dangerous places," of Qiongzhou Official Residence Records; with this), "Qionghai" (Qing Chen Jiong "Haiguo Experience": "Qionghai to Wanzhou, Changsha and Wanli said";"Joan Records":" Joan is" the sea, which rose Haihu ") or the like over the islands in the sign, in addition to the above - described" Qi Tou "Rising Sea", "The Coral Island", "wood - to - drink" (op. cit. Tang Li Shan of the Wu Capital Rhapsody "drinking wood" Note: "Cliff in Zhu Hai, Nagisa miles east - west, north and south Trinidad, no springs, and chopped wood, using the urn bearing its juice is served in a", "wood - to - drink" - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - means the drink coconut milk;Tang Duan Chengshi "YawYang Essays":" Drinking Wood states, Cliff a bead of the states with and without the spring, people are not well, were carried on plant sap and using ") such as
wherein Kangtai" Funan "concerning" rise in the Coral Sea to Europe, where the bottom of the hill, Panshi, raw coral on which also the author of the world's earliest coral reefs make the islands in the genesis of Scientific Explanation wherein Kangtai" Funan "concerning" rise in the Coral Sea to Europe, where the bottom of the hill, Panshi, raw coral on which also the author of the world's earliest coral reefs make the islands in the genesis of Scientific Explanation .

The First Map

December 1973 at Mawangdui near Changsha unearthed the tomb in the ancient maps, the historian Tan Qixiang was named as one of the early Western Han Dynasty in Changsha kingdom deep flat topography of Stand ", aka" Changsha in the south of the topographic map ', referred to as the "topography", which maps each of the 96 cm in width on a square of silk, according to which a wooden slips unearthed on 12th February B has Wuchen Shuo ", known as the tomb's burial of the 1990s as the Emperor's Twelve (in 168 BC), the time when the map until 2100 December 1973 at Mawangdui near Changsha unearthed the tomb in the ancient maps, the historian Tan Qixiang was named as one of the early Western Han Dynasty in Changsha kingdom deep flat topography of Stand ", aka" Changsha in the south of the topographic map ', referred to as the "topography", which maps each of the 96 cm in width on a square of silk, according to which a wooden slips unearthed on 12th February B has Wuchen Shuo ", known as the tomb's burial of the 1990s as the Emperor's Twelve (in 168 BC), the time when the map until 2100 ." topographic map "is the earliest extant maps of the South China Sea plot " topographic map "is the earliest extant maps of the South China Sea plot .
" topography "of the orientation is north on the southbound,From the map, the main region drawing accurate and detailed, and the other portion is the decrease in accuracy of " topography "of the orientation is north on the southbound,From the map, the main region drawing accurate and detailed, and the other portion is the decrease in accuracy of . main area from the upward to the south until the South China Sea, this is the Princes of Nanyue (South Vietnam) Wang main area from the upward to the south until the South China Sea, this is the Princes of Nanyue (South Vietnam) Wang .
jurisdictions part of the scale is reduced, the drawing precision is significantly decreased by depicting fluvial, shoreline symbolically drawn as semilunar curve jurisdictions part of the scale is reduced, the drawing precision is significantly decreased by depicting fluvial, shoreline symbolically drawn as semilunar curve . anyway, 2100 years ago in the People's Republic of China on the map have been painted on anyway, 2100 years ago in the People's Republic of China on the map have been painted on .
South and North Dynasty, the ancient Chinese navigator in the South China Sea "a geographical concept, a new geographical concept:" the southwest sea ", it refers to as today India and Pakistan as well as the continent's southern coast, including the Arabian Sea today South and North Dynasty, the ancient Chinese navigator in the South China Sea "a geographical concept, a new geographical concept:" the southwest sea ", it refers to as today India and Pakistan as well as the continent's southern coast, including the Arabian Sea today . is to be noted that the"South Sea", "south - sea" is native to China (World Health Organization), China's homegrown mid - point is observed, its geographic coordinates is the center of China, they are ancient Chinese navigator boat named is to be noted that the"South Sea", "south - sea" is native to China (World Health Organization), China's homegrown mid - point is observed, its geographic coordinates is the center of China, they are ancient Chinese navigator boat named .
of the Han dynasty over the islands in the Yuan Dynasty historical records have too of the Han dynasty over the islands in the Yuan Dynasty historical records have too . Stumptown "Qianli Changsha" (present - day Hainan Island of the Nansha Islands under the jurisdiction of the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) Stumptown "Qianli Changsha" (present - day Hainan Island of the Nansha Islands under the jurisdiction of the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) .
Expeditions has been through Xisha and Nansha, South China Sea and leaving the chart's Expeditions has been through Xisha and Nansha, South China Sea and leaving the chart's .

Dash Line

Up to modern times, China's sovereignty in the South China Sea the most conventionally been based essentially on the line, i.e. "nine - dash line" after victory in the war, the Chinese government (is), the Government of the Republic of China when the Japanese invaders from after victory in the war, the Chinese government (is), the Government of the Republic of China when the Japanese invaders from .
took back over the islands in 1946, the Chinese government feels in the South China Sea map chaos unfolding in the South China Sea delimitation work took back over the islands in 1946, the Chinese government feels in the South China Sea map chaos unfolding in the South China Sea delimitation work . was responsible for the delimitation of a warship named "Wing Hing" Xisha Islands, the largest of the islands' sCentral. Hence the name
in 1947, when the Ministry of the Interior has completed the delimitation of the South China Sea, it is determined that the "nine - dash line" in 1947, when the Ministry of the Interior has completed the delimitation of the South China Sea, it is determined that the "nine - dash line" . this line south to the latitude of the reef,laid the foundations for contemporary borders the South China Sea based on the analysis on the this line south to the latitude of the reef,laid the foundations for contemporary borders the South China Sea based on the analysis on the .
Huangyan Island, also in the "nine - dash line, China's territorial waters, Huangyan Island, also in the "nine - dash line, China's territorial waters, . Huangyan Island is inherent territory of China who, in 1898 and by the end of the war, to the north and longitude 118 bounded to the east of the Philippines in the territorial sea of the People's Republic of China;But Scarborough the location was about 48 'in the theory of law in the Philippines outside Huangyan Island is inherent territory of China who, in 1898 and by the end of the war, to the north and longitude 118 bounded to the east of the Philippines in the territorial sea of the People's Republic of China;But Scarborough the location was about 48 'in the theory of law in the Philippines outside .
in 1947 after the delimitation of a quarter of a century, the surrounding countries have consistently objected to the fact that in 1947 after the delimitation of a quarter of a century, the surrounding countries have consistently objected to the fact that . is not in the sense of international law which had historic sovereignty over the South China Sea disputes is not in the sense of international law which had historic sovereignty over the South China Sea disputes .
, (on the Century) originated in the late 1960s and early 1970s about petroleum resources of , (on the Century) originated in the late 1960s and early 1970s about petroleum resources of . thereafter found in the Philippines, Vietnam to control illegal in some places, this does not conform to the requirements of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea "of the basic principles in the South China Sea dispute the origin of the thereafter found in the Philippines, Vietnam to control illegal in some places, this does not conform to the requirements of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea "of the basic principles in the South China Sea dispute the origin of the .
and and . factors also relevant at the time, being made by the UN Law of the Sea,Law of the Sea, while the long - term vague delimitation principles defined factors also relevant at the time, being made by the UN Law of the Sea,Law of the Sea, while the long - term vague delimitation principles defined .
fuzzy demarcation principles in some countries chances for fuzzy demarcation principles in some countries chances for .

South China Sea Dispute

According to Chinese records, from the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Yuan Feng of the Han Dynasty (110 B.C.) set to Hainan Zhuya () now in Sanya of Hainan Danzhou and Danzhou, Hainan province (present - day) of the two counties, each dynasty has represented its to the South China Sea sovereignty Han, Northern and Southern Dynasties in China as the Rising Sea, Boiling Sea, after the Tang Dynasty gradually renamed SCS Han, Northern and Southern Dynasties in China as the Rising Sea, Boiling Sea, after the Tang Dynasty gradually renamed SCS .
until the mid - 20th century, China from the Qing Empire and even the government of the Republic or the People's Republic of China were revealed to have had a claim to the South, and had not been on other countries' disputes until the mid - 20th century, China from the Qing Empire and even the government of the Republic or the People's Republic of China were revealed to have had a claim to the South, and had not been on other countries' disputes . in 1947, the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of China (the government) square division released "over the islands in the Location" in 1947, the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of China (the government) square division released "over the islands in the Location".
since widespread exploration for seabed oil and natural gas resources in the future, the South China Sea and waters around the disputed islands, which are regarded as Asia's most potentially dangerous point of conflict since widespread exploration for seabed oil and natural gas resources in the future, the South China Sea and waters around the disputed islands, which are regarded as Asia's most potentially dangerous point of conflict . one of the Chinese government believes it has the "Nanhai" of sovereignty, other countries also are reluctant to give up its sovereignty claim over SCS one of the Chinese government believes it has the "Nanhai" of sovereignty, other countries also are reluctant to give up its sovereignty claim over SCS .
currently, Taiwan, Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam, the People's Republic of China and other countries around the South China Sea is claimed in part or over the South China Sea islands in order to prevent hostilities currently, Taiwan, Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam, the People's Republic of China and other countries around the South China Sea is claimed in part or over the South China Sea islands in order to prevent hostilities .,in the 10 - member Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the People's Republic of China in 2002, to sign the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea and the South parties ,in the 10 - member Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the People's Republic of China in 2002, to sign the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea and the South parties .
The following are the national sovereign rights statement: 1. The parties reaffirmed" the purposes and principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea Convention, the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia, the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence and other universally recognized principles of international law as the national basic 2. commits the parties to the above principles, on the basis of equality and mutual respect, explore confidence - building measure
3. The parties reaffirmed respect for and commitment to,including the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in conformity with the generally recognized principles of international law as specified in their navigation and overflight in the South China Sea 4. commitment of the parties concerned in accordance with generally recognized principles of international law, including the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ", by directly related sovereign countries through friendly consultations and negotiations to resolve their territorial and jurisdictional disputes without resorting to the threat or use of force
5. the parties pledged to maintain self - restraint, to refrain from actions that could complicate or escalate disputes and affect peace and stability in the South, including in the now uninhabited island, reefs and shoals,sand or other natural configuration to take live action, and to handle their differences in a constructive manner in the peaceful settlement of their territorial and jurisdictional disputes before the parties commitment to the spirit of cooperation and understanding of the spirit, the efforts to find ways for building mutual confidence 6. the parties concerned with the decision made by the parties to agree to the mode, on the issues involved to continue their consultations and dialogue, including the observance of the Declaration on the issue of holding regular consultations with a view to promoting good - neighbourly relations and to improve transparency and create harmony, mutual understanding and cooperation,the peaceful way to resolve their dispute
7. commits the parties to respect the provisions of this Declaration and to take action consistent with the declaration of a 8. the parties to encourage other States to respect the principles of this Declaration included
9. Renewed, action to formulate a code of conduct will further promote regional peace and stability, and agreed to take it to the parties on the basis of an eventual agreement to work towards that goal by Note: while the claims in the South China Sea, Taiwan's government was not part of the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea, followed by a refusal to acknowledge the" Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea in Note: while the claims in the South China Sea, Taiwan's government was not part of the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea, followed by a refusal to acknowledge the" Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea in .

The People's Republic Of China

China's mainland to the Nationalist Government moved in front of the establishment of the nine - dash line region, to meet in the islands in order to maintain and safeguard the Republic early monuments and markers China's mainland to the Nationalist Government moved in front of the establishment of the nine - dash line region, to meet in the islands in order to maintain and safeguard the Republic early monuments and markers . 4 September 1958, published by the People's Republic of China on the Territorial Sea 6 4 September 1958, published by the People's Republic of China on the Territorial Sea 6 .
on 14 September of that year, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) government chairman Pham Van Dong to Zhou Enlai, Premier of People's Republic of China in the latter's note said: "Vietnam's recognition and approval of the Government of the People's Republic of China on September 4, 1958, the provisions of the declaration of the territorial sea of the People's Republic of China, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam Government respect it," on 14 September of that year, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) government chairman Pham Van Dong to Zhou Enlai, Premier of People's Republic of China in the latter's note said: "Vietnam's recognition and approval of the Government of the People's Republic of China on September 4, 1958, the provisions of the declaration of the territorial sea of the People's Republic of China, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam Government respect it," 1974,Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) with the outbreak of the Battle of the Paracel Islands, under the control of the Paracels, was put under the administrative jurisdiction of Guangdong's
in 1988, with Vietnam (Vietcong) Chigua in naval warfare and took control of seven islands and reefs of Nansha Chigua in 1988, with Vietnam (Vietcong) Chigua in naval warfare and took control of seven islands and reefs of Nansha Chigua . 1992, the territorial sea of the People's Republic of China published by 1992, the territorial sea of the People's Republic of China published by .
. 1997, reaffirmed "the South China Sea," U - shaped line (the territorial sea of the republic of China moved in front of the "nine - dash line) and all within the sovereignty of islands and reefs 'on May 31, 2010 to July 2010, The Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China, the submersible" Jiaolong "In the South China Sea 3000 meters deep in the stage of completed 17 dives in a dive at the 'on May 31, 2010 to July 2010, The Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China, the submersible" Jiaolong "In the South China Sea 3000 meters deep in the stage of completed 17 dives in a dive at the .
task where the task is completed successfully, the oceanaut using a robot under the South China Sea on one side of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of the flag of the People's Republic of China to assert its sovereignty task where the task is completed successfully, the oceanaut using a robot under the South China Sea on one side of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of the flag of the People's Republic of China to assert its sovereignty . 7 'in 2012, the State Council approved the establishment of the prefectural - level city of Sansha, Hainan (meaning the Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands and Nansha Islands), the administrative organs stationed at Yongxing Island, under the jurisdiction of the South China Sea islands, but only where the actual control of the islands in the South China Sea 7 'in 2012, the State Council approved the establishment of the prefectural - level city of Sansha, Hainan (meaning the Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands and Nansha Islands), the administrative organs stationed at Yongxing Island, under the jurisdiction of the South China Sea islands, but only where the actual control of the islands in the South China Sea .
responded to China's reclamation work September 9, 2014, under the auspices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokeswoman Hua Chunying at a regular press briefing, on media reports of"South China Sea, a large - scale land reclamation in the work" responded responded to China's reclamation work September 9, 2014, under the auspices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokeswoman Hua Chunying at a regular press briefing, on media reports of"South China Sea, a large - scale land reclamation in the work" responded . Hua Chunying, said China's construction activities on relevant islands, reefs of the island is mainly to improve the working and living conditions of the Hua Chunying, said China's construction activities on relevant islands, reefs of the island is mainly to improve the working and living conditions of the .
Hua Chunying stressed that the issue before us to answer too many times, China's position, you should aware of the Hua Chunying stressed that the issue before us to answer too many times, China's position, you should aware of the . China owns indisputable sovereignty over the Nansha Islands and their adjacent waters, China's Nansha Islands and reefs in the beach sand of the activities of the Chinese side has been within the scope of things, and justifiably, China owns indisputable sovereignty over the Nansha Islands and their adjacent waters, China's Nansha Islands and reefs in the beach sand of the activities of the Chinese side has been within the scope of things, and justifiably, .
1 1.

Taiwan

Williams on 5 October 1946, the French invaded and landed No. Spratly Islands and Taiping Island, built in stone on the island, the Government of the Republic of China protested, and with France to decide this month and in January of the following 4 days of negotiations, due to the Vietnam War, the French abandoned the negotiations 'in October 1946, the National Government decided to send "Zhongye No.1", "Wing Hing", "Taiping", "Mountjoy" and other warships, Commander by Lin Zun, Yao Yu Ru headed south, and with the Ministry of the Interior and representatives of various Ministries, navy, and his visit, in conjunction with the Ministry of Navy in Guangzhou China, heading for the Xisha,Nansha garrison received
1. On 24 November, received in the Xisha Islands" Yongxing, Zhongjian "between the two vessels by Yao Yu Ru Lin led to sail to the island, held a reception and ceremony, the island was renamed" Island ", to commemorate the receiving ships, Yongxing No", co - existence of the "Solid Southern I monument named the island wharf at 3 2. On Dec. 12, the receiving of the Spratly Islands" in the industry", "Taiping" between the two vessels by Li Dun Qian, Lin Zun led Long Island to commemorate the arrival of the
"peaceful" ships to receive the island, i.e. to "peace and tranquility" of the island in the south - west of the island named of the distal end of the breakwater as" Taiping Island "stele, and at the eastern end of the island,The other vertical "Dolomitization" of the distal end of the breakwater as" Taiping Island "stele, and at the eastern end of the island,The other vertical "Dolomitization" .
monument after monument, the monument beside the flag - raising ceremony and reception held at the Taiping Island, as well as the establishment of the Spratly Islands monument after monument, the monument beside the flag - raising ceremony and reception held at the Taiping Island, as well as the establishment of the Spratly Islands . Management, affiliated with the Guangdong government jurisdiction Management, affiliated with the Guangdong government jurisdiction .
4 '1952 of the Japanese "Taipei Peace Treaty, Japan renounced sovereignty of the Paracels and Spratlys 4 '1952 of the Japanese "Taipei Peace Treaty, Japan renounced sovereignty of the Paracels and Spratlys . Barros in 1956, the navy is to send their troops Liwei, Weiyuan and troops to patrol the Spratly Islands Barros in 1956, the navy is to send their troops Liwei, Weiyuan and troops to patrol the Spratly Islands .
Ningyuan troops three times in the cruise process, a former Taiping Island, Xiyue Island and re - establish the stone tablets, held a flag - raising ceremony, and was renumbered as Nansha, re - tasking Marine Corps garrisoned Taiping Island Ningyuan troops three times in the cruise process, a former Taiping Island, Xiyue Island and re - establish the stone tablets, held a flag - raising ceremony, and was renumbered as Nansha, re - tasking Marine Corps garrisoned Taiping Island . 1. Liwei troops:by Taihe, Taicang two warships, the date is June 2 - June 14
landed three islands: Taiping Island, Xiyue Island landed three islands: Taiping Island, Xiyue Island . patrol and five islands and sandbanks:,, Pagasa, Dun Qian sandbar, key South Island, Goose Island, Yorke patrol and five islands and sandbanks:,, Pagasa, Dun Qian sandbar, key South Island, Goose Island, Yorke .
through three dark sand: Xiaoyao dark sand, dark sand Yongdeng, three reefs: Zhenghe Reef, in the All - China Federation of Industry and the reefs and reef;12 Reefs: Subi Reef, the reef now big, now small reef, Fulu Temple Reef, Key West, in Cay, East Cay, Huayang Reef, on reefs, begets fire reef (reef) Ai, Chang Lai Mengzi reef (reef) and Yang Xin sandbar through three dark sand: Xiaoyao dark sand, dark sand Yongdeng, three reefs: Zhenghe Reef, in the All - China Federation of Industry and the reefs and reef;12 Reefs: Subi Reef, the reef now big, now small reef, Fulu Temple Reef, Key West, in Cay, East Cay, Huayang Reef, on reefs, begets fire reef (reef) Ai, Chang Lai Mengzi reef (reef) and Yang Xin sandbar . 2. Weiyuan forces: by Taikang, Taihe consists of two, after joining in Zhaoqing, the date is June 29 to July 22
successively to Taiping Island, Zhongye Island, Dun Qian sandbar, Xiyue Island, Goose Island, Yorke,, key islands in the south, the south sub - reef (now), the north sub - reef (now) successively to Taiping Island, Zhongye Island, Dun Qian sandbar, Xiyue Island, Goose Island, Yorke,, key islands in the south, the south sub - reef (now), the north sub - reef (now) . 3. Ningyuan forces: by Taihe,guzhang and yongshun warships
date is September 24 - October 5 date is September 24 - October 5 . the end of September to Taiping Island, Goose Island, Yorke, Dun Qian shoal in the South Island to the public in early October, Pagasa, Nanzi Reef, north of the sub - reef the end of September to Taiping Island, Goose Island, Yorke, Dun Qian shoal in the South Island to the public in early October, Pagasa, Nanzi Reef, north of the sub - reef .
'in 1975, the Taiwan government for the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia successively occupy the Spratly Islands, the only legitimate sovereignty over the Nansha Islands published the HKEAA's 'in 1975, the Taiwan government for the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia successively occupy the Spratly Islands, the only legitimate sovereignty over the Nansha Islands published the HKEAA's . 1980 on 12 January, the Ministry of the Interior Secretary to Director Wang Xing Quan on behalf of the German Minister for the passage of water, or visiting the island at the establishment of the Southern Ming "Suoyue stela is located to the west, and to reaffirm the sovereignty of Taiwan in the South China Sea;In the same year 2 on Nov. 16, the Executive Yuan to establish a Management Committee in Kaohsiung, the island's takeover, cijin, kaohsiung membership area
established fisheries workstation, established in 1987 in Taiwan fishermen, the fishermen in order to support various services work says established fisheries workstation, established in 1987 in Taiwan fishermen, the fishermen in order to support various services work says . 12 June 1992, the Ministry of the Interior responsible for the organization of the Nansha group 12 June 1992, the Ministry of the Interior responsible for the organization of the Nansha group .
2000 Jan. 28, the establishment of the Coast Guard took over the island at 2003 On 16 August, the Taiwanese Minister of the Interior Yu Cheng - hsien (Casper Van Dien, vice chairman of the Executive Yuan Zhang Jingsen, Research, Development and Evaluation is the Vice - Chairman Cai Ding Gui, Deputy Director of dry thanks to You,Kaohsiung Deputy Mayor Lin Yongjian etc. and their party said his visit, and held a groundbreaking ceremony for the first satellite the control point setting
'21 January 2008, Taiwan Air Force C - 130 transport aircraft landed on the island for the first time, and on the island are arranged to dispatch teams responsible for the maintenance of the runway;On 2 February, Taiwan president Chen Shui - bian aboard C - 130 transport aircraft at the landing of three twelfths of the Island's condolences to the officers, and preside over the runway of the ceremony, '21 January 2008, Taiwan Air Force C - 130 transport aircraft landed on the island for the first time, and on the island are arranged to dispatch teams responsible for the maintenance of the runway;On 2 February, Taiwan president Chen Shui - bian aboard C - 130 transport aircraft at the landing of three twelfths of the Island's condolences to the officers, and preside over the runway of the ceremony, . says July 12, 2011, and Ocean aboard Navy ships to successfully stage 1996.Desmodium densum "defense: Nansha Youth Camp" to engage in academic research, and at Taiwan President Ma Ying - jeou met
• on Sep. 7, the Executive Yuan, Taiwan's Coast Guard NSC coordinating, jointly with the Ministry of Defence, the Ministry of Economic Affairs) in Taiwan.Botanical exploration to build a solar photovoltaic system, low - carbon planning in the South China Sea islands 'in August 2012,Taiwan will be issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the island to conduct military exercises at the National Security Council (NSC) Secretary General Hu Wei - 'in August 2012,Taiwan will be issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the island to conduct military exercises at the National Security Council (NSC) Secretary General Hu Wei - .
with interior minister lee hong - led patrol and Taiping Island, and aboard the Exodus of Zhongzhou Reef to with interior minister lee hong - led patrol and Taiping Island, and aboard the Exodus of Zhongzhou Reef to . Vietnamese sovereignty ", state news agency criticized the Taiwan government undermine regional peace, while the island to stop military exercises Vietnamese sovereignty ", state news agency criticized the Taiwan government undermine regional peace, while the island to stop military exercises .
5 'August 17, 2012, some scholars in the print media to the Taiwan government recommendation letter, take active actions to respond to the situation in the South China Sea 5 'August 17, 2012, some scholars in the print media to the Taiwan government recommendation letter, take active actions to respond to the situation in the South China Sea . existing CGA strength may be insufficient in its defense, it shall reinstate that Party's Marine Corps stationed in the South China Sea, which level to promote to the divisional headquarters of existing CGA strength may be insufficient in its defense, it shall reinstate that Party's Marine Corps stationed in the South China Sea, which level to promote to the divisional headquarters of .
restored" Regierungsbezirk "of the institution,under the "Nanhai" (municipal), set up the "Eastern Desert" and "Nansha District" restored" Regierungsbezirk "of the institution,under the "Nanhai" (municipal), set up the "Eastern Desert" and "Nansha District" . and positive development, including regional seas and islands and scientific research, exploitation of resources, marine leisure and sightseeing activities like and positive development, including regional seas and islands and scientific research, exploitation of resources, marine leisure and sightseeing activities like .
'in September 2012, the Taiwanese Coast Guard conducted a routine live - fire in Taiping Island, is the first time in 50 years, a lawmaker from the ruling party and opposition are 'in September 2012, the Taiwanese Coast Guard conducted a routine live - fire in Taiping Island, is the first time in 50 years, a lawmaker from the ruling party and opposition are . action on satisfaction and comfort staying on island, plus the vegetables to the Jin army is affirmative of action on satisfaction and comfort staying on island, plus the vegetables to the Jin army is affirmative of .

Brunei

Though not claiming the sovereignty of the islands, but claims on the continental shelf near the economic waters, 1984 statement including Nantong Reef, Nansha sea area and sea area with (300 square kilometers, Ma overlap) Though not claiming the sovereignty of the islands, but claims on the continental shelf near the economic waters, 1984 statement including Nantong Reef, Nansha sea area and sea area with (300 square kilometers, Ma overlap) .

Indonesia

without the island dispute, continental shelf waters of the economy of China after the nine - dotted line, which includes a natural - gas field without the island dispute, continental shelf waters of the economy of China after the nine - dotted line, which includes a natural - gas field .

Malaysia

from which the territorial waters of the continental shelf of the scribe line, and control of its alleged within the territorial waters of the projectile on the reef development undertakings active in action and to make a profit.

Philippines

who fought between 1946 and 1947, in the reign of ordinary folk as well as numerous trips to the Philippines in the Nansha Islands sea area survey and who fought between 1946 and 1947, in the reign of ordinary folk as well as numerous trips to the Philippines in the Nansha Islands sea area survey and . 'on 29 April 1946, the Philippines' College of No. 4 boat to the island to perform activities 8
' in 1950, with representatives of civil society and began the development of the island and other islands, the exploitation of phosphorite and ' in 1950, with representatives of civil society and began the development of the island and other islands, the exploitation of phosphorite and . says 1 March 1956, the Philippine civil maritime school founded and led the 40 - man expedition, from Manila will depart for the waters of the Spratly Islands Adventure, "and landed at the north end of the sub - reef, Nanzi Reef, Island, a key South Island, Xiyue Island, Taiping Island, Dun Qian sandbar, Hung Yorke Island,) for the nine main islands, the Islands were erected "occupation", and the ministry of foreign affairs of the Philippines declared the islands at the says 1 March 1956, the Philippine civil maritime school founded and led the 40 - man expedition, from Manila will depart for the waters of the Spratly Islands Adventure, "and landed at the north end of the sub - reef, Nanzi Reef, Island, a key South Island, Xiyue Island, Taiping Island, Dun Qian sandbar, Hung Yorke Island,) for the nine main islands, the Islands were erected "occupation", and the ministry of foreign affairs of the Philippines declared the islands at the .
he renamed the islands, the island at McArthur Island (named MacArthur as the Far Eastern Army, former Commander - in - Chief Allied commander - in - chief), named for the island Ramon (Ramon Ramon magsaysay award for former Philippine president), Xiyue Island, Ross Island named card (Carlos Garcia is a former Philippine Vice - President and Minister for Foreign Affairs), the other 50 isles and reefs also has a new name's he renamed the islands, the island at McArthur Island (named MacArthur as the Far Eastern Army, former Commander - in - Chief Allied commander - in - chief), named for the island Ramon (Ramon Ramon magsaysay award for former Philippine president), Xiyue Island, Ross Island named card (Carlos Garcia is a former Philippine Vice - President and Minister for Foreign Affairs), the other 50 isles and reefs also has a new name's . 1956 on March 17, a maritime school founder Thomas Crowe horses named islands"Kalayaan" (Freedom Land, freely) 1956 on March 17, a maritime school founder Thomas Crowe horses named islands"Kalayaan" (Freedom Land, freely) .
's 1956 on May 11, Chloe Ma in each island country flag, officially declared The right to receive, and self - styled president freely, at the same time invited Frederick Morton Meads (English: Frederick Morton) as honorary king 9 's 1956 on May 11, Chloe Ma in each island country flag, officially declared The right to receive, and self - styled president freely, at the same time invited Frederick Morton Meads (English: Frederick Morton) as honorary king 9 . 4 later, Chloe Ma issued "Declaration of the World" (English: Notice to the Whole World, announced the discovery of the Nansha Islands and occupied an area of around 64976. IV. the field of 33 isles and reefs,sandbars, beaches, coral reefs and fishing areas, named as" freely ", and as president, while hired Frederick Morton Meads (English: Frederick Morton) and honor the king
9 's 1956 on May 19, 2008, the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Philippines declared the Kalayaan preemption claims over 9 's 1956 on May 19, 2008, the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Philippines declared the Kalayaan preemption claims over . in the Philippine Foreign Minister Carlos Garcia, with the backing of the Loma to who first spotted the islands by reason of the Philippines in the Nansha sovereignty, emphasizing the civilian to preempt, demanded that the Philippine Government on the protection of in the Philippine Foreign Minister Carlos Garcia, with the backing of the Loma to who first spotted the islands by reason of the Philippines in the Nansha sovereignty, emphasizing the civilian to preempt, demanded that the Philippine Government on the protection of .
' s 1956 on May 31,Crowe, Ma announced the establishment of the Free State (English: Free Territory of ' s 1956 on May 31,Crowe, Ma announced the establishment of the Free State (English: Free Territory of . 's 1956) on 9 June, Chloe immediately book, representing the Republic of China for the respect, pointing out an exploration 's 1956) on 9 June, Chloe immediately book, representing the Republic of China for the respect, pointing out an exploration .
' on July 6, 1956, Ma announced free government capital to Pagasa (also refer to the end) ' on July 6, 1956, Ma announced free government capital to Pagasa (also refer to the end) . freely government then enacted a law, the preparation of the national anthem and the flag's design freely government then enacted a law, the preparation of the national anthem and the flag's design .
1956 on Dec. 14, the horse to the Philippine President Ramon magsaysay award petition,Kalayaan request free territory became a protectorate of the Philippines 29, the Philippine government declared its acceptance of the request of Ma Chloe 29, the Philippine government declared its acceptance of the request of Ma Chloe .
15 February 1957, the Philippine government announced Chloe 15 February 1957, the Philippine government announced Chloe . Letters of Ma's 1971, the Philippines announced that the Philippines actually licensed 8 islands as Karajan (Tagalog:) belongs to the so - called non - China's Nansha Islands, nor is anyone of sovereignty, the territorial sea line Letters of Ma's 1971, the Philippines announced that the Philippines actually licensed 8 islands as Karajan (Tagalog:) belongs to the so - called non - China's Nansha Islands, nor is anyone of sovereignty, the territorial sea line .
• March 1972, the Philippine national committee on the seabed and the "free" • March 1972, the Philippine national committee on the seabed and the "free" . 's territorial claims on 28 July 1972,to the Philippine government is free to pre - empt claims 's territorial claims on 28 July 1972,to the Philippine government is free to pre - empt claims .
. 1974 on 5 February, Ma announced he would forgo a claim over the Nansha Islands, but he will maintain its" commonwealth "and the remaining islands Cro - will be announced thereafter regime becomes a principality, self - styled Prince, that country has freely principality" (English: of) Cro - will be announced thereafter regime becomes a principality, self - styled Prince, that country has freely principality" (English: of) .
8 January 1974, the 71 - year - old Cro announced his resignation as Head of State's title, it passed to John de Mariveles B,Government subsequently announced its team of a country has called Colonia kingdom (English: Kingdom of Colonia) 8 January 1974, the 71 - year - old Cro announced his resignation as Head of State's title, it passed to John de Mariveles B,Government subsequently announced its team of a country has called Colonia kingdom (English: Kingdom of Colonia) . November, Cro with Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos ordered the arrest, and deliver to the court - martial trial, because he once proclaimed the Republic of the Philippines of "Admiral", is accused of swindling g November, Cro with Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos ordered the arrest, and deliver to the court - martial trial, because he once proclaimed the Republic of the Philippines of "Admiral", is accused of swindling g .
Rome was forced to sign a certificate, a Philippine peso to the price of their kingdom and sold to the Philippines, in exchange for his freedom, Colonia Rome was forced to sign a certificate, a Philippine peso to the price of their kingdom and sold to the Philippines, in exchange for his freedom, Colonia . kingdom of King, the Prime Minister, Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines that confronts men such as wanted and fled to Malaysia in Sabah Labuan island,formed a government - in - exile says kingdom of King, the Prime Minister, Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines that confronts men such as wanted and fled to Malaysia in Sabah Labuan island,formed a government - in - exile says .
10, 2011, the Philippine government through official documents in the so - called "Sea" into the "West Philippine Sea" 10, 2011, the Philippine government through official documents in the so - called "Sea" into the "West Philippine Sea" . • 2012, Philippine President Benigno S Aquino III, dated October 29 to the Order, officially named the South China Sea the "West Philippine Sea" • 2012, Philippine President Benigno S Aquino III, dated October 29 to the Order, officially named the South China Sea the "West Philippine Sea" .
this executive order 2012 5 September complete this executive order 2012 5 September complete .

Viet Nam

considered to be the history and theory of the continental shelf of the South and within all of the island, its history as the reason for France in 1930, and has said it has all of the Spratly Islands sovereignty considered to be the history and theory of the continental shelf of the South and within all of the island, its history as the reason for France in 1930, and has said it has all of the Spratly Islands sovereignty . Vietnam currently controls the majority of the islands and reefs, and claimed in 1974 with the naval battle of the People's Republic of China in Mainland China occupied the Paracel islands, who runs the media site Vietnam currently controls the majority of the islands and reefs, and claimed in 1974 with the naval battle of the People's Republic of China in Mainland China occupied the Paracel islands, who runs the media site .
Vietnam (. vn) 2012, September 12, the Viet Nam Ministry of Education and the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth League before signing for 2012 - 2013 academic year plan of cooperation memorandum ",to enhance the provision of more students in the South China Sea (East) to convey the message's May 26, 2014, Vietnam's official website issued a statement, said about 40 Chinese mainland fishing boat reported seized off Vietnam's exclusive economic zone, fishing boats surrounded the Vietnamese ships, and sank a Vietnamese fishing boat May 26, 2014, Vietnam's official website issued a statement, said about 40 Chinese mainland fishing boat reported seized off Vietnam's exclusive economic zone, fishing boats surrounded the Vietnamese ships, and sank a Vietnamese fishing boat .
Vietnam's Foreign Ministry protested the Vietnamese ships collided with Chinese ships in the field, and the use of water cannons, causing some Vietnamese personnel injured, reiterated China's mainland exploration drilling platform is position in Vietnam's 200 - nautical - mile exclusive economic zone and continental shelf within Vietnam's Foreign Ministry protested the Vietnamese ships collided with Chinese ships in the field, and the use of water cannons, causing some Vietnamese personnel injured, reiterated China's mainland exploration drilling platform is position in Vietnam's 200 - nautical - mile exclusive economic zone and continental shelf within . Vietnamese media said the Chinese mainland have clashed with Vietnamese fishing boats" DNa90152 "from Danang,In Vietnam's exclusive Chinese mainland fishing boat reported seized 40 vessels were surrounded, the Chinese mainland fishing boat "11,209" the ship suddenly crashed into a Vietnamese fishing boat with a crew of 10, followed by Vietnamese fishing boat sank in the vicinity of a Vietnamese fishing boat rescued 10 sailors Vietnamese media said the Chinese mainland have clashed with Vietnamese fishing boats" DNa90152 "from Danang,In Vietnam's exclusive Chinese mainland fishing boat reported seized 40 vessels were surrounded, the Chinese mainland fishing boat "11,209" the ship suddenly crashed into a Vietnamese fishing boat with a crew of 10, followed by Vietnamese fishing boat sank in the vicinity of a Vietnamese fishing boat rescued 10 sailors .