介紹
S3C44BOX 是在國內廣泛使用的Samsung公司的基於ARM7TDMI核心的SoC。該晶片功能強大，為手持設備和一般類型套用提供了高性價比和高性能的微控制器解決方案。它的低功耗和出色的全靜態設計特別適用於對成本和功耗敏感的套用。
SAMSUNG公司推出的16、32位RISC處理器S3C44BOX為手持設備和一般類型套用提供了高性價比和高性能的微控制器解決方案。為了降低成本，S3C44BOX提供了豐富的內置部件，包括8KBCache和內部SRAM,LCD控制器，帶自動握手的2通道UART，4通道DMA，系統管理器（片選邏輯，FP/EDO/SDRAM控制器）。帶PWM功能的5通道定時器和一個內部定時器，I/O連線埠，RTC，8通道10位ADC，IIC_BUS 接口，IIS_BUS接口，同步SIO接口和PLL倍頻器。
啟動代碼
;*******************************************************
; * NAME : 44BINIT.S *
; * Version : 10.JAn.2003 *
; * Description: *
; * C start up codes *
; * Configure memory, Initialize ISR ,stacks *
; * Initialize C-variables *
; * Fill zeros into zero-initialized C-variables *
;*******************************************************
GET ..\inc\option.s
GET ..\inc\memcfg.s
;Interrupt Control
INTPND EQU 0x01e00004
INTMOD EQU 0x01e00008
INTMSK EQU 0x01e0000c
I_ISPR EQU 0x01e00020
I_CMST EQU 0x01e0001c
;Watchdog timer
WTCON EQU 0x01d30000
;Clock Controller
PLLCON EQU 0x01d80000
CLKCON EQU 0x01d80004
LOCKTIME EQU 0x01d8000c
;Memory Controller
REFRESH EQU 0x01c80024
;Pre-defined constants
USERMODE EQU 0x10
FIQMODE EQU 0x11
IRQMODE EQU 0x12
SVCMODE EQU 0x13
ABORTMODE EQU 0x17
UNDEFMODE EQU 0x1b
MODEMASK EQU 0x1f
NOINT EQU 0xc0
;check if tasm.exe is used.
GBLL THUMBCODE
[ {CONFIG} = 16
THUMBCODE SETL {TRUE}
CODE32
|
THUMBCODE SETL {FALSE}
]
[ THUMBCODE
CODE32 ;for start-up code for Thumb mode
]
MACRO
$HandlerLabel HANDLER $HandleLabel
$HandlerLabel
sub sp,sp,#4 ;decrement sp(to store jump address)
stmfd sp!,{r0} ;PUSH the work register to stack(lr doest push because it return to original address)
ldr r0,=$HandleLabel;load the address of HandleXXX to r0
ldr r0,[r0] ;load the contents(service routine start address) of HandleXXX
str r0,[sp,#4] ;store the contents(ISR) of HandleXXX to stack
ldmfd sp!,{r0,pc} ;POP the work register and pc(jump to ISR)
MEND
IMPORT |Image$$RO$$Limit| ; End of ROM code (=start of ROM data)
IMPORT |Image$$RW$$Base| ; Base of RAM to initialise
IMPORT |Image$$ZI$$Base| ; Base and limit of area
IMPORT |Image$$ZI$$Limit| ; to zero initialise
IMPORT Main ; The main entry of mon program
AREA Init,CODE,READONLY
ENTRY
b ResetHandler ;for debug
b HandlerUndef ;handlerUndef
b HandlerSWI ;SWI interrupt handler
b HandlerPabort ;handlerPAbort
b HandlerDabort ;handlerDAbort
b . ;handlerReserved
b HandlerIRQ
b HandlerFIQ
;***IMPORTANT NOTE***
;If the H/W vectored interrutp mode is enabled, The above two instructions should
;be changed like below, to work-around with H/W bug of S3C44B0X interrupt controller.
; b HandlerIRQ -> subs pc,lr,#4
; b HandlerIRQ -> subs pc,lr,#4
VECTOR_BRANCH
ldr pc,=HandlerEINT0 ;mGA H/W interrupt vector table
ldr pc,=HandlerEINT1 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerEINT2 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerEINT3 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerEINT4567 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerTICK ;mGA
b .
b .
ldr pc,=HandlerZDMA0 ;mGB
ldr pc,=HandlerZDMA1 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerBDMA0 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerBDMA1 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerWDT ;
ldr pc,=HandlerUERR01 ;mGB
b .
b .
ldr pc,=HandlerTIMER0 ;mGC
ldr pc,=HandlerTIMER1 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerTIMER2 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerTIMER3 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerTIMER4 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerTIMER5 ;mGC
b .
b .
ldr pc,=HandlerURXD0 ;mGD
ldr pc,=HandlerURXD1 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerIIC ;
ldr pc,=HandlerSIO ;
ldr pc,=HandlerUTXD0 ;
ldr pc,=HandlerUTXD1 ;mGD
b .
b .
ldr pc,=HandlerRTC ;mGKA
b . ;
b . ;
b . ;
b . ;
b . ;mGKA
b .
b .
ldr pc,=HandlerADC ;mGKB
b . ;
b . ;
b . ;
b . ;
b . ;mGKB
b .
b .
ldr pc,=EnterPWDN
EXPORT outportw
outportw strh r0, [r1]
mov pc, lr
EXPORT outportl
outportl str r0, [r1]
mov pc, lr
EXPORT inportw
inportw ldrh r0, [r0]
mov pc, lr
EXPORT inportl
inportl ldr r0, [r0]
mov pc, lr
LTORG
HandlerFIQ HANDLER HandleFIQ
HandlerIRQ HANDLER HandleIRQ
HandlerUndef HANDLER HandleUndef
HandlerSWI HANDLER HandleSWI
HandlerDabort HANDLER HandleDabort
HandlerPabort HANDLER HandlePabort
HandlerADC HANDLER HandleADC
HandlerRTC HANDLER HandleRTC
HandlerUTXD1 HANDLER HandleUTXD1
HandlerUTXD0 HANDLER HandleUTXD0
HandlerSIO HANDLER HandleSIO
HandlerIIC HANDLER HandleIIC
HandlerURXD1 HANDLER HandleURXD1
HandlerURXD0 HANDLER HandleURXD0
HandlerTIMER5 HANDLER HandleTIMER5
HandlerTIMER4 HANDLER HandleTIMER4
HandlerTIMER3 HANDLER HandleTIMER3
HandlerTIMER2 HANDLER HandleTIMER2
HandlerTIMER1 HANDLER HandleTIMER1
HandlerTIMER0 HANDLER HandleTIMER0
HandlerUERR01 HANDLER HandleUERR01
HandlerWDT HANDLER HandleWDT
HandlerBDMA1 HANDLER HandleBDMA1
HandlerBDMA0 HANDLER HandleBDMA0
HandlerZDMA1 HANDLER HandleZDMA1
HandlerZDMA0 HANDLER HandleZDMA0
HandlerTICK HANDLER HandleTICK
HandlerEINT4567 HANDLER HandleEINT4567
HandlerEINT3 HANDLER HandleEINT3
HandlerEINT2 HANDLER HandleEINT2
HandlerEINT1 HANDLER HandleEINT1
HandlerEINT0 HANDLER HandleEINT0
;One of the following two routines can be used for non-vectored interrupt.
IsrIRQ ;using I_ISPR register.
sub sp,sp,#4 ;reserved for PC
stmfd sp!,{r8-r9}
;IMPORTANT CAUTION
;if I_ISPC isnt used properly, I_ISPR can be 0 in this routine.
ldr r9,=I_ISPR
ldr r9,[r9]
mov r8,#0x0
0
movs r9,r9,lsr #1
bcs %F1
add r8,r8,#4
b %B0
1
ldr r9,=HandleADC
add r9,r9,r8
ldr r9,[r9]
str r9,[sp,#8]
ldmfd sp!,{r8-r9,pc}
;****************************************************
;* START *
;****************************************************
ResetHandler
ldr r0,=WTCON ;watch dog disable
ldr r1,=0x0
str r1,[r0]
ldr r0,=INTMSK
ldr r1,=0x07ffffff ;all interrupt disable
str r1,[r0]
;****************************************************
;* Set clock control registers *
;****************************************************
ldr r0,=LOCKTIME
ldr r1,=800 ; count = t_lock * Fin (t_lock=200us, Fin=4MHz) = 800
str r1,[r0]
[ PLLONSTART
ldr r0,=PLLCON ;temporary setting of PLL
ldr r1,=((M_DIV<<12)+(P_DIV<<4)+S_DIV) ;Fin=10MHz,Fout=40MHz
str r1,[r0]
]
ldr r0,=CLKCON
ldr r1,=0x7ff8 ;All unit block CLK enable
str r1,[r0]
;****************************************************
;* Set memory control registers *
;****************************************************
ldr r0,=SMRDATA
ldmia r0,{r1-r13}
ldr r0,=0x01c80000 ;BWSCON Address
stmia r0,{r1-r13}
;****************************************************
;* Initialize stacks *
;****************************************************
ldr sp, =SVCStack ;Why?
bl InitStacks
;****************************************************
;* Setup IRQ handler *
;****************************************************
ldr r0,=HandleIRQ ;This routine is needed
ldr r1,=IsrIRQ ;if there isn't 'subs pc,lr,#4 at 0x18, 0x1c
str r1,[r0]
;********************************************************
;* Copy and paste RW data/zero initialized data *
;********************************************************
ldr r0, =|Image$$RO$$Limit| ; Get pointer to ROM data
ldr r1, =|Image$$RW$$Base| ; and RAM copy
ldr r3, =|Image$$ZI$$Base|
;Zero init base => top of initialised data
cmp r0, r1 ; Check that they are different
beq %F1
0
cmp r1, r3 ; Copy init data
ldrcc r2, [r0], #4 ;--> LDRCC r2, [r0] + ADD r0, r0, #4
strcc r2, [r1], #4 ;--> STRCC r2, [r1] + ADD r1, r1, #4
bcc %B0
1
ldr r1, =|Image$$ZI$$Limit| ; Top of zero init segment
mov r2, #0
2
cmp r3, r1 ; Zero init
strcc r2, [r3], #4
bcc %B2
[ :LNOT:THUMBCODE
BL Main ;Dont use main()
B .
]
[ THUMBCODE ;for start-up code for Thumb mode
orr lr,pc,#1
bx lr
CODE16
bl Main ;Dont use main()
b .
CODE32
]
;****************************************************
;* The function for initializing stack *
;****************************************************
InitStacks
;Dont use DRAM,such as stmfd,ldmfd......
;SVCstack is initialized before
;Under toolkit ver 2.50, 'msr cpsr,r1' can be used instead of 'msr cpsr_cxsf,r1'
mrs r0,cpsr
bic r0,r0,#MODEMASK
orr r1,r0,#UNDEFMODE|NOINT
msr cpsr_cxsf,r1 ;UndefMode
ldr sp,=UndefStack
orr r1,r0,#ABORTMODE|NOINT
msr cpsr_cxsf,r1 ;AbortMode
ldr sp,=AbortStack
orr r1,r0,#IRQMODE|NOINT
msr cpsr_cxsf,r1 ;IRQMode
ldr sp,=IRQStack
orr r1,r0,#FIQMODE|NOINT
msr cpsr_cxsf,r1 ;FIQMode
ldr sp,=FIQStack
bic r0,r0,#MODEMASK|NOINT
orr r1,r0,#SVCMODE
msr cpsr_cxsf,r1 ;SVCMode
ldr sp,=SVCStack
;USER mode is not initialized.
mov pc,lr ;The LR register may be not valid for the mode changes.
;****************************************************
;* The function for entering power down mode *
;****************************************************
;void EnterPWDN(int CLKCON);
EnterPWDN
mov r2,r0 ;r0=CLKCON
ldr r0,=REFRESH
ldr r3,[r0]
mov r1, r3
orr r1, r1, #0x400000 ;self-refresh enable
str r1, [r0]
nop ;Wait until self-refresh is issued. May not be needed.
nop ;If the other bus master holds the bus, ...
nop ; mov r0, r0
nop
nop
nop
nop
;enter POWERDN mode
ldr r0,=CLKCON
str r2,[r0]
;wait until enter SL_IDLE,STOP mode and until wake-up
mov r0,#0xff
0 subs r0,r0,#1
bne %B0
;exit from DRAM/SDRAM self refresh mode.
ldr r0,=REFRESH
str r3,[r0]
mov pc,lr
LTORG
SMRDATA DATA
;*****************************************************************
;* Memory configuration has to be optimized for best performance *
;* The following parameter is not optimized. *
;*****************************************************************
;*** memory access cycle parameter strategy ***
; 1) Even FP-DRAM, EDO setting has more late fetch point by half-clock
; 2) The memory settings,here, are made the safe parameters even at 66Mhz.
; 3) FP-DRAM Parameters:tRCD=3 for tRAC, tcas=2 for pad delay, tcp=2 for bus load.
; 4) DRAM refresh rate is for 40Mhz.
DCD 0x11001101 ;Bank0=OM[1:0], Bank1~Bank7=16bit, bank235=8bit;
DCD ((B0_Tacs<<13)+(B0_Tcos<<11)+(B0_Tacc<<8)+(B0_Tcoh<<6)+(B0_Tah<<4)+(B0_Tacp<<2)+(B0_PMC)) ;GCS0
DCD ((B1_Tacs<<13)+(B1_Tcos<<11)+(B1_Tacc<<8)+(B1_Tcoh<<6)+(B1_Tah<<4)+(B1_Tacp<<2)+(B1_PMC)) ;GCS1
DCD ((B2_Tacs<<13)+(B2_Tcos<<11)+(B2_Tacc<<8)+(B2_Tcoh<<6)+(B2_Tah<<4)+(B2_Tacp<<2)+(B2_PMC)) ;GCS2
DCD ((B3_Tacs<<13)+(B3_Tcos<<11)+(B3_Tacc<<8)+(B3_Tcoh<<6)+(B3_Tah<<4)+(B3_Tacp<<2)+(B3_PMC)) ;GCS3
DCD ((B4_Tacs<<13)+(B4_Tcos<<11)+(B4_Tacc<<8)+(B4_Tcoh<<6)+(B4_Tah<<4)+(B4_Tacp<<2)+(B4_PMC)) ;GCS4
DCD ((B5_Tacs<<13)+(B5_Tcos<<11)+(B5_Tacc<<8)+(B5_Tcoh<<6)+(B5_Tah<<4)+(B5_Tacp<<2)+(B5_PMC)) ;GCS5
DCD ((B6_MT<<15)+(B6_Trcd<<2)+(B6_SCAN)) ;GCS6
DCD ((B7_MT<<15)+(B7_Trcd<<2)+(B7_SCAN)) ;GCS7
DCD ((REFEN<<23)+(TREFMD<<22)+(Trp<<20)+(Trc<<18)+(Tchr<<16)+REFCNT) ;REFRESH RFEN=1, TREFMD=0, trp=3clk, trc=5clk, tchr=3clk,count=1019
DCD 0x16 ;SCLK power mode, BANKSIZE 32M/32M
DCD 0x20 ;MRSR6 CL=2clk
DCD 0x20 ;MRSR7
ALIGN
AREA RamData, DATA, READWRITE
^ (_ISR_STARTADDRESS-0x500)
UserStack # 256 ;c1(c7)ffa00
SVCStack # 256 ;c1(c7)ffb00
UndefStack # 256 ;c1(c7)ffc00
AbortStack # 256 ;c1(c7)ffd00
IRQStack # 256 ;c1(c7)ffe00
FIQStack # 0 ;c1(c7)fff00
^ _ISR_STARTADDRESS
HandleReset # 4
HandleUndef # 4
HandleSWI # 4
HandlePabort # 4
HandleDabort # 4
HandleReserved # 4
HandleIRQ # 4
HandleFIQ # 4
;Don't use the label 'IntVectorTable',
;because armasm.exe cann't recognize this label correctly.
;the value is different with an address you think it may be.
;IntVectorTable
HandleADC # 4
HandleRTC # 4
HandleUTXD1 # 4
HandleUTXD0 # 4
HandleSIO # 4
HandleIIC # 4
HandleURXD1 # 4
HandleURXD0 # 4
HandleTIMER5 # 4
HandleTIMER4 # 4
HandleTIMER3 # 4
HandleTIMER2 # 4
HandleTIMER1 # 4
HandleTIMER0 # 4
HandleUERR01 # 4
HandleWDT # 4
HandleBDMA1 # 4
HandleBDMA0 # 4
HandleZDMA1 # 4
HandleZDMA0 # 4
HandleTICK # 4
HandleEINT4567 # 4
HandleEINT3 # 4
HandleEINT2 # 4
HandleEINT1 # 4
HandleEINT0 # 4 ;0xc1(c7)fff84
END
