Overview
Huaihe River originates in Tongbai Mountain, Henan Province, Tulipa fork, east through Henan, Anhui, and Jiangsu, Huai River downstream of the three mainstream water via Huaihe River originates in Tongbai Mountain, Henan Province, Tulipa fork, east through Henan, Anhui, and Jiangsu, Huai River downstream of the three mainstream water via . Sanhe Gate, a Sanhe, Baoying Lake, Gaoyou Lake in the Yangtze River, is the water way, the volume of air is about 1, 000 kilometres;Hongze Lake in the east and the other is out of the gate, via the North Jiangsu Irrigation Canal and Huai river sea - entryway of a pole into the Yellow Sea Port, the total length of 163 km;third in Hongze Lake in the north - east out of Erhe River Sluice, Lianyungang City northward, through temporary injection of Hongkou Haizhou Sanhe Gate, a Sanhe, Baoying Lake, Gaoyou Lake in the Yangtze River, is the water way, the volume of air is about 1, 000 kilometres;Hongze Lake in the east and the other is out of the gate, via the North Jiangsu Irrigation Canal and Huai river sea - entryway of a pole into the Yellow Sea Port, the total length of 163 km;third in Hongze Lake in the north - east out of Erhe River Sluice, Lianyungang City northward, through temporary injection of Hongkou Haizhou .
1 Huaihe River can be divided into upstream, midstream, downstream of the three parts 1 Huaihe River can be divided into upstream, midstream, downstream of the three parts . has many tributaries, the history of Huai River is a ladder off from Huaian Duliujian river entered the sea has many tributaries, the history of Huai River is a ladder off from Huaian Duliujian river entered the sea .
Yihe, Shuhe River, Huaihe River is a tributary of the Huaihe River and Qinling downstream Yihe, Shuhe River, Huaihe River is a tributary of the Huaihe River and Qinling downstream . together constitute China's geographical boundaries, in the north of the north, the south side of the south months together constitute China's geographical boundaries, in the north of the north, the south side of the south months .
1 is at 0 and 800 mm annual precipitation and the like) is substantially along the Huaihe River and Qinling - Huaihe 1 is at 0 and 800 mm annual precipitation and the like) is substantially along the Huaihe River and Qinling - Huaihe . distribution along with the main city of Nanyang, Xinyang, Fuyang, Liuan, Huainan, Bengbu and Chuzhou,Huaian, Yancheng distribution along with the main city of Nanyang, Xinyang, Fuyang, Liuan, Huainan, Bengbu and Chuzhou,Huaian, Yancheng .
addition to Chuzhou, Yancheng, Huaian and popular Jianghuai Mandarin, the rest of the north district of Zhongyuan mandarin addition to Chuzhou, Yancheng, Huaian and popular Jianghuai Mandarin, the rest of the north district of Zhongyuan mandarin . Huaihe - north of the Huaihe River as the North China Plain (plain), south of the Yangtze River Plain () Jiangsu Jianghuai Plain in the south of the Huaihe River and the Yangtze River to the area called the plain, the main city of Huaian, Yancheng, Yangzhou, Taizhou and Nantong Huaihe - north of the Huaihe River as the North China Plain (plain), south of the Yangtze River Plain () Jiangsu Jianghuai Plain in the south of the Huaihe River and the Yangtze River to the area called the plain, the main city of Huaian, Yancheng, Yangzhou, Taizhou and Nantong .
Historical Evolution
Early in the Warring States Period (475 - 221 BC), the one of the earliest classics of the history and geography of the "Yu Gong" with a reference to the Huai River from Tongbai "Early in the Warring States Period (475 - 221 BC), the one of the earliest classics of the history and geography of the "Yu Gong" with a reference to the Huai River from Tongbai ". precisely, the Huaihe River originates in Tongbai County, Henan Province, the territory of the Tongbai Mountain Taibai Mountain with a peak top (also called large complex peak) precisely, the Huaihe River originates in Tongbai County, Henan Province, the territory of the Tongbai Mountain Taibai Mountain with a peak top (also called large complex peak) .
by numerous creeks and rejoins the river to the west of the city of Tongbai County and 15 kilometers in the temple town of solid, formed starting riverbed by numerous creeks and rejoins the river to the west of the city of Tongbai County and 15 kilometers in the temple town of solid, formed starting riverbed . therefore, history, the temple of the Huai River is regarded as solid source therefore, history, the temple of the Huai River is regarded as solid source .
Huaihe Water Conservancy, which has a long history of 600 years ago, in the Pi River and tributaries of the East River between the depression, ring dyke impounding, the famous ancient inscriptions of yanshenggong Huaihe Water Conservancy, which has a long history of 600 years ago, in the Pi River and tributaries of the East River between the depression, ring dyke impounding, the famous ancient inscriptions of yanshenggong .,Dyke perimeter blow A hundred leagues to vary between ,Dyke perimeter blow A hundred leagues to vary between .
in 486 BC, I dug through the Han River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River opens between the shipping years in 486 BC, I dug through the Han River, Huaihe River and Yangtze River opens between the shipping years . BC 482, and opened a chasm, Surabaya by tributaries of the Huaihe River, Yellow River reaches BC 482, and opened a chasm, Surabaya by tributaries of the Huaihe River, Yellow River reaches .
AD 605 years, the building of the Tongji, diversion from the Yellow River in Sizhou Huaishui AD 605 years, the building of the Tongji, diversion from the Yellow River in Sizhou Huaishui . into these ancient canal on the north - south transportation plays an important role for the into these ancient canal on the north - south transportation plays an important role for the .
transgression in the Yellow River - Huai River, the Huaihe River frequently floods of the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) transgression in the Yellow River - Huai River, the Huaihe River frequently floods of the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644) . Pan Jixun presided over rivers and watercourses, in the periphery of the embankment of Hongze Lake, Huaihe River to water - storage nano, attempt to "clean - and - yellow" (using the brush Deep in Water ofHuaihe River Reach of the Yellow River) to maintain the water transport of grain, but have not achieved the desired effect later Pan Jixun presided over rivers and watercourses, in the periphery of the embankment of Hongze Lake, Huaihe River to water - storage nano, attempt to "clean - and - yellow" (using the brush Deep in Water ofHuaihe River Reach of the Yellow River) to maintain the water transport of grain, but have not achieved the desired effect later .
,Yang Kui presided over rivers and watercourses, the Huaihe River flood into the canal, and by the Flemish rice into the Yangtze River, Jiang Huai is turned into the beginning of ,Yang Kui presided over rivers and watercourses, the Huaihe River flood into the canal, and by the Flemish rice into the Yangtze River, Jiang Huai is turned into the beginning of . the beginning of the 20th century, he carried out the research of the Huai River by a variety of programmes, including all of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River water introduction portion into the river, the sea and the sea are all part of the programme the beginning of the 20th century, he carried out the research of the Huai River by a variety of programmes, including all of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River water introduction portion into the river, the sea and the sea are all part of the programme .
after 1949, the harnessing of the Huaihe River.Accordingly the development has entered a new era, as well as the establishment of river basin administrative agencies, carried out, the watershed plan and comprehensive harnessing and developing the rivers were opened in 2003 to sea of Huaihe river, downstream from the River Gate, close to the North Jiangsu Irrigation Canal along the northern shore of the sea rivers were opened in 2003 to sea of Huaihe river, downstream from the River Gate, close to the North Jiangsu Irrigation Canal along the northern shore of the sea .
Geographic Location
Located in Huaihe River Basin in eastern China, the Yangtze River and Yellow River valley between the two lies at 55 ~ 120 45, north latitude 31 to 36, the area of its lower reaches of the Huaihe River Located in Huaihe River Basin in eastern China, the Yangtze River and Yellow River valley between the two lies at 55 ~ 120 45, north latitude 31 to 36, the area of its lower reaches of the Huaihe River . 27 square kilometers west of Tongbai Mountains, in the some small scopes of Funiu Mountains, east of the Yellow Sea, the South Dabie Mountains, Anhui Jianghuai Hilly, Xintongyang Canal and as Thai Canal and the southern bank of the Yangtze River, Yellow River and north to the southern bank of the Yellow River Basin and adjacent watersheds 27 square kilometers west of Tongbai Mountains, in the some small scopes of Funiu Mountains, east of the Yellow Sea, the South Dabie Mountains, Anhui Jianghuai Hilly, Xintongyang Canal and as Thai Canal and the southern bank of the Yangtze River, Yellow River and north to the southern bank of the Yellow River Basin and adjacent watersheds .
Yimeng Mountains in the west, southwest and northeast is mountainous, hilly, and the rest is vast plain Yimeng Mountains in the west, southwest and northeast is mountainous, hilly, and the rest is vast plain . mountain and hilly area of the total of the 1 / 3, the plain area of the total area of 2 / 3 mountain and hilly area of the total of the 1 / 3, the plain area of the total area of 2 / 3 .
of the Huaihe River in the north of the vast,aggraded flood plains, ground from northwest to southeast tilt of the Huaihe River in the north of the vast,aggraded flood plains, ground from northwest to southeast tilt . watershed within the mountains, hills and plains, there are numerous and are dotted with lakes, depressions watershed within the mountains, hills and plains, there are numerous and are dotted with lakes, depressions .
Drainage Composition
Mainstream Of Huaihe River
1, of the Huaihe River from west to east, the southern of Henan Province, in central Anhui province, the Hongze Lake in Jiangsu Province is located in the central area of the implant, after being adjusted via the Hongze Lake, the main flow through the water way to Yangzhou's Three Rivers Battalion to the headwaters of the Yangtze River (Changjiang River estuary taken as 1, of the Huaihe River from west to east, the southern of Henan Province, in central Anhui province, the Hongze Lake in Jiangsu Province is located in the central area of the implant, after being adjusted via the Hongze Lake, the main flow through the water way to Yangzhou's Three Rivers Battalion to the headwaters of the Yangtze River (Changjiang River estuary taken as . Hong upstream, 360 km long with a fall of 174m, watershed area of 30,000 km2;to Hongze Lake outlet can be in the middle, long a 490km, fall is 16m, the basin area of 130000 km2;in Sanjiang Ferry to Camp in downstream, 150 km long with a fall of 6m, the valley area of 3 km2 at Hong upstream, 360 km long with a fall of 174m, watershed area of 30,000 km2;to Hongze Lake outlet can be in the middle, long a 490km, fall is 16m, the basin area of 130000 km2;in Sanjiang Ferry to Camp in downstream, 150 km long with a fall of 6m, the valley area of 3 km2 at .
2, Huaihe River tributary area greater than 1 k m2 of Wan, a tributary of 4 greater than 2000k sq. meters and is a tributary of the Sixteen, than 1000k sq. meters and is a tributary of the 21 right - bank tributary of the larger shiguanhe, Pi River, East River, River, and the like;There is a large tributary on the left bank of Hongruhe, Shaying River, River, River, Huihe River, the rockmasss Tong River, Huaihe River and the like in the shiguanhe, Pi River, East River, River, and the like;There is a large tributary on the left bank of Hongruhe, Shaying River, River, River, Huihe River, the rockmasss Tong River, Huaihe River and the like in the .
Bianhe River has many lakes, of which the surface area of about 7000km2, with combined storage capacity of 280 million m3, wherein the utilizable capacity of 60 million m3, of the larger lakes are Lake Jian, Operation and construction of Chengdong, Wabu Lake Hongze, Lake Gaoyou, Baoying Lake, Hongze Lake Bianhe River has many lakes, of which the surface area of about 7000km2, with combined storage capacity of 280 million m3, wherein the utilizable capacity of 60 million m3, of the larger lakes are Lake Jian, Operation and construction of Chengdong, Wabu Lake Hongze, Lake Gaoyou, Baoying Lake, Hongze Lake . is the largest of the lakes, and the transferee in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Huaihe River about 16 million square kilometers of water, in the 12. 5m and the water level when water area reducetion of 11.8km2 2069 km2, 3l 28.87 billion m3,
is one of the 4 largest fresh water lakes, now is a regulation of the Huaihe River floods, farmland irrigation supply, shipping, industrial and domestic water are integrated, a combined power generation, the aquaculture of multipurpose utilization of the design flood level of 16 lakes is one of the 4 largest fresh water lakes, now is a regulation of the Huaihe River floods, farmland irrigation supply, shipping, industrial and domestic water are integrated, a combined power generation, the aquaculture of multipurpose utilization of the design flood level of 16 lakes 0m. The verified flood level is 17 m below the surface, when the check flood level of the corresponding capacity of 135 million m3 
Yi - Shu - Surabaya
Yi - Shu - huai river basin in the north - east of Surabaya, the Yihe, Shuhe and Sihe River, both of which have originated in Yimeng Mountains, through Lu, Su province, covers an area of nearly 8 million Yi - Shu - huai river basin in the north - east of Surabaya, the Yihe, Shuhe and Sihe River, both of which have originated in Yimeng Mountains, through Lu, Su province, covers an area of nearly 8 million . 1 km, the river of river of Shandong's Yiyuan, Yishui, Yi 'nan, Linyi, Tancheng and of Peixian County, Jiangsu Province, such as counties and cities into Luoma lake in Xinyi, full - length 574km Luoma 11600km2 1 km, the river of river of Shandong's Yiyuan, Yishui, Yi 'nan, Linyi, Tancheng and of Peixian County, Jiangsu Province, such as counties and cities into Luoma lake in Xinyi, full - length 574km Luoma 11600km2 .
. The watershed area on the main tributary of the east river, the Mun River, a river Su, Liu Qinghe, Baima The watershed area on the main tributary of the east river, the Mun River, a river Su, Liu Qinghe, Baima .
The Yihe River and the safety of the flood diversion capacity: Linyi Station is a 12,000 cubic meter per second, Li Zhuang station 7000 cubic meters per second,Hua Yi station is 6,000 cubic metres per second The Yihe River and the safety of the flood diversion capacity: Linyi Station is a 12,000 cubic meter per second, Li Zhuang station 7000 cubic meters per second,Hua Yi station is 6,000 cubic metres per second . 2, Shuhe River in Shandong's Yishui River, Ju County, Junan, Linyi, Linshu, Tancheng and Xinyi in Jiangsu Province - - The government of Shuyang county, municipal, and then of Xinyi 2, Shuhe River in Shandong's Yishui River, Ju County, Junan, Linyi, Linshu, Tancheng and Xinyi in Jiangsu Province - - The government of Shuyang county, municipal, and then of Xinyi .
Yihe and Shuhe from 20km to the south and Shuhe rivers parallel to Yihe and Shuhe from 20km to the south and Shuhe rivers parallel to . Nan Tai Guanzhuang Linshu County is divided into two routes of the south branch is at the Old River (also known as the total of the Shuhe River), of which, Development and Implementation of Nan Tai Guanzhuang Linshu County is divided into two routes of the south branch is at the Old River (also known as the total of the Shuhe River), of which, Development and Implementation of .
River is a large tributary of the Yuan River, Crane River, River, River Gao Yu, Liu Qinghe River and Tang River is approximately the total area of the basin like River is a large tributary of the Yuan River, Crane River, River, River Gao Yu, Liu Qinghe River and Tang River is approximately the total area of the basin like . 5970km2 (above) wherein the Guanzhuang 4519km2, 3 300 km long River 5970km2 (above) wherein the Guanzhuang 4519km2, 3 300 km long River .
,Sihe River in Nansihu Lake is the largest railway a mountain torrent, rising in Xintai City in west of Pingdingshan too, flowing through Xintai, swim, qufu, yanzhou, Zouxian, Jining and Weishan county, Nanyang to the outskirts of Jining into a lake, a river is 159 km long with a basin of 2366km2 ,Sihe River in Nansihu Lake is the largest railway a mountain torrent, rising in Xintai City in west of Pingdingshan too, flowing through Xintai, swim, qufu, yanzhou, Zouxian, Jining and Weishan county, Nanyang to the outskirts of Jining into a lake, a river is 159 km long with a basin of 2366km2 . estuary flood discharge capacity of 3600 m3 per second about estuary flood discharge capacity of 3600 m3 per second about .
4, located south of Nansihu Lake in Jining, north Xuzhou, from Nanyang, Zhaoyang, Dushan, and four lakes, named 4, located south of Nansihu Lake in Jining, north Xuzhou, from Nanyang, Zhaoyang, Dushan, and four lakes, named . Nansihu lake 125km long from north to south, and east - west width 6 ~ 25km and lake area of 1266km2,maximum flood control capacity of 54 million m3 Nansihu lake 125km long from north to south, and east - west width 6 ~ 25km and lake area of 1266km2,maximum flood control capacity of 54 million m3 .
1958 in Nansihu Lake waist completed Secondary Hydropower Project, will be divided into two upper and lower stages in Nansi Lake Superior area 602km2 1958 in Nansihu Lake waist completed Secondary Hydropower Project, will be divided into two upper and lower stages in Nansi Lake Superior area 602km2 ., , .
666km2 subordinate lake superior lake flood 36. 5m, the corresponding capacity of 23. 10 million m3;subordinate lake 36. 0m, the capacity of 30 billion m3 and the river empties into Lake Nansihu and the river empties into Lake Nansihu .
53 from the water in Hanzhuang Canal, Yi 'an), can not only prevent the river, the old canal etc) Canal enters the river 5 53 from the water in Hanzhuang Canal, Yi 'an), can not only prevent the river, the old canal etc) Canal enters the river 5 . Luoma, located in Suqian, Jiangsu Province, in Xinyi city at the confluence of the Yihe River and the Canal, the catchment area of 5.12 km2 at
Lake into the river system were the Yihe River, Lake Nansi Hanzhuang Canal and Canal, etc Lake into the river system were the Yihe River, Lake Nansi Hanzhuang Canal and Canal, etc . the design flood level 25 m below the surface, the respective storage 15. 85 billion m3;check flood level of 26. 0m, the corresponding storage 19 billion m3
Water Way
water way from Sanhe Gate to the Jin since Channel Diversion of Gaoyou Lake, Shaobo Lake, and then the honeycomb formed article is Salt Creek, Golden Bay, Taiping, Phoenix, New River empties into the river rice awn, Liao Jia Da Jia River Ditch, three to the Yangtze River, the full - length, design flood flow of 12000 m3 per second water way from Sanhe Gate to the Jin since Channel Diversion of Gaoyou Lake, Shaobo Lake, and then the honeycomb formed article is Salt Creek, Golden Bay, Taiping, Phoenix, New River empties into the river rice awn, Liao Jia Da Jia River Ditch, three to the Yangtze River, the full - length, design flood flow of 12000 m3 per second . Canal: The river had its origin in the Han, after nearly 40 years of renovation several times, has become a comprehensive utilization of riverway Canal: The river had its origin in the Han, after nearly 40 years of renovation several times, has become a comprehensive utilization of riverway .
because in which bleeder Huaihe River flood, which in turn is part of the Beijing - Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Route of the canal from because in which bleeder Huaihe River flood, which in turn is part of the Beijing - Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Route of the canal from . Zhuang Yang to Jiangdu, the canal's length Zhuang Yang to Jiangdu, the canal's length .
159 km have been built on both banks of the embankment,its west bank, i.e. the water way of the east bank, a defence of the Huaihe River flood, the ensure the security of task in Lixiahe Region, North Jiangsu Irrigation Canal: the use of Hongze Lake water, development to the south of Yellow River in the northern area of the waste to the Water Trunk Canal of Irrigation, is also a sea of Huaihe River floods into the excavation of the river, west of Hongze Lake from the port gate, east to the sea port of pole, the full - length 168km task in Lixiahe Region, North Jiangsu Irrigation Canal: the use of Hongze Lake water, development to the south of Yellow River in the northern area of the waste to the Water Trunk Canal of Irrigation, is also a sea of Huaihe River floods into the excavation of the river, west of Hongze Lake from the port gate, east to the sea port of pole, the full - length 168km .
design flood discharge capacity 800 cubic meters per second, the actual use, exceeds the standard design flood discharge capacity 800 cubic meters per second, the actual use, exceeds the standard . 1954 floods, sewer floods bleeder of huai sea 1954 floods, sewer floods bleeder of huai sea .
cubic metres per second cubic metres per second.
Seagoing Waterway
1, is a man - made excavation of contaminated Xinyi River from Old Yihe 1, is a man - made excavation of contaminated Xinyi River from Old Yihe . Hua Yi started, too, Luoma incision Peaks mountains eastward to the rendezvous of the Old River, Guanhe estuary to the sea where Hua Yi started, too, Luoma incision Peaks mountains eastward to the rendezvous of the Old River, Guanhe estuary to the sea where .
Zhangshan following to the estuary the long 146km, maximum flood flow 7000m3 / s Zhangshan following to the estuary the long 146km, maximum flood flow 7000m3 / s . 2, Development and Implementation of a artificial excavation of river of Shandong's Tai Guanzhuang via 2, Development and Implementation of a artificial excavation of river of Shandong's Tai Guanzhuang via .
Daxing Town and Shilianghe Reservoir, Huan pier, Shahe, small east close to the sea and over the entire length of the river estuary Hong Daxing Town and Shilianghe Reservoir, Huan pier, Shahe, small east close to the sea and over the entire length of the river estuary Hong . .
80km currently flowing capacity of 4000 m3 / s 80km currently flowing capacity of 4000 m3 / s . Yi River into Shu - Yi between the sub - channel, Yihe and Shuhe floodwater to Yi River into Shu - Yi between the sub - channel, Yihe and Shuhe floodwater to .
3,division entered the Yishui Road into the excavation is a river in the south and Erhe River Sluice, Huaiyin sluice, which wasbuilt Gate to the Xinyi River with a total length of 97 km, the camera may be divided into the Huaihe River Flood in Xinyi, a design flow rate of 3000m3 / s / s 3,division entered the Yishui Road into the excavation is a river in the south and Erhe River Sluice, Huaiyin sluice, which wasbuilt Gate to the Xinyi River with a total length of 97 km, the camera may be divided into the Huaihe River Flood in Xinyi, a design flow rate of 3000m3 / s / s . check flow check flow.
Hydrologic Feature
Runoff
lower reaches of the Huaihe River and the historical mean annual runoff depth about 231mm, which the Huaihe River as 238mm, Yishu Surabaya is 215mm lower reaches of the Huaihe River and the historical mean annual runoff depth about 231mm, which the Huaihe River as 238mm, Yishu Surabaya is 215mm . the monthly runoff distribution also very non - uniform, which is concentrated in flood season the monthly runoff distribution also very non - uniform, which is concentrated in flood season .
of the Huaihe River each of which shares the measured inflow in flood season accounts for 60 per cent, Yishu and swam on each of the tributaries of the river water of the much larger share, about a year of 70% ~ 80% of the Huaihe River each of which shares the measured inflow in flood season accounts for 60 per cent, Yishu and swam on each of the tributaries of the river water of the much larger share, about a year of 70% ~ 80% .
Sediment Concentration
Huaihe River sediment concentration gradually decreases from upstream to downstream: an upstream: xixian station is 0. 88 kg / m3, the Wangjiaba station is 0. 63 kg / m3 (the annual average sediment discharge 707 million t);Middle: Zhengyangguan from Lu Station () is 0. 54kz / 1277 million m3 (t);Bengbu station is 0. 42 kg / m3 (1217 million T);Downstream in the station, 0. 23kg / 767 million m3 (t) tributaries in the river sediment discharge into the most, on the basis of the minimum tributaries in the river sediment discharge into the most, on the basis of the minimum .
Climate
Huaihe 911mm average rainfall, the general trend is the large southern, northern, mountainous areas, plains, coastal, inland small Huaihe 911mm average rainfall, the general trend is the large southern, northern, mountainous areas, plains, coastal, inland small . Huainan in Dabieshan District of Pi River upstream of the maximum annual rainfall can reach above 1,500 mm, while the north - west of the Yellow River and the adjacent areas is less than 680 mm Huainan in Dabieshan District of Pi River upstream of the maximum annual rainfall can reach above 1,500 mm, while the north - west of the Yellow River and the adjacent areas is less than 680 mm .
northeast of Yimeng Mountain lived in this valley at the northernmost, due to the terrain and is surrounded by the sea, with annual rainfall of up to 850 ~ 900mm northeast of Yimeng Mountain lived in this valley at the northernmost, due to the terrain and is surrounded by the sea, with annual rainfall of up to 850 ~ 900mm . watershed within 5 - 15 September 30 as the flood season, the average rainfall reached 578mm, and the total annual rainfall of 63% watershed within 5 - 15 September 30 as the flood season, the average rainfall reached 578mm, and the total annual rainfall of 63% .
rainfall varies a lot from year to year, 1954,In 1956 respectively and 1185mm 1181mm, 1966, 1978, and 600mm 578mm rainfall varies a lot from year to year, 1954,In 1956 respectively and 1185mm 1181mm, 1966, 1978, and 600mm 578mm .
Natural Resources
Waterpower Resources
Huaihe River water supply project for all of the water supply capacity of about 450 billion m3, the rate was up to 50% of the water - flow years with 11 million m3 volume 1750TPD. With 75% of moderate water shortage in the drought year 41 million m3, the rate was up to 95% of the drought year shortage of 116 million m3 by the year 2000 the guaranteed - rate is 95% when the supply - demand deficit of 179 million m3 of earth's surface area distribution of the Huaihe River and the general trend is the large southern, northern, many large mountains, plains, coastal plain is the larger and smaller inland of the Huaihe River and the general trend is the large southern, northern, many large mountains, plains, coastal plain is the larger and smaller inland .
of the Huaihe River and the whole watershed hydro - energy of 151 million kw and developable installation about 90 million kw,As of the 2000 has developed nearly 300,000 kw of the Huaihe River and the whole watershed hydro - energy of 151 million kw and developable installation about 90 million kw,As of the 2000 has developed nearly 300,000 kw . mainly distributed in each of the upstream tributaries, due to the limited catchment area, the runoff, and installed capacity of 1 million kw in following mainly distributed in each of the upstream tributaries, due to the limited catchment area, the runoff, and installed capacity of 1 million kw in following .
Fishery
The main species of local or normal species such as carp, mandarin fish and so on The main species of local or normal species such as carp, mandarin fish and so on . breeding is the main way of breeding and fishing net breeding breeding is the main way of breeding and fishing net breeding .
constitute the catch in the Huaihe River have been insignificant constitute the catch in the Huaihe River have been insignificant . in the eighties of the 20th century, fisheries production is mainly direct against the Huaihe River, the Huaihe River pollution after the beginning of the 1990s, the annual output has been falling,at the beginning of the 21st century are maintained in a 1000 - ton to 2000 tons even in the case of less than 1000 tons in the eighties of the 20th century, fisheries production is mainly direct against the Huaihe River, the Huaihe River pollution after the beginning of the 1990s, the annual output has been falling,at the beginning of the 21st century are maintained in a 1000 - ton to 2000 tons even in the case of less than 1000 tons .
fishermen and the vast majority of those times. River transport steering and other industry in the Huaihe River some endemic species such as long - snout catfish (Leiocassis longirostris Gunther (Huai Wang fish) is seldom seen while some endemic species such as long - snout catfish (Leiocassis longirostris Gunther (Huai Wang fish) is seldom seen while .
originally in Huainan in Fengtai County at Heilongtan lot of pelteobagrus vachelli and almost disappeared originally in Huainan in Fengtai County at Heilongtan lot of pelteobagrus vachelli and almost disappeared . cause this situation is none - the - Water from Huaihe River generally are about half the time, preferably when using three categories of water cause this situation is none - the - Water from Huaihe River generally are about half the time, preferably when using three categories of water .
Transportation
Huaihe River was a navigable waterway of the Four Seasons, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces is the mineral, agricultural, industrial to the east in the most economical route Huaihe River was a navigable waterway of the Four Seasons, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces is the mineral, agricultural, industrial to the east in the most economical route .
Waterway
Due to the lack of comprehensive utilization of water resources, lack of overall arrangement and rational distribution of transportation in the River Due to the lack of comprehensive utilization of water resources, lack of overall arrangement and rational distribution of transportation in the River . on the construction of a sluice on the River navigable basic interrupt, only the water level in Huaihe River water level are the same, a gate is opened, a 50 ton boat can shoot on the construction of a sluice on the River navigable basic interrupt, only the water level in Huaihe River water level are the same, a gate is opened, a 50 ton boat can shoot .
Bengbu sluice hole navigation lock was built in 1959, was based on river cargoes of the circulation and the ability of the ship are to be built 500 - 1000 - ton ship can only open to navigation for Bengbu sluice hole navigation lock was built in 1959, was based on river cargoes of the circulation and the ability of the ship are to be built 500 - 1000 - ton ship can only open to navigation for . over time, the annual flood of the Huaihe River sediment erosion and deposition, so that the upstream and midstream of the Bengbu Gate of the riverbed was continuously raised,water depth of 1. 9 meters of chamber's threshold in the Huaihe River during the dry season, the 500 - ton ship full of impassable, which seriously hinder the heavy ships, Huainan coal is hindered by the waterway transportation, cargo barge navigating such that business costs 
Harbor, Wharf
(1) to the areas under the jurisdiction of the Huainan - is made up of the existing wharf sloping wharf, simple structure, low degree of mechanization, the inconvenience of handling (1) to the areas under the jurisdiction of the Huainan - is made up of the existing wharf sloping wharf, simple structure, low degree of mechanization, the inconvenience of handling . (2) Terminal surface elevation in 18. 0 - 21. 5 metre, low standards, no high - level wharf, no dock flood season for the loading and unloading, unlimited by natural condition and the low efficiency of
(3) to shift the emphasis of the Huainan coal mining in the western region, most of the existing wharf in the east of Huainan, necessarily leads to an increase in the number of transit links, will reduce the competitiveness of the port of (3) to shift the emphasis of the Huainan coal mining in the western region, most of the existing wharf in the east of Huainan, necessarily leads to an increase in the number of transit links, will reduce the competitiveness of the port of .
Freight Ship Capacity Structure
single ship type, ship single - hook, the machine shall be adopted more than standard tow teams, tow teams do not have a suitable combination of coal transportation, a single boat deadweight tonnage smaller, slower, night single ship type, ship single - hook, the machine shall be adopted more than standard tow teams, tow teams do not have a suitable combination of coal transportation, a single boat deadweight tonnage smaller, slower, night . are not navigable for nearly three years, dragging a combined team, with rapid development of the barge ship complex, uneven loading tonnage, are improvised, slow speed, poor safety are not navigable for nearly three years, dragging a combined team, with rapid development of the barge ship complex, uneven loading tonnage, are improvised, slow speed, poor safety .
due to obsolescence and transport capacity, the essay makes some shipping companies face many difficulties in due to obsolescence and transport capacity, the essay makes some shipping companies face many difficulties in .
Water Conservancy Facilities
Huaihe River and Yi - Shu - Surabaya on the train except for the "completed reservoirs index table" listed in the reservoir 32, the storage capacity has been built in more than 1 billion cubic meters of large reservoirs as well as Huashan, the Sihe of He routes, of small estuarine Tashan, of Rose River as An Fengshan Reservoir Huaihe River and Yi - Shu - Surabaya on the train except for the "completed reservoirs index table" listed in the reservoir 32, the storage capacity has been built in more than 1 billion cubic meters of large reservoirs as well as Huashan, the Sihe of He routes, of small estuarine Tashan, of Rose River as An Fengshan Reservoir . In addition, there is an ongoing (2010) on a rehabilitation assignment with engineering the Shimantan reservoir In addition, there is an ongoing (2010) on a rehabilitation assignment with engineering the Shimantan reservoir .
Reservoir was located in Honghe River is a tributary of roll - on, with a total capacity of 1. 26 billion m plans to build a large reservoirs include: the Mainstream of Huaihe River and Chu - san - den on the reservoirs with a total capacity of 36 billion m (or selected upstream 44km with the changingrange of Red Rock Reservoir, with a total capacity of 16 billion cubic meters);Pi River is a tributary of the river on the flood of Bailianya Reservoir, with a total capacity of 5 million m under Tang on Shahe Reservoir, with a total capacity of 11. 7 billion mm;Li River is a tributary of Gan Jiang on the Yanshan Reservoir, the initial capacity of 15 million cubic meters;Shahe tributary on the front apron of the reservoirs with a total capacity of 6. 9 billion m
Flood And Waterlogging
Flood Characteristics
heavy rainstorm in flood season 6 months to 9 months, 6 months mainly occurs in mountainous areas in Huainan;7 months ofthe whole watershed can occur;8 months is appeared in the western region in the some small scopes of Funiu Mountains, northeast of Yimeng Mountain in Shandong, while eastern coastal areas affected by typhoon frequently occurring typhoon rainstorm Rainstorms heavy rainstorm in flood season 6 months to 9 months, 6 months mainly occurs in mountainous areas in Huainan;7 months ofthe whole watershed can occur;8 months is appeared in the western region in the some small scopes of Funiu Mountains, northeast of Yimeng Mountain in Shandong, while eastern coastal areas affected by typhoon frequently occurring typhoon rainstorm Rainstorms . September watershed reduced September watershed reduced .
generally from mid - June to early July in the south of the Huai River entered the rainy season, and is usually 15 ~ 20d, the length of the up - and - a - half generally from mid - June to early July in the south of the Huai River entered the rainy season, and is usually 15 ~ 20d, the length of the up - and - a - half . according to historical statistics, b.c. - a.d. 252 for the 1948 2200 years in Huai River floods occur every century on average 27 times
1194 the Yellow River captured Huaihe River at the beginning of the 12th and 13th century floods per century, on average, 35, 14, 15 century floods per century 74 times,From the 16th century to the beginning of new China for 450 years, floods occur every century on average 94 times, and more frequent floods from 1194 the Yellow River captured Huaihe River at the beginning of the 12th and 13th century floods per century, on average, 35, 14, 15 century floods per century 74 times,From the 16th century to the beginning of new China for 450 years, floods occur every century on average 94 times, and more frequent floods from . 1400 - 1900 500 years in the valley has large drought 1400 - 1900 500 years in the valley has large drought .
280 times by flood and drought frequency has exceeded two of the three - year flood every two years to drought disaster in the whole of the statistical year of 90% or more, for a few years by flood and drought, waterlogging and drought was often a year, sometimes before flood 280 times by flood and drought frequency has exceeded two of the three - year flood every two years to drought disaster in the whole of the statistical year of 90% or more, for a few years by flood and drought, waterlogging and drought was often a year, sometimes before flood . inter - annual drought and flood between even cases is also often inter - annual drought and flood between even cases is also often .
according to Huaihe River Flood affected range may be divided and whole basin flood and regional flood according to Huaihe River Flood affected range may be divided and whole basin flood and regional flood . basin - wide floods due to the longer period,The largescale and continuous heavy rains caused localized flooding by basin - wide floods due to the longer period,The largescale and continuous heavy rains caused localized flooding by .
River or a tributary by a rainstorm caused River or a tributary by a rainstorm caused .
Historical Disaster Events
history in 1593, 1612, 1632, 1730, 1848, 1850, in 1898, in 1921, 1931 been big flood history in 1593, 1612, 1632, 1730, 1848, 1850, in 1898, in 1921, 1931 been big flood . 1950 Huaihe river basin flood occurs, the peak discharge at Zhengyangguan 12770m3 / s Bengbu station flood 8900m3 / s 1950 Huaihe river basin flood occurs, the peak discharge at Zhengyangguan 12770m3 / s Bengbu station flood 8900m3 / s .
occurred which was only less than 1954 flood occurred which was only less than 1954 flood . July's monthly average rainfall within the watershed 513mm, for many years over the same period average rainfall of 3 ~ 5 times, more than 700 mm of rainfall in the range of about 4 million km2, the center of torrential rainfall, Wu Pi River upstream of the store,Shaying River Middle School of Linquan, envrtonment respectively 1265. 3mm, 3074. 9mm and 963mm
2 August Bengbu station had the highest water level 22. 18m, including maximum flow rate (flow rate) on the southern shore of the Rolling Hills 11600m3 / s 1957 YISHU Surabaya and Ying River, River's regional flood, which occurred in the Basin of Yishusi passed after a rainstorm, the heaviest rainfall occurs in June and up to 800 mm. The flood peak is the Yihe River at Linyi Station is 15400m / s, Shuhe is Tai Guanzhuang 4910m / s, the Sihe College Station 4020m / s,Yexian of parameter for Shaying River station is 9880m3 / s
other tributaries on the left bank of the Huaihe River is generally higher than historical highest water level stations: Laoyagang other tributaries on the left bank of the Huaihe River is generally higher than historical highest water level stations: Laoyagang . 1965 in Lixiahe, killing 36 within the average rainfall of 769mm, a catastrophic flood in 1968 1965 in Lixiahe, killing 36 within the average rainfall of 769mm, a catastrophic flood in 1968 .
of the Huaihe River floods happened, Xinyang area of 1.8 million km2. With the storm rainfall reaches 500 ~ 600mm, xixian station peak - over 15000 m3 / s, flood confluence to Wangjiaba, the recorded peak flow is 17600m3 / s, plus a consequent on the reduction, the total flow is approximately 20650m3 / s 1969 middle reach of Huaihe River in Huainan area floods happened,The rainfall reached 500 ~ 1000 mm and the center of torrential rainfall was recorded once 1097. 6mm, Huainan affluents of the flood: Huangchuan Station Huanghe 3,500m3 / s;Pi River Hengpaitou 6430m3 station / s;Shi river Jiangjiaji Station 5900m3 / s
Foziling, Mozitan Reservoir of flood overtopping, Meishan, Xianghongdian overrun a severe flood in 1974 Foziling, Mozitan Reservoir of flood overtopping, Meishan, Xianghongdian overrun a severe flood in 1974 . Yi Mu River floods, the Yihe River at Linyi Station 13900m3 most into the flow / s, the new trees in Guanzhuang maximum flow rate of a 4250m3 / s Yi Mu River floods, the Yihe River at Linyi Station 13900m3 most into the flow / s, the new trees in Guanzhuang maximum flow rate of a 4250m3 / s .
1975 Hongruhe, 1975 Hongruhe, . Shaying River floods occurred in May of that year a No. 3, a wind path, into the area, stagnation and less in the vicinity of the region. This let an extraordinary swim Banqiao Reservoir near Lin Zhuang, 5 days, total rainfall reached 1631. 1mm, the maximum 6 hours with the rainfall of 830 mm respectively.24 - hour rainfall of 1060 at its point of origin.Shaying River is a tributary of the Li River upstream of Guo Lin 5 daily rainfall reached 1517mm, Honghe Shimantan reservoir of Fangshan You oil reservoirs 1411 is in the range of. 4mm
Ruhe Banqiao Reservoir maximum reach 13000m3 / s peak discharge, warehousing, excess the wave wall after the dam failed, estimating a maximum outflow reached 78800m3 / s, Honghe Shimantan Reservoir dam overtopping breaching Ruhe Banqiao Reservoir maximum reach 13000m3 / s peak discharge, warehousing, excess the wave wall after the dam failed, estimating a maximum outflow reached 78800m3 / s, Honghe Shimantan Reservoir dam overtopping breaching . Lihe River is a tributary of the river's flood reaches 12100m3 / s Lihe River is a tributary of the river's flood reaches 12100m3 / s .
1991 in Huaihe River floods happened 1991 in Huaihe River floods happened . year,) for early Meiyu onset and a longer period of up to 58 days year,) for early Meiyu onset and a longer period of up to 58 days .
5 month and much rainfall, the lake bottom water is high,June 12 and July 11, the binary field cloudburst, heavy rains, the way of combination of harsh, the rainstorm center amounts to 158.1mm Wudian stations once the rainfall of 1125mm along the middle reach of Huaihe River in Dabieshan region's largest portion 30d, 60d rainfall exceeding 1954 rainfall, river region 60d with the rainfall of 800 to 1,300 over historical along the middle reach of Huaihe River in Dabieshan region's largest portion 30d, 60d rainfall exceeding 1954 rainfall, river region 60d with the rainfall of 800 to 1,300 over historical .
affected by the rainstorm, the Huaihe River upper and middle reaches of tarim river channel flood hydrograph, peak flow, water level stations: Laoyagang, many of whom were close to the water level in the 1954 affected by the rainstorm, the Huaihe River upper and middle reaches of tarim river channel flood hydrograph, peak flow, water level stations: Laoyagang, many of whom were close to the water level in the 1954 . 30d flood Bengbu station was 273 m3, in the station, 348 billion m3 30d flood Bengbu station was 273 m3, in the station, 348 billion m3 .
Disaster Loss
In 1931, the whole basin submerged farmland 513 million ha, with a total population of more than 21 - million, more than 75,000 deaths, post - disaster epidemic In 1931, the whole basin submerged farmland 513 million ha, with a total population of more than 21 - million, more than 75,000 deaths, post - disaster epidemic . Kuomintang government in 1938 Dyke of the Yellow River, Huaihe River to form 5. 4 million km2 of the Flooded Area of Yellow River, a total of 391 million people fled, 89. 3 million deaths and
1954 basin - wide flood years, although the Huaihe River has been initially put under control, but the situation is still serious 1954 basin - wide flood years, although the Huaihe River has been initially put under control, but the situation is still serious ., the three provinces of 335 million hm2 of farmland flooded, two provinces who died in 1930 in 1974 , the three provinces of 335 million hm2 of farmland flooded, two provinces who died in 1930 in 1974 .
Yi River floods, the worst - hit area, Linyi and Xuzhou area,damaged farmland were 24. 7 million hm2 and 28 000 hm 2, with the death toll of 92 people and 35 people in a 1975 "75. 8" flood in Henan province with a total population of 8.2 million people affected arable land 106. 7 million hm2
drowned due to the breakdown of 2. 6 million people, destroyed the Jingguang Railway, 102km, parking 18 days;Anhui Province with a total population of 458 million people, inundated land 60. 8 million hm2 1991 whole basin has made a comprehensive review of governance, but this year during a severe flood, still caused serious factory fire 1991 whole basin has made a comprehensive review of governance, but this year during a severe flood, still caused serious factory fire .
Valley farmland 551. 6 million ha of which fishing disaster accounted for 79 per cent), the affected inlet 5423 000 people, due to the watershed of the economy to be developed. The annual direct economic loss reached 340 billion yuan (US $
Development Governance
Huaihe River Harnessing and Development of the target is mainly for flood control, waterlogging control, power generation, irrigation, shipping, aquaculture, water and soil conservation, etc, the comprehensive utilization of Huaihe River Harnessing and Development of the target is mainly for flood control, waterlogging control, power generation, irrigation, shipping, aquaculture, water and soil conservation, etc, the comprehensive utilization of . in the Huaihe River basin plan key project for the following in the Huaihe River basin plan key project for the following .
1, 1, . large reservoirs of the Huaihe River and Yi - Shu - of himself and swam on the train except for the "completed reservoirs index table" listed in the reservoir 32, the storage capacity has been built in more than 1 billion m3 reservoir limnology there lion river of Huashan, the Sihe of He routes, of small estuarine Tashan, of Rose River as An Fengshan Reservoir large reservoirs of the Huaihe River and Yi - Shu - of himself and swam on the train except for the "completed reservoirs index table" listed in the reservoir 32, the storage capacity has been built in more than 1 billion m3 reservoir limnology there lion river of Huashan, the Sihe of He routes, of small estuarine Tashan, of Rose River as An Fengshan Reservoir .
In addition, there is an ongoing rehabilitation of flood - damaged projects had the Shimantan Reservoir In addition, there is an ongoing rehabilitation of flood - damaged projects had the Shimantan Reservoir
2open up into the Yangtze River flood in the Huai 2open up into the Yangtze River flood in the Huai . released several important projects is to open into the Yangtze River, which discharged into the sea has formed one of the engineering system 3 released several important projects is to open into the Yangtze River, which discharged into the sea has formed one of the engineering system 3 .
, and , and . 4 newly built dykes and dams were reinforced, and new water drainage or flood drainage and the flood diversion channel 4 newly built dykes and dams were reinforced, and new water drainage or flood drainage and the flood diversion channel .
5, storage (lag) in the flood zone utilizing plain depressions in the surrounding embankment, in the middle of a flood, temporarily storing part of the flood 5, storage (lag) in the flood zone utilizing plain depressions in the surrounding embankment, in the middle of a flood, temporarily storing part of the flood . built reservoir (stagnation) in the region "of the Huaihe River water reservoir (stagnation) in the flood zone profile," built reservoir (stagnation) in the region "of the Huaihe River water reservoir (stagnation) in the flood zone profile," .
Table 6, the region is the region dry expanding Huai River diversion engineering measures, it is part of the Huaihe River flood channel Table 6, the region is the region dry expanding Huai River diversion engineering measures, it is part of the Huaihe River flood channel . most when the flood reached 21, the existing 17 at most when the flood reached 21, the existing 17 at .
7, 7,. 8 to control the hub's waterways, waterways were mainly include river dredging, levee construction on the bends of the river, is locally adjusted and broaden the WRT, also include river cleaning, in order to broaden the river channel and flood drainage capacities 8 to control the hub's waterways, waterways were mainly include river dredging, levee construction on the bends of the river, is locally adjusted and broaden the WRT, also include river cleaning, in order to broaden the river channel and flood drainage capacities .
itself successively to the renovation of the main tributary of Hongruhe, Shaying River, the riverine Wang, Mainz, West River, construction of Sui River, Tuo River, the rockmasss Tong River 9 itself successively to the renovation of the main tributary of Hongruhe, Shaying River, the riverine Wang, Mainz, West River, construction of Sui River, Tuo River, the rockmasss Tong River 9 ., , .
sewage treatment measures sewage treatment measures.
Basin Economy
Huaihe River Basin including Hubei, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong province 5 35 (cities), counties (cities) 189, of 1997 and a total population of 16043 million, with an average population density of 594 people / k, is the nation's average population density of 122 people / 409.876m2 of 4. 8 times, and the highest in the major rivers and a population density of watershed 18326 mu of arable land, the main crops are wheat, rice, corn, potato, soybean, cotton and oilseed rape watershed 18326 mu of arable land, the main crops are wheat, rice, corn, potato, soybean, cotton and oilseed rape .
agriculture products and coal, electricity and raw materials of agricultural and food processing, light textile industry mainly agriculture products and coal, electricity and raw materials of agricultural and food processing, light textile industry mainly . currently (2000) have been built in Huainan city,Huaibei, Pingdingshan, Xuzhou, Yanzhou, Zaozhuang and other countries of large - scale coal production bases, 1997 coal annually, representing the country's coal - producing amount of a 1 / 8 currently (2000) have been built in Huainan city,Huaibei, Pingdingshan, Xuzhou, Yanzhou, Zaozhuang and other countries of large - scale coal production bases, 1997 coal annually, representing the country's coal - producing amount of a 1 / 8 .
Huaihe River Basin of 1995 0.7634 billion yuan industrial output, 5421 billion yuan of GNP, the GNP per capita 3398 yuan, far below the national average of $4810, belongs to the underdeveloped region of Huaihe river traffic developed .
Jinghu, Jingjiu, Guangzhou three north - south railway artery from the resources of the valley in the east, the west by;The famous longhai railway linking Europe and Asia - - traverses the northern basin;And Jin in the coal consumption and main railway lines (new town) stone mortar (railway), mussels (ports) of the (fertilizer), railroads, and Yi (new) (Long Xing 'an) Railway, Ning (Nanjing - Xi' an Railway, etc Jinghu, Jingjiu, Guangzhou three north - south railway artery from the resources of the valley in the east, the west by;The famous longhai railway linking Europe and Asia - - traverses the northern basin;And Jin in the coal consumption and main railway lines (new town) stone mortar (railway), mussels (ports) of the (fertilizer), railroads, and Yi (new) (Long Xing 'an) Railway, Ning (Nanjing - Xi' an Railway, etc . inland freight transport was ranked the second with the Beijing - Hangzhou Grand Canal from north to south, with east - west artery of the Huaihe River, the tributary streams and rivers downstream plain area of inland waterway transport is also developed, with inland freight transport was ranked the second with the Beijing - Hangzhou Grand Canal from north to south, with east - west artery of the Huaihe River, the tributary streams and rivers downstream plain area of inland waterway transport is also developed, with .
watershed and highways, high - grade highway construction has developed rapidly in watershed and highways, high - grade highway construction has developed rapidly in . Lianyungang, Shijiu in other large marine terminal, not only with direct links to the nation's coastal ports, but also to Korea, Japan and Singapore Lianyungang, Shijiu in other large marine terminal, not only with direct links to the nation's coastal ports, but also to Korea, Japan and Singapore .
