![be[英文單詞]](/img/1/e8d/nBnauM3XxcTO3kTN0QjN5ATO1UTM1QDN5MjM5ADMwAjMwUzL0YzLygzLt92YucmbvRWdo5Cd0FmLzE2LvoDc0RHa.jpg "be[英文單詞]")
重點
be 是唯一的狀態系動，用來表示主語狀態，同時有助動詞功能。
單詞
be美音：[bi]英音：[bi:]
詞典解釋
be
助詞 v.aux.
1. (與動詞的現在分詞連用,構成各種進行時態)正在...,在...
I won't be free this afternoon. I'll be seeing a friend off.
我今天下午沒空,我要給朋友送行。
What were you doing from 9 to 11 this morning?
今天上午九點到十一點你在做什麼?
He is working.
他在工作。
2. (與及物動詞的過去分詞連用,構成被動語態)被...
The problem was solved long ago.
It will be discussed tomorrow.
3. 【舊】(與不及物動詞go,come,rise等的過去分詞連用,構成完成時)已經...
The sun is set.
太陽已經下山。
4. (與動詞不定式連用,表示職責、義務、意圖、約定、可能性等)應該做...,必須做 ...;預定做...;會做...
The President is to visit Japan next week.
總統將於下周訪問日本。
You're to do your homework before you watch TV.
你應該做了功課再看電視。
不及物動詞 vi.
1. 是[L]
At that time he was the chair of the department.
當時他是會議系主任。
I am a teacher and they are my students.
我是老師,他們是我的學生。
She is very young.
她非常年輕。
2. (表示時間、度、量、價值等)是;值;等於[L]
The watch is 100 dollars.
這表值一百元。
3. (常用祈使語氣或不定式)要,得;成為;變成[L]
Be quiet, please.
請安靜。
4. (與there連用)有[L]
There are a lot of tourists there.
那裡有許多觀光客。
5. 逗留,(繼續)呆[L]
He will be here all next week.
下周他將一直呆在這兒。
6. 在[Q]
Tony is in the office.
托尼在辦公室里。
7. 存在
Whatever is has every reason for being.
存在的東西總有其存在的理由。
8. 聽任
If she's sleeping, let her be.
如果她在睡覺,就別驚動她。
BE
縮寫詞 abbr.
1. =Board of Education 【舊】教育部
2.=BEelzebub 魔王 （BE）
Be
【化】元素鈹(beryllium)的符號
【醫】鹼剩餘
be-
前綴 pref.
1. 表示"徹底","極度"
2. 表示"使","使顯得"
3. 表示"以...相稱","視作"
4. 表示"綴以","覆蓋以"
B.E.
縮寫詞 abbr.
1. =Bachelor of Education 教育學士
2. =Bachelor of Engineering 工程學士
相關詞組
as/that was
1.如過去所稱Former Sex Pistol John Lydon (Rotten, as was).
過去的欲望槍手約翰·萊登（前稱為羅登）。
the be-all and end-all
1.(非正式)（活動或生活方式的）根本特點；要旨
be oneself
1.表現得自然
been (或 been and gone) and——
1.(非正式)[表驚訝或惱火]竟然They've been and carted Mum off to hospital.
他們竟然強行把媽媽送到了醫院。
been there, done that
They've been and carted Mum off to hospital.
他們竟然強行把媽媽送到了醫院。
be that as it may
They've been and carted Mum off to hospital.
他們竟然強行把媽媽送到了醫院。
be there for someone
1.支持；安慰（困難或不幸中的）某人
not be oneself
1.失常；感到不舒服
-to-be
1.未來的My bride-to-be.
我未來的新娘。
be about
1.見 about （介詞義項1）
be at
1.正在做；打算做What are you at there?.
你在那兒乾什麼呢？。
be away
1.離開；出發I'm away to my work.
我要去工作了。
be off
相關句型
英語中，分裂句（the cleft sentence）是以it為引導詞的常用強調句型，其結構形式是：it+系動詞be的一定形式+中心成分+that-/who-分句。它是由普通陳述句轉換而來的,通過這種結構可以強調除謂語動詞以外的大多數句子成分,如主語、賓語、狀語等，使其成為信息的中心。當被強調的成分為賓語或狀語時，口語中通常省去引導分句的that。由於系動詞be的形式較為複雜，下面就簡要介紹一下它的主要形式。
1.分句的謂語動詞是現在一般時或現在進行時，be的形式通常用現在一般時。例如：
It's English we like best.
It is Mary who is driving a new car.
有時分句的謂語動詞是現在一般時，be的形式也可以用過去一般時。對於這種語言現象，著名語言學家周海中教授曾經做過解釋：分句是描繪過去動作的,謂語動詞理應使用過去時態,但為了使那些過去發生的事情顯得仿佛就發生在眼前,表示一種刻不容緩或緊迫的意思,分句的謂語動詞使用了歷史現在時(the historical present)，從而達到修辭上的效果——形象、生動。周教授還指出，這種語言現象主要見於文學英語和新聞英語。他給了以下的實例：
It was the forty-fathom slumber that clears the soul and eye and heart. (J. Kipling)
It was the Liberals who are generally regarded in both parties. (《The Times》)
2.分句的謂語動詞是過去一般時或過去進行時，be的形式通常用過去一般時。例如：
It was the English book that I bought last week.
It was Jane who was singing songs all night long.
有時分句的謂語動詞是過去一般時，be的形式也可以用現在一般時。例如：
It is radium that Madame Curie discovered in 1902.
It is more than one hundred years ago that the Communist Manisfesto was issued.
It is two years ago that he died.
在以上第一句中，著名英語專家吳銀庚教授認為，用is是為了強調客觀事實；第二句中,著名英語專家葛傳槼教授認為，用is是為了強調“已”有一百多年的意思；第三句中,著名英語專家費致德教授認為，用is是為了敘述生動和表示對過去事情的認識。筆者覺得這三位教授關於這種用法的觀點是很有道理的。
3.分句的謂語動詞是現在完成時或過去完成時，be的形式通常也用現在完成時或過去完成時。例如：
It has been John who has broken his left leg.
It had been the work that we had finished by nine o'clock yesterday.
同義詞
同義詞
動詞 v.
伴隨,降臨
befall
停留,停駐
remain
發生
happen
存在,存活
breathe
居住
located
語源
Old English bēon, an irregular and defective verb, whose full conjugation derives from several originally distinct verbs. The forms amand isare from an Indo-European root shared by Latin sumand est. The forms wasand wereare from an Indo-European root meaning 'remain'. The forms beand beenare from an Indo-European root shared by Latin fui'I was', fio'I become', and Greek phuein'bring forth, cause to grow'. The origin of areis uncertain
英語的“be”是個特別動詞；有些語言，如中文和馬來文，並沒有“be”這樣的動詞。
“Be”除了原形的“be”之外，還有另外七種形式：am, is, are, been, being, was, were.
在句子中，“be”可以是主動詞(The Principal Verb)或助動詞(The Auxiliary Verb).
當主動詞時，“be”在性質上屬於接系動詞(The Linking Verb), 後面要有名詞、形容詞、地方副詞或短語作補足語(The Complement)。例如：
1. The man is a science teacher.
2. Mary's new dresses are colourful.
3. I have been there before.
4. Mother is in the kitchen now.
這四個都是陳述句，可以變成疑問句，方法簡單，把主語和“be”或助動詞對換位置即可：
5. Is the man a science teacher?
6. Are Mary's new dresses colourful?
7. Have I been there before?
8. Is mother in the kitchen now?
當“be”要在祈使句中出現時，它必須借重助動詞“do”或“don't”之助，如：
9. Don't be silly!
10. Do be obedient!
11. Don't be a fool!
“Be”有兩種縮寫法，如下：
12. He's not...../He isn't....
13. You're not...../You aren't...
但“am + not”的縮寫法只有一個：
14. I'm not.
有人用“ain't”, 但這並不是標準英語。
談過了“be”作主動詞的功能，那么就看看“be”作助動詞時，有些什麼用法：
1.“Be + 現在分詞”以組成進行式時態(Continuous Tenses)，如：
15. Tony's maid is washing his new car.
16. The children are playing in the field.
17. Samuel was eating when I came in.
18. We have been living here since 1959.
2.“Be + 過去分詞”以組成被動語態(The Passive Voice),如：
19. Her money in the drawer was stolen.
20. A number of good jobs are taken up byforeigners.
21. David studied in Taiwan but has been trained as a language lecturer in America.
22. Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park?
23. The disobedient boy was told to stand out- side the classroom.
24. Steps are being taken to reduce traffic con- gestion during peak hours.
25. Dishonest students will be immediately dealt with.
值得指出的是：be作為系動詞時，其後面的介詞短語可以用來表示正在進行的動作（或存在的狀態），有時還能起到一定的修辭作用。著名英語專家周海中先生1981年在《介詞短語的一個用法》一文中首先介紹了這一特殊用法，從而引起了人們對它的關注和研究。現分別舉例說明：
1.介詞after
The police are after（=are chasing） him. [警方正在追捕他。]
He is after（=is inquiring） information. [他在打聽訊息。]
2.介詞at
He is at work. [他正在工作。]
The children are at play. [孩子們正在玩耍。]
3.介詞in
They are in love. [他們在戀愛。]
The plane is in flight. [飛機正在飛行中。]
4.介詞on
He is on duty. [他正在值班。]
She was on leave last week. [上周她在休假。]
5.介詞under
The road is under repair（=is being repaired）. [路正在修建。]
The question is under discussion（=is being discussed）. [這個問題正在討論中。]
