Introduction
German Empire (German:) commonly refers to Prussia to unify Germany from 1871 to 1918 Hohenzollern dynasty, the last emperor Wilhelm II of Germany abdicated and ending with German Empire (German:) commonly refers to Prussia to unify Germany from 1871 to 1918 Hohenzollern dynasty, the last emperor Wilhelm II of Germany abdicated and ending with . sometimes, Reich is also referred to as a second German Empire, the Holy Roman Empire because it counted as the first empire in sometimes, Reich is also referred to as a second German Empire, the Holy Roman Empire because it counted as the first empire in .
is to be noted that, its official name is the German Empire (German:), and later the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany's formal name is to be noted that, its official name is the German Empire (German:), and later the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany's formal name .
History
Historical Background
In the 16th century, the Prussian aristocratic manor in order to expand the volume of cereal production, a large amount of plunder the Elbe River east of the land were peasants, serfs of servitude to the commodity business of Economy Provided with Charactistics of In the 16th century, the Prussian aristocratic manor in order to expand the volume of cereal production, a large amount of plunder the Elbe River east of the land were peasants, serfs of servitude to the commodity business of Economy Provided with Charactistics of . Prussian aristocratic manor has rough, violent, parochial features Prussian aristocratic manor has rough, violent, parochial features .
1653, the election of the electors of Brandenburg Friedrich II granted William Juncker as" totally dominated "the power of the peasants, and like a lot of economic preferences have been exempt from 1653, the election of the electors of Brandenburg Friedrich II granted William Juncker as" totally dominated "the power of the peasants, and like a lot of economic preferences have been exempt from . in 1807 by the beginning of the reforms of Stein and Hardenberg, Juncker suffered a major blow to in 1807 by the beginning of the reforms of Stein and Hardenberg, Juncker suffered a major blow to .
19th century Prussia since the rapid development of capitalism,complete breakdown of the noble lord of manor in Prussia the economic foundation of the feudal and manorial 19th century Prussia since the rapid development of capitalism,complete breakdown of the noble lord of manor in Prussia the economic foundation of the feudal and manorial . Prussia to this important post for military officers and government official gave Prussia the noble lord of manor Prussia to this important post for military officers and government official gave Prussia the noble lord of manor .
as compensation after the German Revolution in 1848, the Prussian aristocrat of the lord of the manor and manorial economy is gradually transformed into a capitalist farms, most of the Prussian aristocracy began to bourgeoisify the lord of the manor, but still retained many vestiges of as compensation after the German Revolution in 1848, the Prussian aristocrat of the lord of the manor and manorial economy is gradually transformed into a capitalist farms, most of the Prussian aristocracy began to bourgeoisify the lord of the manor, but still retained many vestiges of . in the Prussian aristocratic Manor, the lord of the manor, the farmers were still in semi - serf status in the Prussian aristocratic Manor, the lord of the manor, the farmers were still in semi - serf status .
in this retained the feudal ownership of land under a condition of capitalist exploitation exploitation of serfdom gradually instead of the way,Prussia Road is called in this retained the feudal ownership of land under a condition of capitalist exploitation exploitation of serfdom gradually instead of the way,Prussia Road is called . Prussian aristocratic manor of the landlord class in the political aspects of extreme conservatism, advocating absolute monarchy and militarism, the use of protectionism in favour of agriculture, which was typified by the Bismarck Prussian aristocratic manor of the landlord class in the political aspects of extreme conservatism, advocating absolute monarchy and militarism, the use of protectionism in favour of agriculture, which was typified by the Bismarck .
1871 Prussia "on" a unified Germany, Junkers flag of bourgeois rule and the final form of the Congress of the German Empire in the 1871 Prussia "on" a unified Germany, Junkers flag of bourgeois rule and the final form of the Congress of the German Empire in the . conservatives in Congress and outside of the Agrarian League represents the interests of the Junker, with army officers also are made up of the noble lord of manor in Prussia, making the whole of the German Empire, the Prussian aristocratic manor of the Weimar Republic - era branding conservatives in Congress and outside of the Agrarian League represents the interests of the Junker, with army officers also are made up of the noble lord of manor in Prussia, making the whole of the German Empire, the Prussian aristocratic manor of the Weimar Republic - era branding .
,Prussian aristocratic manor and hostile republics, supported by A. Hitler's 
The Establishment Of The Empire
In the 19th century, throughout German capitalism development In the 19th century, throughout German capitalism development . in 1815 by the German people for the reunification of the country's fight against soaring in 1815 by the German people for the reunification of the country's fight against soaring .
in 1848, the German March revolution broke out across the region, but the rebellion to in 1848, the German March revolution broke out across the region, but the rebellion to . Bismarck, Prussia took over as the country's prime minister, to unity under the pretext of restriction of liberty, to reconcile the contradiction between the monarchy and bourgeoisie, using Prussian economic advantages, the 1864 defeat of Denmark, defeated Austria in 1866 (Austro - Prussian War), which had resulted in the annexation of Hannover and Frankfurt, etc.Founded the school in Prussia and most German states including North German alliance
~ 1870 in the Franco - Prussian War in 1871 defeat of France, which both the Nande, north, and unified the whole of Germany except Austria ~ 1870 in the Franco - Prussian War in 1871 defeat of France, which both the Nande, north, and unified the whole of Germany except Austria . January 18, 1871, Prussian King Wilhelm I was crowned as the Palace of Versailles in France, the German emperor, prime minister Bismarck, Prussia by dynastic wars and finally realize the unified German Reich January 18, 1871, Prussian King Wilhelm I was crowned as the Palace of Versailles in France, the German emperor, prime minister Bismarck, Prussia by dynastic wars and finally realize the unified German Reich .
national regime is a dictatorship of the bourgeoisie of the country's unity national regime is a dictatorship of the bourgeoisie of the country's unity . decided by the national road of royalism?Juncker, activism and militarism of the decided by the national road of royalism?Juncker, activism and militarism of the .
1871 features on Apr. 16, by the Constitution of the Empire, the German Empire was proclaimed a constitutional monarchy is a federal State Empire Heads is the emperor, by the King of Prussia, who, with the appointment of prime minister and senior officials; convening and dissolution of parliament, declare war, peace and power, while the army is the supreme commander of the imperial vizier by Empire Heads is the emperor, by the King of Prussia, who, with the appointment of prime minister and senior officials; convening and dissolution of parliament, declare war, peace and power, while the army is the supreme commander of the imperial vizier by .
served as Premier of Prussia, the emperor's only responsible for served as Premier of Prussia, the emperor's only responsible for . empire on the legislative power of Congress and the Federal Parliament, the latter appointed by the state governments of 58 representatives, Prussia holds the decisive votes, could veto the Reichstag empire on the legislative power of Congress and the Federal Parliament, the latter appointed by the state governments of 58 representatives, Prussia holds the decisive votes, could veto the Reichstag .
proposals adopted by the Imperial Parliament elected by universal suffrage,its budgetary and legislative powers by the federal parliament in restricting proposals adopted by the Imperial Parliament elected by universal suffrage,its budgetary and legislative powers by the federal parliament in restricting . Empire plays a role in determining the emperor and prime minister, lord of the manor of Prussian nobility in all levels of government and military privileges in Empire plays a role in determining the emperor and prime minister, lord of the manor of Prussian nobility in all levels of government and military privileges in .
1 1.
Imperial Constitution
North German Confederation established the unification of Germany is only the first step, the Franco - Prussian war in 1870 in the Prussian victory over France, northern and southern states unified obstacles North German Confederation established the unification of Germany is only the first step, the Franco - Prussian war in 1870 in the Prussian victory over France, northern and southern states unified obstacles . January 1871, King William I of Prussia declared himself the emperor of the German Empire, the Empire April Congress passed the "Constitution of the German Empire", to achieve german unification January 1871, King William I of Prussia declared himself the emperor of the German Empire, the Empire April Congress passed the "Constitution of the German Empire", to achieve german unification .
constitution that consolidated the unification of Germany, the German economy does well for the development of the Japanese Constitution has great influence on constitution that consolidated the unification of Germany, the German economy does well for the development of the Japanese Constitution has great influence on . "Reich Constitution in Bismarck alone.The under by the" North German Federal constitution is modified,
14 chapters of section 78 of the following features: 1, such that the center of the empire with very broad powers of 2, 3 having the nature of the despotism, affirming the Prussian dominance in the whole empire of 4, militaristic provisions are all - important 14 chapters of section 78 of the following features: 1, such that the center of the empire with very broad powers of 2, 3 having the nature of the despotism, affirming the Prussian dominance in the whole empire of 4, militaristic provisions are all - important.
Political Economy
The establishment of the German Empire, were able to block the capitalist economic development of the main obstacles to The establishment of the German Empire, were able to block the capitalist economic development of the main obstacles to . seventies of the 19th century, the Empire enacted a series of capitalist economic development in favor of the bill, such as the Banking Act, Monetary Law, Patent Law, the Uniform Act, Uniform Weights and seventies of the 19th century, the Empire enacted a series of capitalist economic development in favor of the bill, such as the Banking Act, Monetary Law, Patent Law, the Uniform Act, Uniform Weights and .
method or the like by the Franco - Prussian War, France had taken from the 50 billion gold francs in reparations, Alsace - Lorraine the iron ore and potash, and other countries; and to accept the application of advanced science and technology and production experience, the empire's economy to develop rapidly in the early 80 's and method or the like by the Franco - Prussian War, France had taken from the 50 billion gold francs in reparations, Alsace - Lorraine the iron ore and potash, and other countries; and to accept the application of advanced science and technology and production experience, the empire's economy to develop rapidly in the early 80 's and . ~ 1890 1893 financial crisis, accelerated the industrial and banking sectors of concentration, ~ 1890 1893 financial crisis, accelerated the industrial and banking sectors of concentration,.
soon completed industrial revolution in the 1990s, with heavy industry produce more than Britain, with Europe's first soon completed industrial revolution in the 1990s, with heavy industry produce more than Britain, with Europe's first . Reich prophase, and outside of the actual policy makers Bismarck Reich prophase, and outside of the actual policy makers Bismarck .
which is to protect the continuer of the Prussian Junker and the privilege of being able to take care of the interests of the big bourgeoisie which is to protect the continuer of the Prussian Junker and the privilege of being able to take care of the interests of the big bourgeoisie . 1872 began to counter - cultural struggle of the Catholic Church, in 1878, and published "Socialist Law", in 1879, and taken on a hefty tariff for 1872 began to counter - cultural struggle of the Catholic Church, in 1878, and published "Socialist Law", in 1879, and taken on a hefty tariff for .
foreign policy is to "cure" for the continent is the target of a mainland policy, for which purpose the 1873 restoration of the German, Russian, Austrian Emperors Alliance, 1882 in Germany and Austria,Italy's alliance with foreign policy is to "cure" for the continent is the target of a mainland policy, for which purpose the 1873 restoration of the German, Russian, Austrian Emperors Alliance, 1882 in Germany and Austria,Italy's alliance with . 1888 William I died, his son Frederick III only 99 days i.e. died, his grandson William II ascended the throne after the dismissal of Bismarck in 1890, to strengthen their decision - making rights of
in the late 1990s, with the further fusion between the bourgeois Junker, while actively expanding its armament, nakedly advocating aggression, expansion and colonial powers, to promote a world, preferring to redivide the world in the late 1990s, with the further fusion between the bourgeois Junker, while actively expanding its armament, nakedly advocating aggression, expansion and colonial powers, to promote a world, preferring to redivide the world . at the beginning of the 20th century, the domestic contradiction, between British, Russian, French and other incumbent of the contradiction between imperialism and also on the rise, leading to the outbreak of the First World War German at the beginning of the 20th century, the domestic contradiction, between British, Russian, French and other incumbent of the contradiction between imperialism and also on the rise, leading to the outbreak of the First World War German .
were defeated in a war,In 1918 the German November revolution to overthrow the Hohenzollern family of Hohenzollern rule, the German Empire came to an end when were defeated in a war,In 1918 the German November revolution to overthrow the Hohenzollern family of Hohenzollern rule, the German Empire came to an end when .
Alliance
Bismarck in order to avoid future retaliation of the French Republic, with powers such as the complex relationship of France Bismarck in order to avoid future retaliation of the French Republic, with powers such as the complex relationship of France . in 1873 with the Russian Empire, the Austro - Hungarian Empire, the conclusion of the Triple Alliance in 1873 with the Russian Empire, the Austro - Hungarian Empire, the conclusion of the Triple Alliance .
1879 with what was then the Austro - Hungarian ally 1879 with what was then the Austro - Hungarian ally . 1882 with Austria - Hungary, Kingdom of Italy forged alliances with Japan and 1882 with Austria - Hungary, Kingdom of Italy forged alliances with Japan and .
1887 with the Russian Empire signed a treaty with the Balkans guarantee 1887 with the Russian Empire signed a treaty with the Balkans guarantee . britain was not particularly opposed Bismarck britain was not particularly opposed Bismarck .
can be said of France's foreign policy is quite successful can be said of France's foreign policy is quite successful . William II ascended the throne in 1888, and 1890 Bismarck oppositions occur William II ascended the throne in 1888, and 1890 Bismarck oppositions occur .
,Bismarck being dismissed from the post of Prime Minister ,Bismarck being dismissed from the post of Prime Minister . William II after their taking over reins of government began to actively pursue imperialist policy, beginning with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Russian Empire, the Empire of Japan, the United States of America in a conflict over Europe began to form in the confrontation, began to turn the adverse situation of Germany on the last William II after their taking over reins of government began to actively pursue imperialist policy, beginning with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Russian Empire, the Empire of Japan, the United States of America in a conflict over Europe began to form in the confrontation, began to turn the adverse situation of Germany on the last .
, , . the beginning of the First World War.
War Of The Worlds
World War I on 28 June 1914, Austro - Hungarian crown prince in the Sarajevo assassination World War I on 28 June 1914, Austro - Hungarian crown prince in the Sarajevo assassination . powers (the conflicts between the German and Austrian allies, the Anglo - German and Franco - German antagonism, Russian Empire in the Balkans, and the like) so that the policy of Germany's involvement in the war the German Empire powers (the conflicts between the German and Austrian allies, the Anglo - German and Franco - German antagonism, Russian Empire in the Balkans, and the like) so that the policy of Germany's involvement in the war the German Empire .
selection station in what was then the Austro - Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the French Republic, the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Italy (1915) which fought in the war against selection station in what was then the Austro - Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the French Republic, the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Italy (1915) which fought in the war against . spread throughout Europe, the German empire of overseas colonies were hit spread throughout Europe, the German empire of overseas colonies were hit .
1914 on the Western Front of the German offensive on the Marne and Paris (north),After forming the trench warfare on the Western Front both parties, until the spring of 1918 to the stand - off 1914 on the Western Front of the German offensive on the Marne and Paris (north),After forming the trench warfare on the Western Front both parties, until the spring of 1918 to the stand - off . in the east, although the occupation of large tracts of land, but not on the Russian a decisive victory for in the east, although the occupation of large tracts of land, but not on the Russian a decisive victory for .
in the North Sea, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland's total naval blockade of the rein of Reich determined by the start of the feed occurs and a food shortage in the North Sea, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland's total naval blockade of the rein of Reich determined by the start of the feed occurs and a food shortage . in 1917, based on the indifference of the German Empire in submarine tactics, indirect U.S. involvement in the war, that war situation began steering
in November 1917, following the outbreak of the Russian October Revolution in November 1917, following the outbreak of the Russian October Revolution . 3 March 1918, the German Empire and Russia signed Brest - Litovsk, Finland and Ukraine 3 March 1918, the German Empire and Russia signed Brest - Litovsk, Finland and Ukraine .
quit the war for independence quit the war for independence. Reich to obtain vast tracts of land in the spring and summer of 1918, the Germans launched a massive offensive on the Western Front, in Paris again but the Germans still critical Reich to obtain vast tracts of land in the spring and summer of 1918, the Germans launched a massive offensive on the Western Front, in Paris again but the Germans still critical .
. final victory is impossible at the end of October and early November 1918, the German Empire, the territory of many cities (mutiny) uprising lurch final victory is impossible at the end of October and early November 1918, the German Empire, the territory of many cities (mutiny) uprising lurch .
. In the parties, under pressure from William II was forced to abdicate exile In the parties, under pressure from William II was forced to abdicate exile .
. monarchy ended on 9 November, the Social Democratic Party of Quebec Philip Erdman monarchy ended on 9 November, the Social Democratic Party of Quebec Philip Erdman .
Xia was proclaimed a republic on 11 November, a sign, Xia was proclaimed a republic on 11 November, a sign, . the end of the First World War and although the war ended,But German revolution hasn't stopped the end of the First World War and although the war ended,But German revolution hasn't stopped .
the newly formed Weimar Republic and finally in May 1919 the crackdown on the uprising of a socialist for the newly formed Weimar Republic and finally in May 1919 the crackdown on the uprising of a socialist for . in June of 1919, the Treaty of Versailles finally ended the war and about where the in June of 1919, the Treaty of Versailles finally ended the war and about where the .
sign is the fact that it was the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, the German Empire, the establishment of local sign is the fact that it was the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, the German Empire, the establishment of local . cessions to Germany, France, Belgium and just kingdom of Poland, and Germany needs cessions to Germany, France, Belgium and just kingdom of Poland, and Germany needs .
reparations from the war and was fully responsible for reparations from the war and was fully responsible for . So many Germans feel they are being betrayed, they actually think Germany is in no way deserved to lose, later founding one of the reasons why Nazi Germany So many Germans feel they are being betrayed, they actually think Germany is in no way deserved to lose, later founding one of the reasons why Nazi Germany .
Formation Reason
Serfdom is reinforced by the Junkers of political dominance from the social point of view of the development, serfdom was one of the most brutal, backward modes of production not only gratuitous Serfdom is reinforced by the Junkers of political dominance from the social point of view of the development, serfdom was one of the most brutal, backward modes of production not only gratuitous . serfs for landlords and servitude, but also captive livestock and farm tools, they are deprived of any property, the complete absence of personal freedom, hemmed in by the landlords of the Grange were not permitted in the migratory serfs for landlords and servitude, but also captive livestock and farm tools, they are deprived of any property, the complete absence of personal freedom, hemmed in by the landlords of the Grange were not permitted in the migratory .
If we, however, is the rise of Prussia was placed under a special background see: but they will find something unusual If we, however, is the rise of Prussia was placed under a special background see: but they will find something unusual . contemporaries Frederick II of Prussia may be criticized in a "reinforcement of the military dictatorship of the Junker landowners, as well as to the implementation of its subjects to servile education" a retrogression of history,But it ignores one of the most basic facts, i.e. the Kingdom of Prussia was the cornerstone of the aristocracy, nobility of strength lies in the fact that the majority of the possession of the property and exploitation on the serfs of
from this perspective, there is no serfdom not Juncker, but Juncker without support from the powerful Prussian monarchy and it is only an empty word from this perspective, there is no serfdom not Juncker, but Juncker without support from the powerful Prussian monarchy and it is only an empty word . carries out mercantilism, develop the economy of the German north sea of major rivers such as the Rhine, Weser, Elbe, Oder flows through the territory of Brandenburg, Prussia, which was owned by one of the economic development of the favorable geographical location carries out mercantilism, develop the economy of the German north sea of major rivers such as the Rhine, Weser, Elbe, Oder flows through the territory of Brandenburg, Prussia, which was owned by one of the economic development of the favorable geographical location .
while the rulers of Prussia also into business as an important wealth,They built a system of canals, repairing roads and bridges, unified the currency system, implement the protective measures with regard to the economic development of Prussia while the rulers of Prussia also into business as an important wealth,They built a system of canals, repairing roads and bridges, unified the currency system, implement the protective measures with regard to the economic development of Prussia . while also paying attention to opening up the overseas market, and in 1788 it exports to the UK was 1 1, 000 tons of pig iron while also paying attention to opening up the overseas market, and in 1788 it exports to the UK was 1 1, 000 tons of pig iron .
in the 18th century to the 1980s, Prussia set up three trading companies: the eastern Mediterranean trading companies, Chinese trade companies of the People's Republic of Bangladesh on the trade and company in the 18th century to the 1980s, Prussia set up three trading companies: the eastern Mediterranean trading companies, Chinese trade companies of the People's Republic of Bangladesh on the trade and company . encourage immigration, accommodating the Protestant Martin Luther's Reformation and the Thirty Years' War in the German Protestant Union victory, Prussia became a European fleeing religious persecution in 1703 to paradise encourage immigration, accommodating the Protestant Martin Luther's Reformation and the Thirty Years' War in the German Protestant Union victory, Prussia became a European fleeing religious persecution in 1703 to paradise .
,There are about twenty thousand Huguenots from France moved the settlement to Brandenburg, then this city dwellers of 1 / ,There are about twenty thousand Huguenots from France moved the settlement to Brandenburg, then this city dwellers of 1 / . 9 - who are all skilled craftsmen or businessmen have definite sth used to one, with the result that the French business suffered heavy losses, while Prussia gained 9 - who are all skilled craftsmen or businessmen have definite sth used to one, with the result that the French business suffered heavy losses, while Prussia gained .
benefits in addition to French immigration, also other countries are also a large number of immigrants that enter benefits in addition to French immigration, also other countries are also a large number of immigrants that enter . Guo According to statistics, by Prussia in 1740 with a population of 240 million, of which foreign migrants were light up 1 / 4, up to 60 million Guo According to statistics, by Prussia in 1740 with a population of 240 million, of which foreign migrants were light up 1 / 4, up to 60 million .
Brandenburg is the epicenter of the Thirty Years' War, took on a revival of its huge vigor,made Prussia Other German states earlier than the route to economic recovery and rising Brandenburg is the epicenter of the Thirty Years' War, took on a revival of its huge vigor,made Prussia Other German states earlier than the route to economic recovery and rising . ruler strong suffering consciousness, less corrupt and then - prevalent European royal extravagance, Prussian rulers for generations was almost puritanical sadism, and live a frugal life to save a precious military and government spending such as ruler strong suffering consciousness, less corrupt and then - prevalent European royal extravagance, Prussian rulers for generations was almost puritanical sadism, and live a frugal life to save a precious military and government spending such as .
Friedrich II, father of William the Conqueror (and later Emperor Pu is the namesake of two people), the Prussian diplomatic envoys to shabby "famous," Friedrich II, father of William the Conqueror (and later Emperor Pu is the namesake of two people), the Prussian diplomatic envoys to shabby "famous," . and distinguished European royal family members, regardless of the prince and princess, or princess and the king himself, cooked diets are a poor, simple meals,almost to the extent of hungry and distinguished European royal family members, regardless of the prince and princess, or princess and the king himself, cooked diets are a poor, simple meals,almost to the extent of hungry .
frugality due to the stinginess that do drop people called William the "Beggar King" frugality due to the stinginess that do drop people called William the "Beggar King" . ruling class with the tide of the times and in a timely manner to push forward reforms of the Prussian ruling class, not like the other European countries, as was the feudal aristocracy of conformism, the obstinate refusal of all the reforms they ruling class with the tide of the times and in a timely manner to push forward reforms of the Prussian ruling class, not like the other European countries, as was the feudal aristocracy of conformism, the obstinate refusal of all the reforms they .
of sizing up the situation of top - down reform (of course) are forced by circumstances, and the control of the firmly with the reform of the leadership, so as to conform the tide of history, but also from their own of sizing up the situation of top - down reform (of course) are forced by circumstances, and the control of the firmly with the reform of the leadership, so as to conform the tide of history, but also from their own . shadow with the Austrian Habsburgs and going through the motions of the different reform,Prussian kings mostly able to stick to reform, rather than the previous results of the half - assed, thus ensuring Prussian policy coherence, but also the entire country and has kept the upward momentum of the reform of Prussian serfdom to shadow with the Austrian Habsburgs and going through the motions of the different reform,Prussian kings mostly able to stick to reform, rather than the previous results of the half - assed, thus ensuring Prussian policy coherence, but also the entire country and has kept the upward momentum of the reform of Prussian serfdom to .
for example, during the Napoleonic wars the Prussian succession after the debacle of the subjugation of the country almost for example, during the Napoleonic wars the Prussian succession after the debacle of the subjugation of the country almost . the debacle of the war and the humiliation of the conclusion of the peace treaty of Prussians from the Germans with feudal capitalism of France during the bout,increasingly see the decline of serfdom the debacle of the war and the humiliation of the conclusion of the peace treaty of Prussians from the Germans with feudal capitalism of France during the bout,increasingly see the decline of serfdom .
batch by Anglo - French bourgeois ideology influence people loudly that the old feudal order reform batch by Anglo - French bourgeois ideology influence people loudly that the old feudal order reform . in this tough, the tough reform in this tough, the tough reform .
Prussia beginning in October 1807, presided over the affairs of the State and baron stein promulgated and emancipate the peasants of the "October Edict", so that finally in Prussia from feudal serfdom to the bourgeois society on the path of transition, the significant step of the first round of the Prussia beginning in October 1807, presided over the affairs of the State and baron stein promulgated and emancipate the peasants of the "October Edict", so that finally in Prussia from feudal serfdom to the bourgeois society on the path of transition, the significant step of the first round of the . but reform is not complete, which makes the Prussian bourgeois liberals, for Juncker continues to occupy large areas of land and manpower,So they in the European revolutions of 1848 in the once - backward against the monarchy and republicanism but reform is not complete, which makes the Prussian bourgeois liberals, for Juncker continues to occupy large areas of land and manpower,So they in the European revolutions of 1848 in the once - backward against the monarchy and republicanism .
To the complicity of the interest coordination to consolidate the political power, Junker landlords and government in 1850 was enacted in March adjustment to landlord - peasant relationship ", and finally, to complete that began in 1807 and Serfdom To the complicity of the interest coordination to consolidate the political power, Junker landlords and government in 1850 was enacted in March adjustment to landlord - peasant relationship ", and finally, to complete that began in 1807 and Serfdom . reform results, got the big capitalist industrial development necessary for cheap labor, the bourgeoisie against the monarchy; and by collecting the serfs of high ransoms, ceded a large amount of land and fortune rapidly accumulated to the hands of the Junkers, the landed class also profiteered; and only the farmers have gone bankrupt, losing land and livestock,large numbers of semi - proletarians, and in turn became capitalist at a factory and the workers employed in the Junker manor reform results, got the big capitalist industrial development necessary for cheap labor, the bourgeoisie against the monarchy; and by collecting the serfs of high ransoms, ceded a large amount of land and fortune rapidly accumulated to the hands of the Junkers, the landed class also profiteered; and only the farmers have gone bankrupt, losing land and livestock,large numbers of semi - proletarians, and in turn became capitalist at a factory and the workers employed in the Junker manor .
Prussian ruling class of this" experience ", and later of the Russian serfdom reform in 1861 provided the perfect follow" boilerplate " Prussian ruling class of this" experience ", and later of the Russian serfdom reform in 1861 provided the perfect follow" boilerplate ". - consciousness awakening to the rise of Prussia, the most important thing is the human factor, for the German people had a kingdom that was a strong desire to rejuvenate the nation, which is caused from - consciousness awakening to the rise of Prussia, the most important thing is the human factor, for the German people had a kingdom that was a strong desire to rejuvenate the nation, which is caused from .
since the 16th century, due to the split, the German nation in the eyes of the Europeans was not a political entity, but was regarded as no one nation since the 16th century, due to the split, the German nation in the eyes of the Europeans was not a political entity, but was regarded as no one nation . is the main reason for the long - term humiliation,despised the Germans were incited to self - reliance, and to internalize the rise of Prussia and source of strength for the is the main reason for the long - term humiliation,despised the Germans were incited to self - reliance, and to internalize the rise of Prussia and source of strength for the .
also due to this spirit, encouraging them to learn from the advanced things, also due to this spirit, encouraging them to learn from the advanced things, . education and vigorously in this regard to the Kingdom of Prussia's achievements are most later claimed that in order to implement the nationalism education, and from 1717 began the implementation of the obligations of Prussian militarism, is the world's first implementation of compulsory education and education and vigorously in this regard to the Kingdom of Prussia's achievements are most later claimed that in order to implement the nationalism education, and from 1717 began the implementation of the obligations of Prussian militarism, is the world's first implementation of compulsory education and .
notably in 1763 by Friedrich II during the enactment of laws and regulations of the school ", forcing the 5 to 14 year old children must attend school, and the appointment of veterans for the headmaster,The students conducted paramilitary training notably in 1763 by Friedrich II during the enactment of laws and regulations of the school ", forcing the 5 to 14 year old children must attend school, and the appointment of veterans for the headmaster,The students conducted paramilitary training . all future build well - disciplined army of Prussia laid the basis all future build well - disciplined army of Prussia laid the basis .
1809 Humboldt of Prussia took up the post of chief state school officers and promotion of the reform of the education system more as Germany's later years of science, culture, the cardinal as a stepping - stone, between 1810 and the establishment of the University of Berlin (now Humboldt University), then as the world's fresh college, has affected the entire 19th century development in higher education is 1809 Humboldt of Prussia took up the post of chief state school officers and promotion of the reform of the education system more as Germany's later years of science, culture, the cardinal as a stepping - stone, between 1810 and the establishment of the University of Berlin (now Humboldt University), then as the world's fresh college, has affected the entire 19th century development in higher education is . in the Prussian military service, and education is deemed to be citizens of the two basic obligations were in the Prussian military service, and education is deemed to be citizens of the two basic obligations were .
According to statistics, during the latter half of the nineteenth century, the major European countries,Germany's illiteracy rate is lowest, and the Germans regardless of reading, writing, numeracy, science in the practical application of the theories which are leading European diplomatic leverage According to statistics, during the latter half of the nineteenth century, the major European countries,Germany's illiteracy rate is lowest, and the Germans regardless of reading, writing, numeracy, science in the practical application of the theories which are leading European diplomatic leverage ., utmost for our benefit, whether the early King Friedrich II, and later of Bismarck, they are all acknowledged as one of the most astute diplomat , utmost for our benefit, whether the early King Friedrich II, and later of Bismarck, they are all acknowledged as one of the most astute diplomat .
Although reach their goals, these people are "perfidious, treacherous, but undeniable, if not their magnificent diplomacy, it is difficult to imagine that Prussia could loom over the powers of Europe were able to survive and grow solidarity Although reach their goals, these people are "perfidious, treacherous, but undeniable, if not their magnificent diplomacy, it is difficult to imagine that Prussia could loom over the powers of Europe were able to survive and grow solidarity . allies, isolating his opponents,Prussia's most basic diplomatic policy allies, isolating his opponents,Prussia's most basic diplomatic policy .
, for example, in operation since 1834 the Zollverein was a Prussian achievements - not only promoted the development of economy, but for the entire German politics began to move along with it, as well as enhance the leadership of Prussia unified Germany's ability and determination, which in turn gradually from out of the polity and Austrian German, aims at the same time , for example, in operation since 1834 the Zollverein was a Prussian achievements - not only promoted the development of economy, but for the entire German politics began to move along with it, as well as enhance the leadership of Prussia unified Germany's ability and determination, which in turn gradually from out of the polity and Austrian German, aims at the same time . is the customs union is somewhat similar to what is now the European Union, each of the countries (states) through political and economic integration, and finally to the unity of the Community closer to having a good win is the customs union is somewhat similar to what is now the European Union, each of the countries (states) through political and economic integration, and finally to the unity of the Community closer to having a good win .
Prussian German nations, as a member of the customs union,These nations get material benefit, plus their degree of development and did not reach even close to the Prussian level, and became the Prussian bourgeoisie which at Central Prussian German nations, as a member of the customs union,These nations get material benefit, plus their degree of development and did not reach even close to the Prussian level, and became the Prussian bourgeoisie which at Central . these bourgeois to Prussia as their own, economically and politically in the future of the avant - garde of the backer these bourgeois to Prussia as their own, economically and politically in the future of the avant - garde of the backer .
such, Prussia began jumped to the top of the German leadership such, Prussia began jumped to the top of the German leadership . of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic wars of 1805 - 1807 military victories in the Napoleon occupied and controlledmaking the most of Germany, the Kingdom of Prussia as the French - British anti - Russian vassal of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic wars of 1805 - 1807 military victories in the Napoleon occupied and controlledmaking the most of Germany, the Kingdom of Prussia as the French - British anti - Russian vassal .
is the safeguard and realize the great interests of the bourgeoisie in France, Napoleon in the Prussian military occupation, political domination and diplomatic maneuver, also according to the French Revolution and of the mode, in the local had imposed a series of reforms such as eliminating is the safeguard and realize the great interests of the bourgeoisie in France, Napoleon in the Prussian military occupation, political domination and diplomatic maneuver, also according to the French Revolution and of the mode, in the local had imposed a series of reforms such as eliminating . Church and the privileges of the nobility; the abolition of serfdom, relieving the peasants by the landlord of the feudal duty; abolishing the ancient laws and institutions, the abolition of the guild regulations like Church and the privileges of the nobility; the abolition of serfdom, relieving the peasants by the landlord of the feudal duty; abolishing the ancient laws and institutions, the abolition of the guild regulations like .
although due to the frequent wars, and tried to prevent the anti - French forces of Napoleon, the German bourgeois reforms ultimately failed to persevere,But the move has been made to the German future shock effect by although due to the frequent wars, and tried to prevent the anti - French forces of Napoleon, the German bourgeois reforms ultimately failed to persevere,But the move has been made to the German future shock effect by . because Napoleon violently cleansed by the feudal forces and control, fostering the growth of capitalism in the relationship, only to have a true sense of the modern industry, also made the German bourgeoisie developed considerably and hence because Napoleon violently cleansed by the feudal forces and control, fostering the growth of capitalism in the relationship, only to have a true sense of the modern industry, also made the German bourgeoisie developed considerably and hence .
Engels once said: "Napoleon is the creator of the German bourgeois he is the representative of the German Revolution, the revolutionary principle of disseminators, is the old gravedigger of feudalism" conclusion, via a special road of development,Prussia until a century within the rapid rise of the accomplished unity of modern Germany, the Prussian sometimes became the German spirit and culture of a "Prussian path" of history, also in the sense that it is constantly given to our warning and conclusion, via a special road of development,Prussia until a century within the rapid rise of the accomplished unity of modern Germany, the Prussian sometimes became the German spirit and culture of a "Prussian path" of history, also in the sense that it is constantly given to our warning and .
National System
Juncker - German Empire is a dictatorship of the bourgeoisie, with a strong feudal, military and bureaucratic capitalism after the country Juncker - German Empire is a dictatorship of the bourgeoisie, with a strong feudal, military and bureaucratic capitalism after the country . of the unified German Empire decided by the national road of royalism, Juncker, activism and militarism of the of the unified German Empire decided by the national road of royalism, Juncker, activism and militarism of the .
character in 1871 on April 16 of the Constitution of the German Empire, the German Empire was proclaimed a constitutional monarchy (binary) of the federal State character in 1871 on April 16 of the Constitution of the German Empire, the German Empire was proclaimed a constitutional monarchy (binary) of the federal State . Empire Heads is the emperor, by the King of Prussia, who, with the appointment of prime minister and senior officials; convening and dissolution of parliament, declare war, peace and power, while the army is the supreme commander of the imperial vizier by Empire Heads is the emperor, by the King of Prussia, who, with the appointment of prime minister and senior officials; convening and dissolution of parliament, declare war, peace and power, while the army is the supreme commander of the imperial vizier by .
served as Premier of Prussia,Only the emperor, who was in charge of the served as Premier of Prussia,Only the emperor, who was in charge of the . empire on the legislative power of Congress and the Federal Parliament, the latter appointed by the state governments of 58 representatives, Prussia a decisive majority in parliament, could veto the Reichstag empire on the legislative power of Congress and the Federal Parliament, the latter appointed by the state governments of 58 representatives, Prussia a decisive majority in parliament, could veto the Reichstag .
proposals adopted by the Imperial Parliament elected by universal suffrage, the election of its budgetary and legislative powers by the federal parliament in restricting proposals adopted by the Imperial Parliament elected by universal suffrage, the election of its budgetary and legislative powers by the federal parliament in restricting . Empire plays a role in determining the emperor and prime minister, Jean - Claude Juncker, the bourgeois governments at various levels and military privileges in Empire plays a role in determining the emperor and prime minister, Jean - Claude Juncker, the bourgeois governments at various levels and military privileges in .
State The Nature Of The
to the Kingdom of Prussia () as the core and so on, by means of these dynastic wars established the constitutional monarchy of the duality of the German Federal State to the Kingdom of Prussia () as the core and so on, by means of these dynastic wars established the constitutional monarchy of the duality of the German Federal State .
Policies
Germany in the early empire, and outside of the actual policy makers Bismarck Germany in the early empire, and outside of the actual policy makers Bismarck . which is to protect the continuer of the Prussian Junker and the privilege of being able to take care of the interests of the big bourgeoisie which is to protect the continuer of the Prussian Junker and the privilege of being able to take care of the interests of the big bourgeoisie .
1872 began to counter - cultural struggle of the Catholic Church, in 1878, and published "Socialist Law", in 1879, and taken on a hefty tariff for 1872 began to counter - cultural struggle of the Catholic Church, in 1878, and published "Socialist Law", in 1879, and taken on a hefty tariff for . foreign policy is to "cure" for the continent is the target of a mainland policy, for which purpose the 1873 restoration of the German, Russian, Austrian Emperors Alliance, 1882 in Germany and Austria, and Italy's alliance with foreign policy is to "cure" for the continent is the target of a mainland policy, for which purpose the 1873 restoration of the German, Russian, Austrian Emperors Alliance, 1882 in Germany and Austria, and Italy's alliance with .
1888 William I died, his son Frederick III only 99 days, i.e., has died.Jiang Taigong's grandson, William II ascended the throne after the dismissal of Bismarck in 1890, to strengthen their decision - making rights of in the late 1990s, with the further fusion between the bourgeois Junker, while actively expanding its armament, nakedly advocating aggression, expansion and colonial powers, to promote a world, preferring to redivide the world in the late 1990s, with the further fusion between the bourgeois Junker, while actively expanding its armament, nakedly advocating aggression, expansion and colonial powers, to promote a world, preferring to redivide the world .
at the beginning of the 20th century, the domestic contradiction, between British, Russian, French and other incumbent of the contradiction between imperialism and also on the rise, leading to the outbreak of the First World War German at the beginning of the 20th century, the domestic contradiction, between British, Russian, French and other incumbent of the contradiction between imperialism and also on the rise, leading to the outbreak of the First World War German . were defeated in a war, in 1918 and the German November revolution to overthrow the Hohenzollern dynasty, the German Empire came to an end when were defeated in a war, in 1918 and the German November revolution to overthrow the Hohenzollern dynasty, the German Empire came to an end when .
Juncker System
Jean - Claude Juncker, the former means no knighthood were of the nobility, generally after the Prussian aristocracy and large landowners Jean - Claude Juncker, the former means no knighthood were of the nobility, generally after the Prussian aristocracy and large landowners . originated in the 16th century, after World War II the basic demise originated in the 16th century, after World War II the basic demise .
in German literature in Juncker is divided into combat Juncker, Jean - Claude Juncker, the palace, along with Mr Juncker and Rural Junker etc. by in German history truly played a bigger role in the Rural Junker is in German history truly played a bigger role in the Rural Junker is .
Rural Junker refers to the noble lord of manor in Prussia, mainly is the conquest of the area east of the Elbe) and their colony of the lords of German knights, who were descendants of Rural Junker refers to the noble lord of manor in Prussia, mainly is the conquest of the area east of the Elbe) and their colony of the lords of German knights, who were descendants of . seigneury with rural regime to seigneury with rural regime to .
16 century, Juncker's desire to expand grain production,lot east of the Elbe the dispossession of the land were peasants, serfs of servitude to business commodity production of Economy Provided with Charactistics of 16 century, Juncker's desire to expand grain production,lot east of the Elbe the dispossession of the land were peasants, serfs of servitude to business commodity production of Economy Provided with Charactistics of . Rural Junker has rough, violent, parochial features Rural Junker has rough, violent, parochial features .
1653, the election of the electors of Brandenburg Friedrich II granted William Juncker as" totally dominated "the power of the peasants, and like a lot of economic preferences have been exempt from 1653, the election of the electors of Brandenburg Friedrich II granted William Juncker as" totally dominated "the power of the peasants, and like a lot of economic preferences have been exempt from . in 1807 by the beginning of the reforms of Stein and Hardenberg, Juncker suffered a major blow to in 1807 by the beginning of the reforms of Stein and Hardenberg, Juncker suffered a major blow to .
19th century Prussia since the rapid development of capitalism,Juncker has complete breakdown of the economic foundation of the feudal and manorial 19th century Prussia since the rapid development of capitalism,Juncker has complete breakdown of the economic foundation of the feudal and manorial . Prussia to this important post for military officers and government official in the Juncker as Prussia to this important post for military officers and government official in the Juncker as .
compensation given to Germany after the revolution of 1848, the Junker manor economy is gradually transformed into a capitalist farms, most of the bourgeois Junker began, but still retained many vestiges of compensation given to Germany after the revolution of 1848, the Junker manor economy is gradually transformed into a capitalist farms, most of the bourgeois Junker began, but still retained many vestiges of . in the manor of Junker, the farmers were still in semi - serf status in the manor of Junker, the farmers were still in semi - serf status .
in this retained the feudal ownership of land under a condition of capitalist exploitation exploitation of serfdom was gradually replaced in a manner which will be referred to as the Prussian Junker landlords of the road in this retained the feudal ownership of land under a condition of capitalist exploitation exploitation of serfdom was gradually replaced in a manner which will be referred to as the Prussian Junker landlords of the road . in the political aspects of extreme conservatism, advocated absolute monarchy,on militarism, the use of protectionism in favour of agriculture, which was typified by the Bismarck in the political aspects of extreme conservatism, advocated absolute monarchy,on militarism, the use of protectionism in favour of agriculture, which was typified by the Bismarck .
1871 Prussia "on" a unified Germany, Junkers flag of bourgeois rule and the final form of the Congress of the German Empire in the 1871 Prussia "on" a unified Germany, Junkers flag of bourgeois rule and the final form of the Congress of the German Empire in the . conservatives in Congress and outside of the Agrarian League represents the interests of the Junker, with army officers also are made up to the Juncker, whereby the whole of the German Empire on the Junkers branded conservatives in Congress and outside of the Agrarian League represents the interests of the Junker, with army officers also are made up to the Juncker, whereby the whole of the German Empire on the Junkers branded .
of the weimar republic, Juncker hostile republics, in support of Adolf Hitler's of the weimar republic, Juncker hostile republics, in support of Adolf Hitler's .
State Of The Nation
Economic
In the mid 19th century Germany still engaged in farming and, in 1852 during the approximately 50% of the population works in agriculture In the mid 19th century Germany still engaged in farming and, in 1852 during the approximately 50% of the population works in agriculture . early in 1834 in German has set up a customs union, to eliminate tariffs between states, promote economic development.
marry with the development of the economy, plus a plethora of small reparations after the Franco - Prussian War, Bismarck's Prussia carried out under the leadership of the Industrial Revolution, the rapid growth in the economy, many in the countryside to the cities, which provides the amount of labor, industrial production of laborer, in 1882 the German industry's share of the total workforce of 40%, the Ruhr region of Germany become more industrial center marry with the development of the economy, plus a plethora of small reparations after the Franco - Prussian War, Bismarck's Prussia carried out under the leadership of the Industrial Revolution, the rapid growth in the economy, many in the countryside to the cities, which provides the amount of labor, industrial production of laborer, in 1882 the German industry's share of the total workforce of 40%, the Ruhr region of Germany become more industrial center . 1873 Bismarck founded Empire, viz.is responsible for the country's railways, a rapidly expanding empire, and the total length of the railway in 1865, only 14, 690 km, 1875 in 27, 960 km, the production and freight transportation time
by Germany - also boosted and, by 1870 of 140 tons, go to 1913 has exceeded 1, 000 tons, the coal output increases 3 times by Germany - also boosted and, by 1870 of 140 tons, go to 1913 has exceeded 1, 000 tons, the coal output increases 3 times . in the rapid economic development in the heart of the Great Depression of 1873 put Germany's economic growth slows, Germany in 1879 by Cockerell, tariffs to protect domestic agriculture,Germany's economy would until 1895 to 1913 restored from Germany in this period was the creation of new industries such as chemicals, electronics, house of Bismarck's policy of protective tariff; however in the rapid economic development in the heart of the Great Depression of 1873 put Germany's economic growth slows, Germany in 1879 by Cockerell, tariffs to protect domestic agriculture,Germany's economy would until 1895 to 1913 restored from Germany in this period was the creation of new industries such as chemicals, electronics, house of Bismarck's policy of protective tariff; however .
the end of the 19th century have lost effectiveness, which not only makes the domestic price soared, and recruit foreign and retaliatory attacks, the German industrial products are not ideal, in Caprivi took this policy adjustment the end of the 19th century have lost effectiveness, which not only makes the domestic price soared, and recruit foreign and retaliatory attacks, the German industrial products are not ideal, in Caprivi took this policy adjustment . shortly after the outbreak of the First World War, Germany is a quick in - and managed to beat France and Russia, but the fighting continues, because Germany does not fight a protracted war of preparation, the 1915 annual food shortages, mainly in Britain caused by the blockade,Many food cannot entry to Germany, in June the government to implement quotas into shortly after the outbreak of the First World War, Germany is a quick in - and managed to beat France and Russia, but the fighting continues, because Germany does not fight a protracted war of preparation, the 1915 annual food shortages, mainly in Britain caused by the blockade,Many food cannot entry to Germany, in June the government to implement quotas into .
bread from 1916 to 1917, the situation is more serious, serious shortages of bread, appearing in town and robbed grains, robbed shops, demonstrations of the case, many farmers are no longer with the crop went to the market, to avoid being snatched by about 70 million people died of starvation during the war, the postwar malnutrition is widespread, many young people due to nutritional deficiencies considered to be unfit for work simply to the bread from 1916 to 1917, the situation is more serious, serious shortages of bread, appearing in town and robbed grains, robbed shops, demonstrations of the case, many farmers are no longer with the crop went to the market, to avoid being snatched by about 70 million people died of starvation during the war, the postwar malnutrition is widespread, many young people due to nutritional deficiencies considered to be unfit for work simply to the . food is short, the Quartermaster, too, all the ammunition in October 1914, the factory is understaffed, the only woman, in 1918, women in factory employment up to 2.3 million,higher in 1913 of the 160 million workers is much higher and
Quartermaster of a lower salary, long hours, plus the original welfare during the war had been canceled, so that the deeply disgruntled workers, 1918 prompted demonstrations, strikes, he finally joined the revolutionary ranks Quartermaster of a lower salary, long hours, plus the original welfare during the war had been canceled, so that the deeply disgruntled workers, 1918 prompted demonstrations, strikes, he finally joined the revolutionary ranks .
Social
Most of the early German workers living and working conditions are very harsh, early German workers lower wages, lack of security, housing and public facilities had not kept up with the influx, the needs of workers as one of the many, often with the number of people sharing one room Most of the early German workers living and working conditions are very harsh, early German workers lower wages, lack of security, housing and public facilities had not kept up with the influx, the needs of workers as one of the many, often with the number of people sharing one room . the city's health is poor, sanitation is the original the city's health is poor, sanitation is the original .
in 1883; and the government has launched the Sickness Insurance, Accident Insurance Law of 1884 and 1889 catastrophe of the Elderly and Disability Insurance Act, 1911 is a member of the staff of the Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China, the reason we're the one that it possesses excellent security system in 1883; and the government has launched the Sickness Insurance, Accident Insurance Law of 1884 and 1889 catastrophe of the Elderly and Disability Insurance Act, 1911 is a member of the staff of the Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China, the reason we're the one that it possesses excellent security system . and the government she also supported the building of homes, shortened workers' hours,In 1878 the legislation stipulates that women and children shall not conduct any activity detrimental to the body of work, the 14 - and 16 - year - olds work day must not exceed 10 and the government she also supported the building of homes, shortened workers' hours,In 1878 the legislation stipulates that women and children shall not conduct any activity detrimental to the body of work, the 14 - and 16 - year - olds work day must not exceed 10 .
in Germany over the inequalities between women and men is quite common, women are second class citizens without the right to vote, legal discrimination against women, unequal pay, the right to education, even in the Empire in 1908 by women before the law is not involved in the political rights, including trade unions and political parties in Germany over the inequalities between women and men is quite common, women are second class citizens without the right to vote, legal discrimination against women, unequal pay, the right to education, even in the Empire in 1908 by women before the law is not involved in the political rights, including trade unions and political parties . prewar contraception method is not very popular, and therefore each of the families have four to five children, plus the death rate gradually decreases, resulting in a decrease in the population is increasing prewar contraception method is not very popular, and therefore each of the families have four to five children, plus the death rate gradually decreases, resulting in a decrease in the population is increasing .
founded in 1865 to German women,mainly the promotion of education and employment equity, but Willem II until they were de facto founded in 1865 to German women,mainly the promotion of education and employment equity, but Willem II until they were de facto .
Education
Compared to other European countries, the German education system, it can be said that considerable progress is Compared to other European countries, the German education system, it can be said that considerable progress is . at the beginning of the 19th century most of the fortress, through legislation, national regulations shall receive basic compulsory education at the beginning of the 19th century most of the fortress, through legislation, national regulations shall receive basic compulsory education .
1871, Prussia's 33,000 elementary school, children learn about 400 million people, and in 1911 increased to 39,000 students up to 650 million people so the people of Germany 1871, Prussia's 33,000 elementary school, children learn about 400 million people, and in 1911 increased to 39,000 students up to 650 million people so the people of Germany . literacy even until the late 19th century, of every 1,000 Germans, unable to read or write of illiterate people in less than 5 literacy even until the late 19th century, of every 1,000 Germans, unable to read or write of illiterate people in less than 5 .
schools to instil loyalty Zhongguo, discipline, hard work, many subjects in the history of the most attention, schools to instil loyalty Zhongguo, discipline, hard work, many subjects in the history of the most attention,. schoolchildren must familiarise themselves with the country's history however there are only a handful of people can continue their education after primary school completion, a total of a good relationship with their children of the wealthy to Secondary Schools and the university, does not encourage students to critically judge things, while the female university students in the 20th century is new in thing schoolchildren must familiarise themselves with the country's history however there are only a handful of people can continue their education after primary school completion, a total of a good relationship with their children of the wealthy to Secondary Schools and the university, does not encourage students to critically judge things, while the female university students in the 20th century is new in thing .
Military
German armies in 1870, only 40 million people, of this and by 1911 had increased to 864 million people German armies in 1870, only 40 million people, of this and by 1911 had increased to 864 million people . national conscription, all men must serve, during the constantly instill the concept of a nation, accept the training and discipline and ideological unity of national conscription, all men must serve, during the constantly instill the concept of a nation, accept the training and discipline and ideological unity of .
officers are mostly from the aristocracy, in 1860, with 65 per cent military officers from aristocratic families, but this proportion declines, and in 1913 only 30% officers are mostly from the aristocracy, in 1860, with 65 per cent military officers from aristocratic families, but this proportion declines, and in 1913 only 30% . 1890s, German chauvinism groups made up most of the forces in the pan - German Association, has extolled the virtues of Germanic racial superiority on Development, the United Kingdom, and France colonized countries, the re - annexation of the small nations,to establish the Great German Empire, on the part of Germany and have certain impact on 1890s, German chauvinism groups made up most of the forces in the pan - German Association, has extolled the virtues of Germanic racial superiority on Development, the United Kingdom, and France colonized countries, the re - annexation of the small nations,to establish the Great German Empire, on the part of Germany and have certain impact on .
in 1887, by the military, for legislation to increase military spending in 1887, by the military, for legislation to increase military spending . 1898 establishment of the German Navy League, and passed the first naval expansion bill, and in 1903 built before that 11 of the ironclads, 63 destroyers, 23 cruisers 1898 establishment of the German Navy League, and passed the first naval expansion bill, and in 1903 built before that 11 of the ironclads, 63 destroyers, 23 cruisers .
1900 through second Navy Act, 1915 years ago seven battleships, eleven ships heavy patrol ship baa, baa 34 light patrol ship and 100 naval destroyers, the German Navy resorted to measures that Britain in 1900 through second Navy Act, 1915 years ago seven battleships, eleven ships heavy patrol ship baa, baa 34 light patrol ship and 100 naval destroyers, the German Navy resorted to measures that Britain in . 1906 British - built dreadnought, the third through the Navy Act,Germany to build dreadnought 1906 British - built dreadnought, the third through the Navy Act,Germany to build dreadnought .
naval capacity caused British concern, at the same time, the arms race, in 1908 when the UK has 8 dreadnought, Germany has seven to become the world's naval powers naval capacity caused British concern, at the same time, the arms race, in 1908 when the UK has 8 dreadnought, Germany has seven to become the world's naval powers . in 1891, the German Chief of Staff of the start method of adjustment of the Russia's battle plan to a quick end to the principle of 4 to 6 weeks in beating France 3 - 4 months in Russia, the final plan was completed in 1905, this is the famous in 1891, the German Chief of Staff of the start method of adjustment of the Russia's battle plan to a quick end to the principle of 4 to 6 weeks in beating France 3 - 4 months in Russia, the final plan was completed in 1905, this is the famous .
plan of preparation for the war, German military expenditure is increasing, in 1879 only 4. 28 DM to 1913 has exceeded 20 billion marks,In 1874 the army (from 40 million to 75 million before the war, 390 ships, sailors up to 8 million people while , William II also actively in foreign expansion, even in the Second Moroccan Crisis in the "Leopard" warship that sailed to Morocco, in protest of the triple entente , William II also actively in foreign expansion, even in the Second Moroccan Crisis in the "Leopard" warship that sailed to Morocco, in protest of the triple entente .
of the composition of China's development and the formation of the opposing military blocs, June 28, 1914 Sarajevo became the First World War, Germany to intervene in the war, implementing plans, French - Russian declaration of war to the of the composition of China's development and the formation of the opposing military blocs, June 28, 1914 Sarajevo became the First World War, Germany to intervene in the war, implementing plans, French - Russian declaration of war to the . In the Germans cannot prevail, with the result, in the final on November 11, 1918 surrender, German demise In the Germans cannot prevail, with the result, in the final on November 11, 1918 surrender, German demise .
Diplomatic
Bismarck's policy toward the mainland has always adopted the continental policy to incite the uk and russia will be mutually opposed an alliance with Austria, France and halt Russian expansion, with the aim of consolidating the reich in continental europe's hegemony over the Bismarck's policy toward the mainland has always adopted the continental policy to incite the uk and russia will be mutually opposed an alliance with Austria, France and halt Russian expansion, with the aim of consolidating the reich in continental europe's hegemony over the . 1873, German, Russian, Austrian Emperors forged an alliance, is a very vulgar military covenant, between them there is a contradiction, so the Three Emperors Alliance is not a stable alliance 1873, German, Russian, Austrian Emperors forged an alliance, is a very vulgar military covenant, between them there is a contradiction, so the Three Emperors Alliance is not a stable alliance .
Bismarck thought France needs a long time, France in the Franco - Prussian War and the Paris Commune in renewing them, but in 1873 a compo pay 50 million francs in reparations,forced the Germans to withdraw France Bismarck thought France needs a long time, France in the Franco - Prussian War and the Paris Commune in renewing them, but in 1873 a compo pay 50 million francs in reparations,forced the Germans to withdraw France . Bismarck unwilling to France and on the rise again, in 1874 under the pretext of France vengeful, massing troops at the border, led to a war crisis Bismarck unwilling to France and on the rise again, in 1874 under the pretext of France vengeful, massing troops at the border, led to a war crisis .
Bismarck allies believe Juan is just being established, France and Russia would not oppose the action, but Russia does not want Germany to excessively strong, and France is one can balance effectively the countries of Germany, Czar Alexander II of Bismarck's criticism, saying Russia will not turn a blind eye, Bismarck had to abandon the action Bismarck allies believe Juan is just being established, France and Russia would not oppose the action, but Russia does not want Germany to excessively strong, and France is one can balance effectively the countries of Germany, Czar Alexander II of Bismarck's criticism, saying Russia will not turn a blind eye, Bismarck had to abandon the action . 1878 held Berlin Conference, hosted by the Bismarck, it the case of Germany is not only a revision of the Treaty of San Stefano,Instead of a display of strength 1878 held Berlin Conference, hosted by the Bismarck, it the case of Germany is not only a revision of the Treaty of San Stefano,Instead of a display of strength .
of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the German, British and Austrian German curry their favor, while Russia has interests in meetings almost completely lost, causing de - russia relations to of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the German, British and Austrian German curry their favor, while Russia has interests in meetings almost completely lost, causing de - russia relations to . 1879 - Austrian alliance in 1882 to include Italy, composed of the Triple Alliance 1879 - Austrian alliance in 1882 to include Italy, composed of the Triple Alliance .
1879 German resort to protectionist trade policy, restricting Russian grain inlet, by the 1980s, the German - Russian relations is essentially untenable, the French initiative, put forward Franco - Russian alliance in 1887, 1888 and provides 5 million francs to help Russia to solve the financial difficulties, and in 1889 provided 19 1879 German resort to protectionist trade policy, restricting Russian grain inlet, by the 1980s, the German - Russian relations is essentially untenable, the French initiative, put forward Franco - Russian alliance in 1887, 1888 and provides 5 million francs to help Russia to solve the financial difficulties, and in 1889 provided 19 . billion to Russia in order to maintain a Russo - German relationship,In 1887, signed the Reinsurance Treaty, but in 1890, the minister in the Caprivi and Russia refused to renew the Russian camp to join the Anglo - French world billion to Russia in order to maintain a Russo - German relationship,In 1887, signed the Reinsurance Treaty, but in 1890, the minister in the Caprivi and Russia refused to renew the Russian camp to join the Anglo - French world .
William II pursued policies of world policy, the policy of Bismarck's continental style with an entirely different world William II pursued policies of world policy, the policy of Bismarck's continental style with an entirely different world . policy is to establish a strong military and colonial empire, and this leads to a UK policy is to establish a strong military and colonial empire, and this leads to a UK .
soured in July 1890 and Germany signed Hull Guolan Zanzibar Treaty, in order to solve the German colonies in the South China Sea between China and temporarily improving relations that soured in July 1890 and Germany signed Hull Guolan Zanzibar Treaty, in order to solve the German colonies in the South China Sea between China and temporarily improving relations that . William II in the late 19th century, in a positive, especially the navy, the intervention of Foreign Trade And Economic Cooperation And The Ministry of the Colonies,british interest William II in the late 19th century, in a positive, especially the navy, the intervention of Foreign Trade And Economic Cooperation And The Ministry of the Colonies,british interest .
1895 invasion of Transvaal, William II made a protest at the UK's failures, Kaiser Wilhelm II congratulated the Transvaal, with the result that the British sent warships to the North Sea and English Channel demonstrations 1895 invasion of Transvaal, William II made a protest at the UK's failures, Kaiser Wilhelm II congratulated the Transvaal, with the result that the British sent warships to the North Sea and English Channel demonstrations . 1897 German occupation of China's Shandong Peninsula, 1897 German occupation of China's Shandong Peninsula, .
1898 in Britain and Germany signed a secret agreement, carving up Portuguese East Africa, German intervention to prevent the upcoming of the Second Boer War, while Germany has also promised not to support the Boer people 1898 in Britain and Germany signed a secret agreement, carving up Portuguese East Africa, German intervention to prevent the upcoming of the Second Boer War, while Germany has also promised not to support the Boer people . in 1899 by the Spanish - American War, and purchased in Guam, the Caroline Islands and Palau in 1899 by the Spanish - American War, and purchased in Guam, the Caroline Islands and Palau .
however was far less pronounced in the area of the German colony of both Britain and France,And how is the poor of the land, William II these unreconciled to harvest, with the French and German competition however was far less pronounced in the area of the German colony of both Britain and France,And how is the poor of the land, William II these unreconciled to harvest, with the French and German competition . directly behind the U.K. 's decision to build a fleet, this would undoubtedly have caused discontent in the UK, the threat to British maritime supremacy, the Anglo - German relations
1903 obtained Baghdad railway building right after "3B plans, connecting Berlin and Baghdad, in Constantinople, to Germany's power infiltrate into the Ottoman Empire, the British proposed to 1903 obtained Baghdad railway building right after "3B plans, connecting Berlin and Baghdad, in Constantinople, to Germany's power infiltrate into the Ottoman Empire, the British proposed to . Germany railway connection along the Persian Gulf last building right to cede it to Britain, but Germany rejected British Germany railway connection along the Persian Gulf last building right to cede it to Britain, but Germany rejected British .
then a governor in a British fleet under the escort of police,In the Persian Gulf in time for the start of the voyage, the Anglo - German relations are tense over then a governor in a British fleet under the escort of police,In the Persian Gulf in time for the start of the voyage, the Anglo - German relations are tense over . 1905 in Morocco and France, who initiated the First Moroccan Crisis, William II - permeable Morocco and expressed willingness to protect the independence of Morocco and its territorial integrity, the last independent Morocco 1905 in Morocco and France, who initiated the First Moroccan Crisis, William II - permeable Morocco and expressed willingness to protect the independence of Morocco and its territorial integrity, the last independent Morocco .
sparked the Second Moroccan Crisis of 1911, Germany sent a warship to morocco, british intervention, Germany is the last part of the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and recognized the French protectorate of Morocco as sparked the Second Moroccan Crisis of 1911, Germany sent a warship to morocco, british intervention, Germany is the last part of the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and recognized the French protectorate of Morocco as . 28 June 1914 in Sarajevo event occurs, the Austrian to represent Germany's unconditional support, as a result of russia to austria, germany to the Russian declaration of war, 28 June 1914 in Sarajevo event occurs, the Austrian to represent Germany's unconditional support, as a result of russia to austria, germany to the Russian declaration of war,.
the beginning of the First World War.
Empire Rayonu
Native in Germany before the reunification of the empire, German regions divided in the 39 independent states which include Native in Germany before the reunification of the empire, German regions divided in the 39 independent states which include . kingdom, a duchy, principality, kingdom of Prince, the Free and Hanseatic city of imperial crown and collared kingdom, a duchy, principality, kingdom of Prince, the Free and Hanseatic city of imperial crown and collared .
Prussian empire is composed of many nations, one of the largest in the country, accounting for the entire territory of the empire which at Prussian empire is composed of many nations, one of the largest in the country, accounting for the entire territory of the empire which at . 60 in which the Holy Roman Empire in the wake of the collapse has been an independent sovereign nations are in the rest of the 60 in which the Holy Roman Empire in the wake of the collapse has been an independent sovereign nations are in the rest of the .
of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 after the independent sovereignty of a territory which at of the Congress of Vienna in 1815 after the independent sovereignty of a territory which at . may not be one continuous piece of territory,may be divided into several portions distributed in Deutsch may not be one continuous piece of territory,may be divided into several portions distributed in Deutsch .
throughout this territory through a branch of that family carve - up, or is obtained through the purchase of throughout this territory through a branch of that family carve - up, or is obtained through the purchase of . empire within each Member State will send representatives to the Federal Assembly of the Empire and Imperial Parliament empire within each Member State will send representatives to the Federal Assembly of the Empire and Imperial Parliament .
empire and the center of each of the relations between the States of the not very fixed, still in foundation stage empire and the center of each of the relations between the States of the not very fixed, still in foundation stage . Imperial German emperors were rather large area, such as he is able to mediate between the states of the debate,Or is the fortress of inheritance problems Imperial German emperors were rather large area, such as he is able to mediate between the states of the debate,Or is the fortress of inheritance problems .
in 1871 the German Empire in 1871 the German Empire in the name of the district (Berlin), Oberbayern (Munich) kingdom kingdom Palatinate in the Kingdom of Prussia (Brandenburg Berlin) in the province of Hesse province of Hanover, Wilhelmshaven of the Hohenzollern with the Prussian duchy of Lauenburg (composed of a personal union until 1876,And then incorporated into the Schleswig - Holstein) Nassau East Prussian province of Saxony in Poznan, Pomorze Rhine province of Silesia in Schleswig - Holstein, West Prussia, the Kingdom of Westphalia Saxony (Dresden) (the Duchy of Wurttemberg Kingdom) Stuttgart Baden (Karlsruhe) Grand Duchy of Hesse (Grand Duchy of Hesse - Darmstadt (Darmstadt) (the Duchy of Oldenburg in Oldenburg) Bill's Hou Hou Lubeck (Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg - Schwerin) in Mecklenburg - Schwerin streeck in the Principality's new - style '(' s) Saxe - Weimar - Eisenach (Grand Duchy of Weimar) offices.State of Anhalt) in Dessau Principality (Duchy of Brunswick (Braunschweig) Saxe - Altenburg (Duchess of Saxe - Coburg - Altenburg) and Gotha (personal) Alliance (Coburg), Saxe - Meiningen (Meiningen Marquisate Lippe Marquisate Detmold) Royce Marquisate of old lines (Gramercy) (5,340 Reuss principalities in Greiz) Schaumburg - Lippe Marquisate Bückeburg) Schwartz Castle - Rudolstadt Marquisate Rudolstadt Schwartz Castle - Sondershausen Marquisate of Sondershausen) Waldeck principality (Arolsen) was Imperial territory of Alsace - Lorraine territory Empire (1873)Strasbourg the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, Hamburg, the Free Hanseatic City of Luebeck Cuxhaven Free Hanseatic Cities
History Effect
Reich is the future of Germany and Europe have an enormous impact in Reich is the future of Germany and Europe have an enormous impact in . under the leadership of Bismarck, a united German state finally composed, but dominated by Prussia, Austria and Germany belong to the excluded under the leadership of Bismarck, a united German state finally composed, but dominated by Prussia, Austria and Germany belong to the excluded .
Prussian militarism and imperial influence in its governance of the colony of Empire and created a negative image, especially in its German colonial purposes of extermination of the Order of the First World War and sparked Prussian militarism and imperial influence in its governance of the colony of Empire and created a negative image, especially in its German colonial purposes of extermination of the Order of the First World War and sparked . empire also promulgated a series of progressive social reform bill, such as to guarantee the freedom of the press, establish the social welfare system and the like but it is also allowable empire also promulgated a series of progressive social reform bill, such as to guarantee the freedom of the press, establish the social welfare system and the like but it is also allowable .
racist against racial discrimination by non - Germans,Empire led some pundits to be referred to as an "apartheid state" racist against racial discrimination by non - Germans,Empire led some pundits to be referred to as an "apartheid state" . empire of the federal parliament (Reichstag) also has a modern voting system, each male adult who each are entitled to vote to elect representatives of empire of the federal parliament (Reichstag) also has a modern voting system, each male adult who each are entitled to vote to elect representatives of .
's empire, and he is officially considered "enemy of the Reich" of the Socialists and the Catholic party, become political in the empire should not deny our view on the role of the 's empire, and he is officially considered "enemy of the Reich" of the Socialists and the Catholic party, become political in the empire should not deny our view on the role of the . in the German Empire of the period,College and university life left art and literature development became prosperous in the German Empire of the period,College and university life left art and literature development became prosperous .
1901 Thomas Mann published his novel "steadily family" 1901 Thomas Mann published his novel "steadily family" . Theo Mommsen on Roman history of works for which he won the 1902 Nobel Prize for Literature in Theo Mommsen on Roman history of works for which he won the 1902 Nobel Prize for Literature in .
blue Cavalier and Bridge School painters such as modern art is making an important contribution to the blue Cavalier and Bridge School painters such as modern art is making an important contribution to the . Peter Behrens' 1909 AEG turbine Berlin design of the building is considered a milestone in classic modern architecture and an outstanding example of the functional buildings of Peter Behrens' 1909 AEG turbine Berlin design of the building is considered a milestone in classic modern architecture and an outstanding example of the functional buildings of .
social, economic and scientific progress,William II led to the domination of the German Empire in this period considered a golden period for social, economic and scientific progress,William II led to the domination of the German Empire in this period considered a golden period for . in the economic sphere, the emperor for Germany to become the world's leading economic power has been made on a basis of in the economic sphere, the emperor for Germany to become the world's leading economic power has been made on a basis of .
particularly the Ruhr, the Saar and Upper Silesia regions of coal and steel industry is also an economy more and more important role in the development of particularly the Ruhr, the Saar and Upper Silesia regions of coal and steel industry is also an economy more and more important role in the development of . Karl Benz in 1886 work began on the first car of the Karl Benz in 1886 work began on the first car of the .
booming industrial production and potential have also quickened the pace of urbanization in Germany, Germany became urban - majority country booming industrial production and potential have also quickened the pace of urbanization in Germany, Germany became urban - majority country . of the German Empire in support of the Austro - Hungarian Empire against Russia's invasion of Serbia in the action,Are placed there many historians believe the system is of great importance to Europe's two major military conflict, triggered the First World War the German Empire in World War I of the German Empire in support of the Austro - Hungarian Empire against Russia's invasion of Serbia in the action,Are placed there many historians believe the system is of great importance to Europe's two major military conflict, triggered the First World War the German Empire in World War I .
reasons of defeat, and was dismantled after the signing of the Treaty of Versailles due to territorial and economic losses, while at the same time, the newly established Weimar Republic split into multiple factions, conservatives, liberals, socialists, nationalists, Catholics and Protestants competed to offer an opinion on the definition of the new political system, the functioning of the Government of the country, and so on.After the decline of a political cause and the drastic social rival peak historians for years amid a continuing debate over whether the German Empire's political and social factors that led to the establishment of Nazi Germany and later become inevitable historians for years amid a continuing debate over whether the German Empire's political and social factors that led to the establishment of Nazi Germany and later become inevitable .
Fritz Fischer, Hans - Ulrich Bubolz's form and Wolfgang Mommsen, etc of some historian, argued that the German Empire; some "pre - modern" aristocratic elite had been German social isolation and, thereby, the Weimar Republic established already before the ill - fated Fritz Fischer, Hans - Ulrich Bubolz's form and Wolfgang Mommsen, etc of some historian, argued that the German Empire; some "pre - modern" aristocratic elite had been German social isolation and, thereby, the Weimar Republic established already before the ill - fated . other such as Gerhard Ritter, etc of the historian, believes that only war and its impact, resulting in the rise of Nazism other such as Gerhard Ritter, etc of the historian, believes that only war and its impact, resulting in the rise of Nazism .
Prussia Road
pursuing militarism, attach importance to the emerging work in defense of the Kingdom of Prussia is a family of small nations are weak, and powers to be nicknamed "the tin can in a stack of pots, which means that anytime we are facing the danger of pursuing militarism, attach importance to the emerging work in defense of the Kingdom of Prussia is a family of small nations are weak, and powers to be nicknamed "the tin can in a stack of pots, which means that anytime we are facing the danger of . therefore from the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701 as a nation, the rulers of dynasties will reinforce military as their primary means of survival and development of Prussian militarism therefore from the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701 as a nation, the rulers of dynasties will reinforce military as their primary means of survival and development of Prussian militarism .
is a very significant one, in 1740 Frederick II ascended the throne, in his 20 years of iron - fisted rule under Prussian armies by the number of the original 7 million people surged to 20 million, the country's population, the 9. 4%,Military spending a year is spent to go to the government's total budget of 4 / 5 the then Prussian area of Europe - wide, the 10th place, ranking 13th in the population, but the army and went to Europe and a position the then Prussian area of Europe - wide, the 10th place, ranking 13th in the population, but the army and went to Europe and a position .
of the fourth and eighth graders in Frederick II's successor William II there again was increased to 23. 5 million people Someone once described as" the Prussian militarism: "to other countries, the our country to have an army; Prussia, where the military has a country Someone once described as" the Prussian militarism: "to other countries, the our country to have an army; Prussia, where the military has a country .
" Prussian militarism of nature is so sharp, it's a belligerent directly brokered a Bismarck's" Iron - blooded "Policy of U. S.,The two world wars and then become the far reason of JiaWu Juncker have long controlled the national regime, and became the only chance to lead the national reunification of the Prussian Junker class is one of the country, a civil society that strength is very weak here Juncker have long controlled the national regime, and became the only chance to lead the national reunification of the Prussian Junker class is one of the country, a civil society that strength is very weak here .
This is firstly due to the destruction of war to make the handicraft production and slow development in the national economy as a whole accounted for less than 10%, and their market is largely dependent on the feudal princes of the life consumption and government forces; on the other hand, when the end of the 18th century Britain and France had already overcome the tradition - bound guilds, German remained that of handicraft guilds that control,the ancient laws and regulations and also in the strict implementation, all that will increase competition and innovation in higher education are the feudal fetters and relentless economic blockage This is firstly due to the destruction of war to make the handicraft production and slow development in the national economy as a whole accounted for less than 10%, and their market is largely dependent on the feudal princes of the life consumption and government forces; on the other hand, when the end of the 18th century Britain and France had already overcome the tradition - bound guilds, German remained that of handicraft guilds that control,the ancient laws and regulations and also in the strict implementation, all that will increase competition and innovation in higher education are the feudal fetters and relentless economic blockage . on the strength of this dependence, as well as the defects that cause or are absorbed in the bourgeois politically on the feudal powers of cowardice and servility on the strength of this dependence, as well as the defects that cause or are absorbed in the bourgeois politically on the feudal powers of cowardice and servility .
farmers also oppose feudal autocracy to farmers also oppose feudal autocracy to . 1625 and Germany there have been great for a peasant, but eventually was brutally put down, and then the Thirty Years' War, completely destroyed the last of the peasantry to the rebelling, countryside become the sole master of the landlords, the peasants of serfdom and servitude to become absorbed in the universal system,whereas this condition more apparent than in the Prussian 1625 and Germany there have been great for a peasant, but eventually was brutally put down, and then the Thirty Years' War, completely destroyed the last of the peasantry to the rebelling, countryside become the sole master of the landlords, the peasants of serfdom and servitude to become absorbed in the universal system,whereas this condition more apparent than in the Prussian .
Marx, Engels had intended the German around China, co - workers into a national political organization, with a view to furthering revolutionary Marx, Engels had intended the German around China, co - workers into a national political organization, with a view to furthering revolutionary . but economically backward, politically dispersed German but economically backward, politically dispersed German .
conditions do not exist and that the German working class still immature, they are in the majority of people in the artisan, and are essentially follow conditions do not exist and that the German working class still immature, they are in the majority of people in the artisan, and are essentially follow of the bourgeoisie and the feudal forces because of the powerful, and liberal of the bourgeosie betrayal, the revolutions of 1848 in Germany as a whole are suppressed,labor movement in the long term at a low ebb since
bourgeoisie and peasants were unable to complete the reunification of Germany, while the strength of the proletariat is still very weak and I have a political career is far from mature, so this task falls to the history of the Prussian Junker nobility (landlords) of bourgeoisie and peasants were unable to complete the reunification of Germany, while the strength of the proletariat is still very weak and I have a political career is far from mature, so this task falls to the history of the Prussian Junker nobility (landlords) of . kingship strong, at the same time preserving the Junker feudal privileges under the premise of the development of capitalism economy Juncker took over the country to reform, the Junker landowners a monopoly over the grain exports, while also avoidance of paying port tariffs kingship strong, at the same time preserving the Junker feudal privileges under the premise of the development of capitalism economy Juncker took over the country to reform, the Junker landowners a monopoly over the grain exports, while also avoidance of paying port tariffs .
in the Prussian army, Juncker is to occupy all of the officers of the Prussian post in the Prussian army, Juncker is to occupy all of the officers of the Prussian post . serfdom with early serfdom is different,It is the result of the development of commodity production and various agricultural products as food serfdom with early serfdom is different,It is the result of the development of commodity production and various agricultural products as food .
became increasingly important and commodity prices, agricultural production becomes profitable became increasingly important and commodity prices, agricultural production becomes profitable . then the Junker landowners began to seize land from farmers, and merged into, and development - oriented nature of the capitalist commodity production of Prussian serfdom then the Junker landowners began to seize land from farmers, and merged into, and development - oriented nature of the capitalist commodity production of Prussian serfdom .
reflects only one aspect of the national system, its deeper meanings, is to highlight the Prussian highly centralized monarchy reflects only one aspect of the national system, its deeper meanings, is to highlight the Prussian highly centralized monarchy . featured a political guarantee, for any modern European powers - - it's essential featured a political guarantee, for any modern European powers - - it's essential .
Peter I of Russia, Louis XIV of France,Prussia was no exception Peter I of Russia, Louis XIV of France,Prussia was no exception . after the failed revolution of 1848, Prussia although not as pure as Austria restored the monarchy, but maintaining the landlord class and big bourgeoisie which is pro - alliance, but the nobility still in this league are held in leadership, while the king was still supreme power of after the failed revolution of 1848, Prussia although not as pure as Austria restored the monarchy, but maintaining the landlord class and big bourgeoisie which is pro - alliance, but the nobility still in this league are held in leadership, while the king was still supreme power of .
although there is a parliament, but the House of Lords (Lords) is appointed by the king of the nobility, the House of Commons (House) joined by means of inequalities of the tertiary system is ensured and the big bourgeoisie and the nobility's majority, therefore, of the Prussian monarchy's answers to the name of continuation and even consolidation of although there is a parliament, but the House of Lords (Lords) is appointed by the king of the nobility, the House of Commons (House) joined by means of inequalities of the tertiary system is ensured and the big bourgeoisie and the nobility's majority, therefore, of the Prussian monarchy's answers to the name of continuation and even consolidation of . 1 1.
