形態特徵
果鳩共有4屬61種,這是一些體型中小規模的鴿子。色彩艷麗,扇形尾巴一般較短,最明顯的是它們的羽毛豐富多彩,具有光澤。雌雄羽色有差異,兩性看起來非常不同。例如,許多雌性果鳩下體羽色多為灰至深粉色,其他部分則主要是綠色;而雄性果鳩具有深紅色的頂冠,背部具有多種顏色,包括深紅色、黃色、橄欖色肉桂色和灰色區域。
體型中等,地棲或樹棲。喙短,基部大都柔軟,被蠟質;翼發達,善飛行;尾短而圓;腿短健,無蹼,後趾與前三趾同在一個水平面上或缺後趾。
生活習性
棲息於熱帶雨林中。常單獨活動,很少集群。主要以樹木、棕櫚樹和藤蔓植物的各種水果為食。在森林中的樹上營巢。巢呈平盤狀,主要由枯枝構成,甚為簡陋,每窩產卵1枚,卵白色。
分布範圍
分布於東南亞。包括紐幾內亞各島,菲律賓和華萊士生物地理區域。有些種類西達巽他群島、北至中國台灣、南到澳大利亞和東進玻里尼西亞。
該族物種
中文名稱 | 學 名 | 英文名稱 | |
1. | 金果鳩 | Chrysoena luteovirens | Golden Dove |
2. | 橙色果鳩 | Chrysoena victor | Orange Dove |
3. | 紫紅胸果鳩 | Chrysoena viridis | Whistling Dove |
4. | 紅胸果鳩 | Megaloprepia formosa | Scarlet-breasted Fruit-dove |
5. | 巨果鳩 | Megaloprepia magnifica | Wompoo Fruit-dove |
6. | 黑斑果鳩 | Ptilinopus alligator | Grey-rumped Fruit-dove |
7. | 里氏果鳩 | Ptilinopus arcanus | Negros Fruit-dove |
8. | 橙額果鳩 | Ptilinopus aurantiifrons | Orange-fronted Fruit-dove |
9. | 馬喀島果鳩 | Ptilinopus chalcurus | Makatea Fruit-dove |
10. | 拉亞塔果鳩 | Ptilinopus chrysogaster | Raiatea Fruit-dove |
11. | 黑背果鳩 | Ptilinopus cinctus | Black-backed Fruit-dove |
12. | 土島果鳩 | Ptilinopus coralensis | Atoll Fruit-dove |
13. | 小紫頂果鳩 | Ptilinopus coronulatus | Coroneted Fruit-dove |
14. | 紅枕果鳩 | Ptilinopus dohertyi | Red-naped Fruit-dove |
15. | 白頂果鳩 | Ptilinopus dupetithouarsii | White-capped Fruit-dove |
16. | 白頭果鳩 | Ptilinopus eugeniae | White-headed Fruit-dove |
17. | 薩摩亞果鳩 | Ptilinopus fasciatus | Samoan Fruit-dove |
18. | 東方華麗果鳩 | Ptilinopus gestroi | Eastern Ornate Fruit-dove |
19. | 花鼻果鳩 | Ptilinopus granulifrons | Carunculated Fruit-dove |
20. | 紅嘴果鳩 | Ptilinopus greyi | Red-bellied Fruit-dove |
21. | 科斯雷果鳩 | Ptilinopus hernsheimi | Kosrae Fruit-dove |
22. | 拉帕島果鳩 | Ptilinopus huttoni | Rapa Fruit-dove |
23. | 灰頭果鳩 | Ptilinopus hyogastrus | Grey-headed Fruit-dove |
24. | 瘤鼻果鳩 | Ptilinopus insolitus | Knob-billed Fruit-dove |
25. | 亨島果鳩 | Ptilinopus insularis | Henderson Fruit-dove |
26. | 橙腹果鳩 | Ptilinopus iozonus | Orange-bellied Fruit-dove |
27. | 黑項果鳩 | Ptilinopus melanospilus | Black-naped Fruit-dove |
28. | 赤髭果鳩 | Ptilinopus mercierii | Red-moustached Fruit-dove |
29. | 藍頂果鳩 | Ptilinopus monacha | Blue-capped Fruit-dove |
30. | 小綠果鳩 | Ptilinopus nainus | Dwarf Fruit-dove |
31. | 麗色果鳩 | Ptilinopus ornatus | Western Ornate Fruit-dove |
32. | 帕島果鳩 | Ptilinopus pelewensis | Palau Fruit-dove |
33. | 粉紅點果鳩 | Ptilinopus perlatus | Pink-spotted Fruit-dove |
34. | 多色果鳩 | Ptilinopus perousii | Many-coloured Fruit-dove |
35. | 波納佩果鳩 | Ptilinopus ponapensis | Pohnpei Fruit-dove |
36. | 紫頂果鳩 | Ptilinopus porphyraceus | Tongan Fruit-dove |
37. | 粉紅頸果鳩 | Ptilinopus porphyreus | Pink-headed Fruit-dove |
38. | 深紅頂果鳩 | Ptilinopus pulchellus | Beautiful Fruit-dove |
39. | 灰綠果鳩 | Ptilinopus purpuratus | Grey-green Fruit-dove |
40. | 拉羅果鳩 | Ptilinopus rarotongensis | Rarotonga Fruit-dove |
41. | 粉頂果鳩 | Ptilinopus regina | Rose-crowned Fruit-dove |
42. | 銀頂果鳩 | Ptilinopus richardsii | Silver-capped Fruit-dove |
43. | 白胸果鳩 | Ptilinopus rivoli | White-bibbed Fruit-dove |
44. | 馬里島果鳩 | Ptilinopus roseicapilla | Mariana Fruit-dove |
45. | 黃胸果鳩 | Ptilinopus solomonensis | Yellow-banded Fruit-dove |
46. | 燦爛果鳩 | Ptilinopus speciosus | Geelvink Fruit-dove |
47. | 華麗果鳩 | Ptilinopus superbus | Eastern Superb Fruit-dove |
48. | 銀肩果鳩 | Ptilinopus tannensis | Tanna Fruit-dove |
49. | 西部華麗果鳩 | Ptilinopus temminckii | Western Superb Fruit-dove |
50. | 棗紅胸果鳩 | Ptilinopus viridis | Claret-breasted Fruit-dove |
51. | 金肩果鳩 | Ptilinopus wallacii | Wallace's Fruit-dove |
52. | 栗頦果鳩 | Ramphiculus epius | Maroon-chinned Fruit-dove |
53. | 費氏果鳩 | Ramphiculus fischeri | Red-eared Fruit-dove |
54. | 粉頭果鳩 | Ramphiculus jambu | Jambu Fruit-dove |
55. | 黑頦果鳩 | Ramphiculus leclancheri | Black-chinned Fruit-dove |
56. | 蘇拉果鳩 | Ramphiculus mangoliensis | Sula Fruit-dove |
57. | 黑耳果鳩 | Ramphiculus marchei | Flame-breasted Fruit-dove |
58. | 隆波果鳩 | Ramphiculus meridionalis | Lompobattang Fruit-dove |
59. | 梅氏果鳩 | Ramphiculus merrilli | Cream-bellied Fruit-dove |
60. | 栗耳果鳩 | Ramphiculus occipitalis | Yellow-breasted Fruit-dove |
61. | 暗頦果鳩 | Ramphiculus subgularis | Banggai Fruit-dove |
保護級別
全部列入《世界自然保護聯盟》(IUCN) 2012年瀕危物種紅色名錄ver 3.1。