國際研究榮譽學會的起源
By:William Olson, Ph.D.,Past President, Pro-Term,Professor Emeritus of Political Science, School of International Service, American University
撰寫：威廉·奧爾森
威廉·奧爾森博士，美國大學前任校長，政治科學院、國際服務學院名譽教授,
Background Rationale
背景理論基礎
While the question of whether "IS" is an academic discipline may remain unresolved, international studies has been around as a separate subject since the end of the First World War. And while most majors in the subject continue to be located in, or at least governed by, political science, consensus remains that this subject can best be understood and therefore studied from an interdisciplinary perspective.
在國際研究是否是一個學術科目的問題還沒有解決的時候，自第一次世界大戰結束開始國際研究就已作為一個獨立學科普遍存在了。雖然大多數國際研究的專業被置於，或者至少被政治科學所統領，但學界共識是，國際研究最好從跨學科的角度進行理解和研究。
The principal disciplines generally considered to constitute the core of international studies are political science, history and economics, yet geography and demography cannot be ignored. There are increasing signs of a return to the discipline of international law, which before the First World War was about the only discipline of international focus studies in universities by scholars seeking an understanding of the relations between states.
主要學科通常認為政治科學,歷史和經濟學是構成國際研究的核心，然而地理和人口統計學也是不容忽視的部分。越來越多的跡象表明學者們對於國際研究的焦點開始回歸到國際法的制約，而在一戰之前，大學的學者們對於國際研究的唯一焦點在於尋求國家之間關係的理解。
A more contemporary and fundamentally novel approach rejects the focus on inter-state relations and traditional diplomacy in factor of what is of the called world society or even 'the global village.' This perspective is based upon all the interrelationships of mankind across national boundaries. 'Statecentrism' tends to be ignored by such scholars, who have been referred to as 'globalists.' The globalist approach might be seen as an essentially sociological perspective.
一個更現代和從根本上新穎的方法拒絕以國家間關係和傳統外交因素的世界社會甚至是地球村作為焦點。這種觀點是基於人類的相互關係跨越國界。“國家中心主義”往往會以被稱為“全球主義者”而被這樣的學者忽略。全球主義者的方法本質上可能被視為一個社會學的視角。
In order to avoid the twin charges of dilettantism and smoregasbordization, IS academics have tried to introduce curricular organizations and examination requirements to the subject. Without some structure of required courses, different students who graduate with a major in international studies need have taken few, if any, of the same subjects, especially in large universities with hundreds of offerings related to the world affairs. Conventional disciplines have tried to control the definition of what constitutes an economist, a political scientist, or a historian, demanding successful completion of a specified course of study to that end.
為了避免業餘和華而不實的雙重指控,國際研究學者們試圖引入課程組織和考試要求。沒有一些必修課程的結構,不同的國際研究專業畢業的學生需要修習一些，如果有的話，同學科的課程，特別是在大型大學有成百上千的世界事務相關的課程。傳統學科試圖控制的定義是一個經濟學家,政治學家,或者一個歷史學家,要求成功完成指定課程的學習為末端。
The academic structure of IS ranges from professional schools of international affairs to interdepartmental committees governing the major. Some departments offer a strict emphasis in IS. For instance, a political science major seeking an IS emphasis might take courses from the economics and history departments. The intellectual demands of the IS discipline account for its appeal to only the best students. Recognition of this field calls for special attention.
國際研究的學術結構範圍從專業的國際事務學院到管理國際研究專業的跨部門的委員會。一些大學的院系對於國際研究給予特了別的重視。例如，政治學專業對於國際研究的強調會顯現於修習經濟學系和歷史系的課程。國際研究專業的對知識的要求導致它只能吸引最優秀的學生。對於國際研究領域的認知需要引起特別的關注。
Formation of the Society
國際研究學會的形成
In 1983, the dean of the School of International Service at American University in Washington, D.C., observed during an initiation service for Pi Gamma Mu, the national political science honorary society [sic], that a high proportion of the new inductees were actually IS majors who had taken enough courses in political science to qualify for membership. A degree program in IS had been offered since 1958, but no society existed to recognize achievement of honors. Informal consultation among honor students and faculty agreed that a new Society for International Studies would be useful.
在1983年，華盛頓的地區的美國大學國際服務學院院長觀察到國家政治科學榮譽學會（SIC）Pi Gamma Mu啟動服務時高比例的新會員實際上是國際研究的專業人士，他們往往會修習大量的政治學專業的課程作為國家政治科學榮譽學會的入會資格。國際研究的學位項目早在1958年就已經存在，但一直沒有相關專業學術團體對於成就榮譽進行認證。榮譽學生和教師之間的非正式協商同意，新的國際研究學會將非常的有用。
The dean sought the assistance of Professor Theodore Couloumbis to designate the appropriate Greek letters standing for three basic qualities of the study of international affairs. Sigma stands for "synesis," the Greek word meaning prudence, iota for "ideodoi," meaning ideals, and rho for "rhomi," meaning power. The School of International Service at American University endorsed this development with enthusiasm.
美國大學國際服務學院院長威廉·奧爾森博士尋求西奧·哥倫比斯教授的幫助指定適當的希臘字母代表國際事務研究的三個基本素質。Sigma代表"synesis"希臘詞義審慎,極微小的，iota代表"ideodoi"，意思是理想的，rho代表"rhomi"詞義權力。美國大學國際服務學院熱情地支持這種發展。
On the basis of the standard similar to those of Phi Beta Kappa, students with outstanding academic records were invited to become the first twenty members of Sigma Iota Rho. The first inaugural dinner for twelve students was held in Washington on May 9, 1984, with the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, alumni, staff and faculty, including the founding dean, in attendance. The society was certified as a "recognized organization of the American University" by the Advisor for Organizations/Greek Life, Gwendolyn P. Miller, on August 22, 1984.
在類似於斐陶斐榮譽學會（Phi Beta Kappa）的標準的基礎上，具有優秀學術成績的學生被應邀稱為國際研究榮譽學會（Sigma Iota Rho，SIR）的第一批20位成員。第一次首批20位會員的入會晚宴於1984年5月9日在華盛頓舉行，出席晚宴的有美國大學的董事會主席, 國際研究榮譽學會創始院長威廉·奧爾森博士校友,教職員工。 1984年8月22日，Greek Life組織顧問格溫多林·米勒宣布“國際研究榮譽學會成為被美國大學認可的組織”。
Presentation to the International Studies Association
對國際研究協會的報告
The next logical step was to present the idea to an informal gathering of the International Studies Association. The annual meeting of this group of teachers and other practitioners from diverse disciplines, although mostly from the political science field, at the Omni Shoreham Hotel located in Washington, D.C., in 1985 provided the opportunity. Roughly twenty-five people took part in discussion which revealed considerable interest. A striking feature of the comment from faculty members from various colleges and universities was that IS students tended to be among the most outstanding, but they possessed little sense of identity with the field of international studies. It was generally agreed to take the idea to form a society back to respective campuses for reaction, with plans to report at the next meeting of the ISA whether any interest was shown in Sigma Iota Rho.
下一個符合邏輯的步驟是將國際研究榮譽學會的想法呈現給國際研究協會的一次非正式聚會。1985年，在華盛頓特區Omni Shoreham酒店召開的由來自不同學科的教師和從業人員，雖然大多數來自於政治學領域，參與的國際研究協會的年會提供了這樣的機會。大約25人參與討論，展示了相當大的興趣。評論的一個顯著特徵是來自不同大學的國際研究協會成員的評論認為國際研究榮譽學會的成員是在國際研究領域最傑出的，但他們擁有很少的國際研究領域的認同感。大家一致認可把國際研究榮譽學會的想法帶回各自校園反應，並計畫在下次年會上報告給國際研究協會，看看協會是否認可國際研究榮譽學會。
By the time of the 1986 ISA annual meeting in California, some had already taken steps to form Sigma Iota Rho chapter. Attendance at the second informal discussion concerning the new honor society was nearly double that of the previous year.
在1986年加州的ISA年會上，一些參會者已經開始著手建立國際研究榮譽學會的分會。出席第二次關於國際研究榮譽學會非正式討論會的人數幾乎是1985年的2倍。
A formal organizational meeting was held April 16, 1987 in the Palladium Room of the Omni Hotel in Washington. Roger Coate of the University of South Carolina was elected unanimously as the President of the meeting. Dean William Olson, also from the University of South Carolina, was chosen as Director of Sigma Iota Rho. Grant T. Hammond was selected President-elect. Twenty-six colleges and universities presented petitions for the establishment of local chapters.
1987年4月16日在華盛頓特區Omni酒店舉行了國際研究榮譽學會正式的組織會議。南卡羅來納大學的羅傑·寇特教授在會議中被一致當選為學會會長。南卡羅來納大學的院長威廉·奧爾森被選為學會主任。格蘭特·t·哈蒙德為學會會長候選人。26個學院和大學提出了建立地方分會的請願書。
On April 8, 1989, a Certificate of Incorporation was presented by Anne Piorkowsky to Angela Ford, Notary Public in the District of Columbia, who certified its acceptance.
1989年4月8日，安妮皮爾寇斯基在哥倫比亞特區向安吉拉·福特提出國際研究榮譽學會註冊申請，並得到公證人認證驗收。
Since this time, the location of SIR's National Office has been relocated. Most recently it was based at the James Madison University until 2002.
自此，國際研究榮譽學會的總部搬遷到詹姆斯麥迪遜大學一直到2002年。
Since 2002, SIR's National Office has been located at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, PA. Moreover, at this same time, Dr. Frank Plantan of the University of Pennsylvania became the organization's most recent president.
從2002年，國際研究榮譽學會總部搬遷到位於費城的賓夕法尼亞大學，同年，賓夕法尼亞大學的國際關係項目副主任弗蘭克·普蘭坦博士擔任國際研究榮譽學會會長至今。
William Olson, Ph.D.
威廉·奧爾森博士
SIGMA IOTA RHO CHAPTER
國際研究榮譽學會分會
Currently there are 160 active chapters spread across 40 states in the United States. Chapters are also located internationally, in the United Kingdom and France. This tally is projected to increase throughout the forthcoming academic year as new chapter applications are reviewed continuously on a rolling basis.
迄今為止，國際研究榮譽學會分會遍布美國40個州，有140家分會。在英國和法國也有國際分會。在新的學年中，分會的數目還會由於不斷的分會申請而增加。
