Introduction
Sarin, methyl fluophosphonic acid isopropyl ester, during World War II Nazi Germany developed a lethal nerve gas, can paralyze the human central nervous Sarin, methyl fluophosphonic acid isopropyl ester, during World War II Nazi Germany developed a lethal nerve gas, can paralyze the human central nervous . synthesis: oxygen methyl phosphonous dichloride is reacted with hydrogen fluoride, methyl difluoride, oxygen, phosphorus, oxygen and the methyl phosphonous dichloride and isopropanol reaction, so as to obtain the sarin synthesis: oxygen methyl phosphonous dichloride is reacted with hydrogen fluoride, methyl difluoride, oxygen, phosphorus, oxygen and the methyl phosphonous dichloride and isopropanol reaction, so as to obtain the sarin .
sarin gas can be passed through the respiratory tract and skin or mucosa invade the human body, it is extremely deadly, once released, can be a 1.2 - km range of the dead and injured it split both in liquid and gaseous form, the size of the eye drop of liquid sarin can cause an adult to die soon after it split both in liquid and gaseous form, the size of the eye drop of liquid sarin can cause an adult to die soon after .
poisoning is miosis,dyspnoea, bronchial spasm and convulsion, etc, the serious death within minutes poisoning is miosis,dyspnoea, bronchial spasm and convulsion, etc, the serious death within minutes . 1 1.
Nature
a room - temperature: colourless watery fluid a room - temperature: colourless watery fluid . Odor: free of micro - or up - front fruit aromas and Odor: free of micro - or up - front fruit aromas and .
solubility: water and various organic solvents miscible solubility: water and various organic solvents miscible . hydrolysis: slow, the generation of HF and non - toxic and residue, and boiled with alkali accelerates the hydrolysis hydrolysis: slow, the generation of HF and non - toxic and residue, and boiled with alkali accelerates the hydrolysis .
the pure product is colourless watery fluid, industrial - yellow or yellowish brown and tastes fragrant; volatile, naturally evaporated to reach concentration of battle; 150. degree. C. which would significantly decompose 2 2.
Development History
In 1938, the Germans Schrader, Ambros, Lv - th lattice, Fan del Linde developed first, such poison gas to the above - mentioned four people with the surname 5 letters in the name "sarin" In 1938, the Germans Schrader, Ambros, Lv - th lattice, Fan del Linde developed first, such poison gas to the above - mentioned four people with the surname 5 letters in the name "sarin" . Germans soon discovered this in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of military value, and put into production, but did not use the Germans soon discovered this in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of military value, and put into production, but did not use the .
during World War II in 1945, Germany produced sarin during World War II in 1945, Germany produced sarin . destroyed after World War II, and it wasn't poisonous in the world started producing destroyed after World War II, and it wasn't poisonous in the world started producing .
3 3.
Principle Of Poisoning
Sarin on organism function mainly has three aspects: One is the selective inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase activity in the acetylcholine (ACh) in the body, caused by cholinergic nerous system dysfunction; the other is a cytotoxic anti - cholinergic receptor; or (3) is non - cholinergic nervous system toxicant effect Sarin on organism function mainly has three aspects: One is the selective inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase activity in the acetylcholine (ACh) in the body, caused by cholinergic nerous system dysfunction; the other is a cytotoxic anti - cholinergic receptor; or (3) is non - cholinergic nervous system toxicant effect . 1 1.
Poisoning Symptom
In the suction body (55 to 100 mg min / m3) of the rear skin contact or sarin (1. 7 g), 1 - 15 minutes to kill before dying, and seizures, and blur vision; at low concentrations (0. / L) exposure to sarin aerosol within 2 minutes, it will cause the pupil to narrow, in the dark vision difficulties, tight chest, headache, nausea and vomiting and other symptoms of toxicity and these will accumulate in the body, if greater concentrations tends to make people dizzy, anxiety, mental impairment, muscle cramps, dyspnea, and so she caused a death, these will accumulate in the body, if greater concentrations tends to make people dizzy, anxiety, mental impairment, muscle cramps, dyspnea, and so she caused a death, .
1 1.
Protective Measures
Found
Enemy planes fly low over the city and distributing a large amount of smoke; jinked through after or following a bomb blast, ground in a swath of uniform oily spots, most people suddenly smell or odors in the eyes, respiratory tract is stimulated; to see a large number of animal abnormal change (such as bees and flies that makes flights more difficult, shake the wings, or sparrow, chickens, sheep and other animals died); flowers, leaves large areas of discoloration or wither like Enemy planes fly low over the city and distributing a large amount of smoke; jinked through after or following a bomb blast, ground in a swath of uniform oily spots, most people suddenly smell or odors in the eyes, respiratory tract is stimulated; to see a large number of animal abnormal change (such as bees and flies that makes flights more difficult, shake the wings, or sparrow, chickens, sheep and other animals died); flowers, leaves large areas of discoloration or wither like . In summary, while the occurrence of an anomaly may be suspected of chemical to the contaminated area, should take timely protective measures, the report concludes that In summary, while the occurrence of an anomaly may be suspected of chemical to the contaminated area, should take timely protective measures, the report concludes that .
reconnaissance aerial defence departments reconnaissance aerial defence departments.
Protection
Protection is to stop the poison through various ways and measures of personnel contact Protection is to stop the poison through various ways and measures of personnel contact . protective measures has two kinds: 1, collective protection: organize staff to rapidly enter the three preventive facilities of civil air defence works, in order to effectively shield all of the various state agents protective measures has two kinds: 1, collective protection: organize staff to rapidly enter the three preventive facilities of civil air defence works, in order to effectively shield all of the various state agents .
2, personal protection: gas masks for protection of the human respiratory tract and eyes; and the protection of the human body upon the med group 2, personal protection: gas masks for protection of the human respiratory tract and eyes; and the protection of the human body upon the med group .
Disinfection
Toxic agents causing loss of the disinfection measures called Toxic agents causing loss of the disinfection measures called . 1, disinfection of staff: When the poisons of droplets falling on individuals, take them off immediately were clothes, cotton or clean clods by suction to the skin of the poison drop (suction wiping is prevented while expanding the area of exposure), and then with tampon Taoist sacrificial ceremony dedicated to the disinfecting chemical bottles, soda water, soap or clean water to wash a large amount of 1, disinfection of staff: When the poisons of droplets falling on individuals, take them off immediately were clothes, cotton or clean clods by suction to the skin of the poison drop (suction wiping is prevented while expanding the area of exposure), and then with tampon Taoist sacrificial ceremony dedicated to the disinfecting chemical bottles, soda water, soap or clean water to wash a large amount of .
2, NAF) on clothing disinfection: far away from residential areas and in the downwind direction from the hot water boiled for 1 - 2 hours 2, NAF) on clothing disinfection: far away from residential areas and in the downwind direction from the hot water boiled for 1 - 2 hours . 3 disinfection, disinfection of the infected food: the packaging of canned food, and is required only for surface disinfection,Serve on 3 disinfection, disinfection of the infected food: the packaging of canned food, and is required only for surface disinfection,Serve on .
food with no packaging, which shall generally be destroyed food with no packaging, which shall generally be destroyed . 4, NAF) on water: The water of the disinfection method is adding lime or bleaching powder in water and a coagulant, followed by stirring, with 4, NAF) on water: The water of the disinfection method is adding lime or bleaching powder in water and a coagulant, followed by stirring, with .
alum precipitated or boiled in the method, it may also be exposed to sterilizing alum precipitated or boiled in the method, it may also be exposed to sterilizing . Whichever method is used for disinfecting, must undergo inspection and eaten after Whichever method is used for disinfecting, must undergo inspection and eaten after .
1 1.
Use Case
the Iran - Iraq War, Iraqi troops used Sarin poison gas, caused the Iranian army casualties more than 2,700 people, where more than 1,700 people were killed and the Iran - Iraq War, Iraqi troops used Sarin poison gas, caused the Iranian army casualties more than 2,700 people, where more than 1,700 people were killed and . March 1995 on the morning of Oct. 20, the original portion by Asahara, Aum Shinrikyo followers instigated, in downtown Tokyo metro lines and 3 tram to occur within the release of nerve gas" sarin "event, which left 12 people dead, about 5,500 people poisoning
4 March 2013 and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China, the Syrian government and opposition forces accused each other of using chemical weapons in Aleppo, Syria's government since then and the 4 March 2013 and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China, the Syrian government and opposition forces accused each other of using chemical weapons in Aleppo, Syria's government since then and the . Ban put forward a request of the Government of the United Nations chemical weapons issues, is under investigationMr. Ban subsequently announced the establishment of the Group, but this work has been a bad team
4 June, French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said in a statement, there is evidence that the war in Syria used sarin gas 4 June, French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said in a statement, there is evidence that the war in Syria used sarin gas . But the statement did not say which side in Syria used sarin 5 But the statement did not say which side in Syria used sarin 5 .
July 9, 2013, Russia's ambassador, said Russian experts to investigate first - hand information on the display, in March 2013 in Syria's Aleppo province of sarin gas in the Syrian opposition is armed, July 9, 2013, Russia's ambassador, said Russian experts to investigate first - hand information on the display, in March 2013 in Syria's Aleppo province of sarin gas in the Syrian opposition is armed,. - not the government's day in the United States at the Headquarters of the United Nations attended the news conference with - not the government's day in the United States at the Headquarters of the United Nations attended the news conference with .
he declared at the meeting, Russian experts gathered in the Aleppo province town of Asa find samples of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), through the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) authorized laboratory. The testing results prove that the militants used rockets filled with sarin gas 6 borne by the government military weapons caused 1,300 deaths, August 21, 2013, headquartered in Dubai, United Arab Emirates al arabiya tv and al - jazeera television reported,Syrian government forces from the day of the early use of rockets containing sarin gas on the Damascus suburb of Eastern 6 borne by the government military weapons caused 1,300 deaths, August 21, 2013, headquartered in Dubai, United Arab Emirates al arabiya tv and al - jazeera television reported,Syrian government forces from the day of the early use of rockets containing sarin gas on the Damascus suburb of Eastern .
Aunt tower carried out the attack, said the news of the opposition on the day of the statistical results show that at least 1,300 people died in the attack, hundreds of the wounded and the dead included a large number of women and children, Aunt tower carried out the attack, said the news of the opposition on the day of the statistical results show that at least 1,300 people died in the attack, hundreds of the wounded and the dead included a large number of women and children, . 7 Syrian Minister of Information, "since the 21 members of parliament, the government in Syria would be exposed to the chemical attack of the wounded and the attack on the eyewitness testimony as well as soil and air samples such as clear evidence of terrorist militants used chemical weapons, 7 Syrian Minister of Information, "since the 21 members of parliament, the government in Syria would be exposed to the chemical attack of the wounded and the attack on the eyewitness testimony as well as soil and air samples such as clear evidence of terrorist militants used chemical weapons, .
he reiterated:" Even if Syria had such weapons which Syria never under any circumstances, he reiterated:" Even if Syria had such weapons which Syria never under any circumstances,. also never used it, "he said, and hopes that the United Nations that are members of the Syrian chemical weapons investigation team concluded that the truth of the matter can be neutral, professional and scientific conclusions of the Secretary - General of the United Nations deputy spokesman also never used it, "he said, and hopes that the United Nations that are members of the Syrian chemical weapons investigation team concluded that the truth of the matter can be neutral, professional and scientific conclusions of the Secretary - General of the United Nations deputy spokesman .
Del Buey, 21, said that the United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki - moon said the day was reported for in Syria used chemical weapons in the Damascus suburb of" stunned "by Del Buey, 21, said that the United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki - moon said the day was reported for in Syria used chemical weapons in the Damascus suburb of" stunned "by . del Buey, said Ban's made it very clear that some Member States, the League of Arab States, the European Union's chemical weapons are very worried about del Buey, said Ban's made it very clear that some Member States, the League of Arab States, the European Union's chemical weapons are very worried about .
rumors he would ensure it's thoroughly investigated rumors he would ensure it's thoroughly investigated . Ban reaffirmed,in any case by the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have a party in violation of international humanitarian law Ban reaffirmed,in any case by the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have a party in violation of international humanitarian law .
September 1, 2013, U.S. Secretary of State in Washington, said the US believed Syrian government - - - - - - - - - 15 in an attack using sarin gas, from Damascus suburbs to obtain the first victims of blood and hair samples to the analysis result, sarin is a positive test result This is the White House announced the 30 Syrian chemical weapons on the event that the assessment report, announced the latest evidence of the This is the White House announced the 30 Syrian chemical weapons on the event that the assessment report, announced the latest evidence of the .
assessment report had indicated that US personnel physiological sampling and laboratory analysis,As a result it was found that these personnel are already in contact with sarin, assessment report had indicated that US personnel physiological sampling and laboratory analysis,As a result it was found that these personnel are already in contact with sarin, . but the report did not mention the laboratory for which "associated personnel" are analyzed, also did not disclose the analysis process but the report did not mention the laboratory for which "associated personnel" are analyzed, also did not disclose the analysis process .
