Introduction
Saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus cataphractus), a.k. a. the reptile, man - eating crocodile, saltwater crocodile, alligator, crocodile, 23 species of crocodile species in most of the large, It is considered one of the world's largest reptile because the reptile is Crocodilia in the nape of the neck is not the only large scales of a crocodile, also referred to as a "bare - necked predator" because the reptile is Crocodilia in the nape of the neck is not the only large scales of a crocodile, also referred to as a "bare - necked predator" .
adult male crocodile after about 7 meters, but generally will not exceed 5 meters adult male crocodile after about 7 meters, but generally will not exceed 5 meters . female body length of about 2.5 to 3 meters
adult males can weigh up to 600 to 1000 kg adult males can weigh up to 600 to 1000 kg . larvae are pale brown, body and tail of the black - spotted stripes larvae are pale brown, body and tail of the black - spotted stripes .
into body color is deep,Abdomen yellowish or white, the base of the tail end of the world's largest Grey into body color is deep,Abdomen yellowish or white, the base of the tail end of the world's largest Grey . to the reptile to have 10 meters long per side to the reptile to have 10 meters long per side .
maxillary teeth with 16 - 19), each of the side jaw 14 - 15 maxillary teeth with 16 - 19), each of the side jaw 14 - 15 .
Morphological Feature
Saltwater crocodiles to the larger body with a length of 6 to 7 meters, is the largest living reptiles Saltwater crocodiles to the larger body with a length of 6 to 7 meters, is the largest living reptiles . its long narrow snout, the front lower beak, kiss back carved obvious grain, each has a bone crest towards the snout, but unconnected its long narrow snout, the front lower beak, kiss back carved obvious grain, each has a bone crest towards the snout, but unconnected .
outer single nostril, opening to the end of the kissing; no septum within the nasal passages, and a rear end - side edge pleat without transverse play but with outer single nostril, opening to the end of the kissing; no septum within the nasal passages, and a rear end - side edge pleat without transverse play but with . velum. The eye is large, oval green iris
projecting wings, with transparent upper and lower eyelids have a nictitating membrane, also have nictitating membrane gland and lacrimal gland in the eye after projecting wings, with transparent upper and lower eyelids have a nictitating membrane, also have nictitating membrane gland and lacrimal gland in the eye after . earhole, thin, narrow seam as earhole, thin, narrow seam as .
mandibular dentition and the maxillary teeth when biting column staggered in tangential contact at the same vertical plane after mandibular dentition and the maxillary teeth when biting column staggered in tangential contact at the same vertical plane after . head occipital squama, and had no post - occipital squama head occipital squama, and had no post - occipital squama .
neck and head, trunk, have no obvious difference.nape of neck squamous hash synthesis block, the left and right sides of each sheet of the bony scales are like long trunk long, cylindrical body length / head length 5 times; 16 - 17 rows of dorsal scales, in the back rows of the ribs 6 which is not related to iguanas, the tail scutes into most outer row 1 away from the rib 2 at the end of the line into a coarse mane trunk long, cylindrical body length / head length 5 times; 16 - 17 rows of dorsal scales, in the back rows of the ribs 6 which is not related to iguanas, the tail scutes into most outer row 1 away from the rib 2 at the end of the line into a coarse mane .
tail, and a flat side, which is longer than the head and body combined, and can do powerful attacks tail, and a flat side, which is longer than the head and body combined, and can do powerful attacks . stout limbs, hind limbs longer, five out of the fifth toe is shorter, and the base of the webbed outer entirely webbed toes, the inner two toes half webbed, toes with claws 3 inside; the trailing limb scales to ridged serrata stout limbs, hind limbs longer, five out of the fifth toe is shorter, and the base of the webbed outer entirely webbed toes, the inner two toes half webbed, toes with claws 3 inside; the trailing limb scales to ridged serrata .
deep olive or brown dorsal, ventral whitish larvae was light in color, with red spots, or deeper, have light colored spots; and the kissing was light in color but clear deep olive or brown dorsal, ventral whitish larvae was light in color, with red spots, or deeper, have light colored spots; and the kissing was light in color but clear . 1 1.
Distribution
Saltwater crocodiles are tropical and subtropical species of Saltwater crocodiles are tropical and subtropical species of . native to Thailand, Malaysia and other Southeast Asia, India, and have found, is distributed mainly in northern Australia and Papua New Guinea native to Thailand, Malaysia and other Southeast Asia, India, and have found, is distributed mainly in northern Australia and Papua New Guinea .
adapted to living in wetlands such as estuaries, mangroves, and swamp land of the coastal zone and tidal seawater adapted to living in wetlands such as estuaries, mangroves, and swamp land of the coastal zone and tidal seawater . this species can tolerate high general this species can tolerate high general .
large crocodiles in Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, India (Andaman Islands), Indonesia, Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Viet Nam large crocodiles in Australia, Bangladesh, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, India (Andaman Islands), Indonesia, Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Viet Nam .
Habit
inhabit estuarine, coastal, Tam died and marshlands, freshwater and saltwater organisms that have the ability, because of the dry and wet seasons transform while changing habitats, and the like to grow on the banks of the river to brackish waters for mating and territory occupied along with the behavior, and the relative weakness of the Saltwater crocodiles are also influenced by tidal influence is compelled to leave along the riverbank to find suitable habitat to inhabit estuarine, coastal, Tam died and marshlands, freshwater and saltwater organisms that have the ability, because of the dry and wet seasons transform while changing habitats, and the like to grow on the banks of the river to brackish waters for mating and territory occupied along with the behavior, and the relative weakness of the Saltwater crocodiles are also influenced by tidal influence is compelled to leave along the riverbank to find suitable habitat to . Crocodile underwater, with only the eyes and nose above the water sensitive ears Crocodile underwater, with only the eyes and nose above the water sensitive ears .
, , . sinking immediately startled many in the afternoon sun on a beachball, night eyes narrow band red baby crocodiles then sinking immediately startled many in the afternoon sun on a beachball, night eyes narrow band red baby crocodiles then .
. baby crocodiles feed mostly on insects, small amphibians and reptiles, and adult fish, amphibians and reptiles,Waterfowl feed on mammals and even wild boar baby crocodiles feed mostly on insects, small amphibians and reptiles, and adult fish, amphibians and reptiles,Waterfowl feed on mammals and even wild boar .
chewing and extremely hard fragmentation chewing and extremely hard fragmentation . A March, 2012, Florida State University paleontologist Gregory - Gunnar all 23 species of extant crocodile species engaged in an unprecedented A March, 2012, Florida State University paleontologist Gregory - Gunnar all 23 species of extant crocodile species engaged in an unprecedented .
masticatory force test, the test results in crocodile species in the saltwater crocodiles of the masticatory force is the most powerful, their jaws are closed when the impact force can reach 16460 Newton masticatory force test, the test results in crocodile species in the saltwater crocodiles of the masticatory force is the most powerful, their jaws are closed when the impact force can reach 16460 Newton . masticatory force can even with the terror of rival masticatory force can even with the terror of rival .
T. rex, by contrast, we chomp steak force only has about 890 N hyenas,Lions and tigers of the chewing force is about 4450 Newton hyenas,Lions and tigers of the chewing force is about 4450 Newton .
Procreation
Crocodile sexually mature female body was 2. 2 - 2. 5 m (about 10 - 12 years), the male crocodile is 3. 2m years (about 16) hatchlings in freshwater rivers and tree - lined hills on the edge of the nesting of the sea (6 meters), tail swept to a 7 - 8 metres of the platform, the stage was built with diameter 3 m respectively, of the alligator eggs in the nest, the nest from the river about 4 meters, to shade leaves shades, hatchlings, the eggs will choose to avoid being flooded with water to induce spawning if too dry hatchlings will hit the surface in such a manner that the eggs remain moist, white egg shell calcium, about 50, with the diameter of 80 mm x 55; .a mother defends the nest side, though a flick sprinkling of moistening of the nest,30 to 33. degree. C., 75 - 90 days); the clutch size, a shell length of 240 mm, 480 mm up to 1 year, 3 years can reach 1156 mm, weighing 2 kg
fierce and unruly fierce and unruly . 1% of hatchlings were born after would be the turtles, the Australian crocodiles predators prey, but the primary reason is a kind of crowding and competition 1% of hatchlings were born after would be the turtles, the Australian crocodiles predators prey, but the primary reason is a kind of crowding and competition .
Research
Saltwater crocodiles of the mitochondrial genome complete sequence was 16917bp Saltwater crocodiles of the mitochondrial genome complete sequence was 16917bp . crocodile from mtDNA with similar structure to other vertebrates, 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA and 13 protein - coding genes and 1 non - coding region (D - loop) consists of crocodile from mtDNA with similar structure to other vertebrates, 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA and 13 protein - coding genes and 1 non - coding region (D - loop) consists of .
except NADH6 and tRNA - Gln, Ala - tRNA except NADH6 and tRNA - Gln, Ala - tRNA ., tRNA - Asn, tRNA Cys, tRNA - Tyr, tRNA - Ser (UCN), tRNA - Glu, tRNA - encoding - chain on the outside,the rest are in the H - chain gene encoding , tRNA - Asn, tRNA Cys, tRNA - Tyr, tRNA - Ser (UCN), tRNA - Glu, tRNA - encoding - chain on the outside,the rest are in the H - chain gene encoding .
gene order with that of other crocodilians sequenced, this is a sign of the crocodilians gene content and gene orders on the conservative but gene order with that of other crocodilians sequenced, this is a sign of the crocodilians gene content and gene orders on the conservative but . Crocodilian gene order conforms to that of the arrangement, there are big differences, especially Phe - tRNA gene rearrangement, the anticodon of tRNA - His - Ser - tRNA - from other estuarine crocodile Crocodilian gene order conforms to that of the arrangement, there are big differences, especially Phe - tRNA gene rearrangement, the anticodon of tRNA - His - Ser - tRNA - from other estuarine crocodile .
mtDNA have been sequenced and Crocodilia, devoid of the origin of replication (OLR) mtDNA have been sequenced and Crocodilia, devoid of the origin of replication (OLR) . 17 based on the species of crocodile found in a conserved region,using Fitch parsimony method, maximum parsimony (MP) to construct the Maximum - parsimony (MP), neighbor - joining algorithm (Neighbor. - Neighbor - joining (NJ) tree, and the results are: () a fish - eating gharial and false gharial (food) in a clade with Crocodylidae () of the other species forms a sister group, which is based on fish - eating gharial and the false fish - eating gharial byamphibians mitochondrial sequence analyses are consistent,support the fish - eating gharial crocodile incorporated the
results also support the snouted Crocodile () with the Crocodiles (Crocodylus cataphractus) can be treated as an isolated genus, and constitutes a sister group to results also support the snouted Crocodile () with the Crocodiles (Crocodylus cataphractus) can be treated as an isolated genus, and constitutes a sister group to .
Historical Records
Ancient Chinese records of the reptile distributions: Hainan Island in "Sea Patrol" Ancient Chinese records of the reptile distributions: Hainan Island in "Sea Patrol" . Li Zhun 1907 had been flying under the name "V - wave", and "Chenhang" two warships to the Xisha Islands from Hainan Island by the Chief Executive.
He in "Sea Patrol" in the descriptions of the crocodile from climbing on the side of the ship through, the crocodile finally defeated He in "Sea Patrol" in the descriptions of the crocodile from climbing on the side of the ship through, the crocodile finally defeated . thereafter, Lesson (1801), (1889) and "(1901) also reported in southern China was producing for the reptile, but there is no specific place and can be used for verification of the Physical Specimen at thereafter, Lesson (1801), (1889) and "(1901) also reported in southern China was producing for the reptile, but there is no specific place and can be used for verification of the Physical Specimen at .
Hong Kong celebrity crocodile was found on display in the South, once a haunt,Probably in the mangrove habitat Hong Kong celebrity crocodile was found on display in the South, once a haunt,Probably in the mangrove habitat . in the Tang Dynasty. HAN Yu when writing of Wen is offering crocodile of crocodile from
Exploitation Of Utilization
the reptile body large, skins and good quality, high value, and therefore in many countries of the world to own a reptile the reptile body large, skins and good quality, high value, and therefore in many countries of the world to own a reptile . Papua New Guinea, Australia, Southeast Asia, and even itself does not produce pressure of over Europe (France) also have to ensure the large - scale farms Papua New Guinea, Australia, Southeast Asia, and even itself does not produce pressure of over Europe (France) also have to ensure the large - scale farms .
south China in Tang and Song Dynasties and slew the reptile distributions, after due to various reasons such as extinct, in 1980 and Shantou of Guangdong Province and worked as a Thai 20 a plurality of the Siamese crocodile and crocodile, the latter due to hecause of poor administration unsuccessfully to south China in Tang and Song Dynasties and slew the reptile distributions, after due to various reasons such as extinct, in 1980 and Shantou of Guangdong Province and worked as a Thai 20 a plurality of the Siamese crocodile and crocodile, the latter due to hecause of poor administration unsuccessfully to . 20 century 70s, Guangdong Province and Hainan Province has seen the establishment of five farms,At present, most aquaculture has passed down the generations of experience 20 century 70s, Guangdong Province and Hainan Province has seen the establishment of five farms,At present, most aquaculture has passed down the generations of experience .
currently reptile - breeding is the largest in Australia and Thailand currently reptile - breeding is the largest in Australia and Thailand . 1, estuarine crocodile meat. It's edible and palatable to Burmese crocodile meat
Saltwater crocodiles of the meat in a high protein diet, which contains essential amino acids, the ratio of the human body and also has high nutritive value and high unsaturated fatty acids and a variety of microelement Saltwater crocodiles of the meat in a high protein diet, which contains essential amino acids, the ratio of the human body and also has high nutritive value and high unsaturated fatty acids and a variety of microelement . 2, treatment of infertility Thais not addicted to crocodile meat and crocodile bile prized as a cure for infertility women 2, treatment of infertility Thais not addicted to crocodile meat and crocodile bile prized as a cure for infertility women .
3, producing handicrafts distribution density over the region is as broad, though, there was more, Nanyang person to carnivorous, tanned crocodile - skin leather and made into shoes, waistbands, coffer,handbags and the like, the color appearance for the finishing of leather as well as your decoration, there is a high process value 3, producing handicrafts distribution density over the region is as broad, though, there was more, Nanyang person to carnivorous, tanned crocodile - skin leather and made into shoes, waistbands, coffer,handbags and the like, the color appearance for the finishing of leather as well as your decoration, there is a high process value . estuarine crocodile hides. It belongs to the tradition of alligator skin, the abdominal skin of little or no ossification
usually artificial breeding of l - 3 - year - old estuarine crocodile, whose skin of the belly 45 with a width of 15 cm, these creations that are divided into 15 - 24 cm, 25 - 29 cm, 30 - 34 cm, 35 - 39 cm and greater than 40 cm and the like of different grades to sell usually artificial breeding of l - 3 - year - old estuarine crocodile, whose skin of the belly 45 with a width of 15 cm, these creations that are divided into 15 - 24 cm, 25 - 29 cm, 30 - 34 cm, 35 - 39 cm and greater than 40 cm and the like of different grades to sell . narrow skin for multiple small leather goods, such as watch bands, purses and shoes and the like, so that the width of the bark has been traditionally used for boots, leather and suitcases) or the like for each of the narrow skin for multiple small leather goods, such as watch bands, purses and shoes and the like, so that the width of the bark has been traditionally used for boots, leather and suitcases) or the like for each of the .
to improveits price rises 10% an 15%, with a 40 cm or more, oil prices have fallen a lot higher by to improveits price rises 10% an 15%, with a 40 cm or more, oil prices have fallen a lot higher by . Saltwater crocodiles to the back of the leather has a good quality, high value of furs, the best - selling international market Saltwater crocodiles to the back of the leather has a good quality, high value of furs, the best - selling international market .
4, ornamental value as a large reptile, the Saltwater crocodiles also have great ornamental value, development of tourism is one of the most important resources for 4, ornamental value as a large reptile, the Saltwater crocodiles also have great ornamental value, development of tourism is one of the most important resources for . estuarine crocodile heads, feet, teeth, claws, and spines, which may be made into souvenirs or sold directly to tourists, benefit is considerable estuarine crocodile heads, feet, teeth, claws, and spines, which may be made into souvenirs or sold directly to tourists, benefit is considerable .
5, health - care function. Its meat tastes delicious. It's as well as aquatic animals, and animals in the wild; at the same time also has the functions of nourishing Qi, nourishing the heart and lungs, strengthening physique, driving away damp evil,Thus such as cough, asthma, rheumatism, diabetes, and high curative effect to In addition, since the fresh fish containing efficient antibody and peculiar formation of hemoglobin, can be extremely fast, improving human body immunity and blood oxygen uptake capacity, which can greatly improve the quality of the human body health In addition, since the fresh fish containing efficient antibody and peculiar formation of hemoglobin, can be extremely fast, improving human body immunity and blood oxygen uptake capacity, which can greatly improve the quality of the human body health .
Furthermore, estuarine crocodile eggs, gallbladder, liver, heart, oil, glue alligator tail, GRSE can go into the medicine or the development of high - grade cosmetics Furthermore, estuarine crocodile eggs, gallbladder, liver, heart, oil, glue alligator tail, GRSE can go into the medicine or the development of high - grade cosmetics .
Artificial Feeding
Hong Kong celebrity crocodile breeding farms should be adults and juveniles separately, and be based on adequate shading conditions Hong Kong celebrity crocodile breeding farms should be adults and juveniles separately, and be based on adequate shading conditions . larva of the barns are usually in the range of 0. 8 m by 1. 2 metres by 0.5 metres, that wat depth is 30 50 cm
in old crocodile from high - density recording and feeding, breeding pool has an area of 16 meters by 5 meters water depth of 30 cm in old crocodile from high - density recording and feeding, breeding pool has an area of 16 meters by 5 meters water depth of 30 cm . 50 into the body of the pool raised within a maximum of about 0. 5 - hectare pond
is deep, and up to 1 1. 5 meters because of the pond is too deep, could change the water, holding pond water is clean, the pool side with an arbitrarily - shaped sump, as a feeding place,This prevents fresh eating leftover food residues or the entire pool contaminated feeding because of the pond is too deep, could change the water, holding pond water is clean, the pool side with an arbitrarily - shaped sump, as a feeding place,This prevents fresh eating leftover food residues or the entire pool contaminated feeding .
the pool is small, can often be drained and cleaned the pool is small, can often be drained and cleaned . farm facilities should always be used in cement because the cement surface is very smooth, it is possible to avoid the larval or adult due to torn limbs crawling while the farm facilities should always be used in cement because the cement surface is very smooth, it is possible to avoid the larval or adult due to torn limbs crawling while the .
to the hatching rate is first close to picking up eggs in the cavity when the temperature of the clean water to wash the eggs, taking care not to add a disinfectant; secondly, to a soft clean cloth oval, placed horizontally; again, the measured length, width, weight and to obtain your egg per hole and average data; finally, the placement of the incubation chamber, disposed in an orientation in which the picking up eggs when oriented in a consistent manner,Never inverted or inclined to the hatching rate is first close to picking up eggs in the cavity when the temperature of the clean water to wash the eggs, taking care not to add a disinfectant; secondly, to a soft clean cloth oval, placed horizontally; again, the measured length, width, weight and to obtain your egg per hole and average data; finally, the placement of the incubation chamber, disposed in an orientation in which the picking up eggs when oriented in a consistent manner,Never inverted or inclined . incubation temperature is suitable, the temperature is too low, the out shell of the juvenile mortality rate is high, the temperature is too high, the larvae will emerge from the eggs of incomplete deformities of incubation temperature is suitable, the temperature is too low, the out shell of the juvenile mortality rate is high, the temperature is too high, the larvae will emerge from the eggs of incomplete deformities of .
ideal relative humidity of 99% or more, not less than 95%, the humidity is too low will. Fresh - egg dried, resulting in embryonic death or inability of the young Fang pecked on eggshells from choking the gas flow to maintain the room .
in the embryo before 2 weeks to hatch and the sterilization work, in order to remove all harmful microorganisms in the embryo before 2 weeks to hatch and the sterilization work, in order to remove all harmful microorganisms . First ensure the temperature, humidity, air etc. of the appropriate environmental conditions and stability; secondly, on a regular basis for the determination of survival of the embryo; and, finally, to see if the fetal death or abnormal color of the egg,As the white ribbon cloudy and no longer increases, the bubbles even eggshells discoloration or mildewy etc, immediately moved out of the outdoor, and do not include fertilized eggs; Finally, the whole process and conditions of the registration data, form data, for future selection and breeding of all categories shall be used as a reference note fed feed
daily to clean, no contaminating daily to clean, no contaminating . feeding amount, not to feed excess feeding amount, not to feed excess .
. place too much of their work day parcels out residual feed from the feeder tank in clean place too much of their work day parcels out residual feed from the feeder tank in clean .
The Largest Saltwater Crocodile
In November 2011, in the southern Philippines, caught a 6.17 - meter crocodile, in July 2012 the official Guinness Book of World Records as the largest crocodile captured alive yet this nickname "dragon" of the saltwater crocodile, with a length of 6 m across, and weighs over a ton of this nickname "dragon" of the saltwater crocodile, with a length of 6 m across, and weighs over a ton of .
in November 2011, "The Dragon" in the Philippines in Mindanao Buna wan town captured alive allegedly in November 2011, "The Dragon" in the Philippines in Mindanao Buna wan town captured alive allegedly ., originally of Guinness World Records named Cassius is off the radar of the Crocodile in 1984 in the Australian Northern Territory is captured, and nearly 5 feet) long and 1.5 m, and weighs nearly 1 tonne
"The Dragon"is currently housed in a new local ecology of the park, and as the star attraction, attracting thousands of tourists visit the "The Dragon"is currently housed in a new local ecology of the park, and as the star attraction, attracting thousands of tourists visit the . Feb 10th 2013 (local time), the Philippines in Agusan del Sur province, the world's largest crocodile Lolong died Feb 10th 2013 (local time), the Philippines in Agusan del Sur province, the world's largest crocodile Lolong died .
crocodile has entered the Guinness Book of Records as the world's largest crocodiles to be captured, length 6. 17 meters, weighing over 1 ton 3 3.
