膽囊三角

膽囊三角是人體內的一個器官。解剖學上將膽囊管、肝總管及肝臟髒面三者構成的三角形區域稱為膽囊三角(又叫Calot三角、卡洛氏三角Calot's triangle、hepatobiliary triangle 、膽囊動脈三角）。

基本信息

• 中文名：膽囊三角

• 包括：膽囊管、肝總管及肝臟髒面
• 別名：Calot三角、卡洛氏三角Calot's triangle、hepatobiliary triangle 、膽囊動

解剖學上將 膽囊管、肝總管及 肝臟髒面三者構成的三角形區域稱為膽囊三角(又叫Calot三角、卡洛氏三角Calot's triangle、hepatobiliary triangle 、膽囊動脈三角）。

該三角內常有發自肝右動脈的膽囊動脈經過，並常見膽囊頸部的淋巴結。膽囊三角是臨床解剖上的主要標誌，在行膽囊切除時要在該三角內尋找膽囊動脈並加以結紮切斷，要辨認清楚而不可傷及較粗的肝右動脈，以免發生出血或結紮而引起右半肝缺血。膽囊動脈常發生變異，應特別予以注意。該三角區域是外科手術極易發生誤傷的部位。

The hepatobiliary triangle (or cystohepatic triangle) is an anatomic space bordered by the common hepatic duct medially, the cystic duct inferiorly and the superior border to the cystic artery .

[edit]Eponym

Another name used to refer to this region is Calot's Triangle. It is named for Jean-François Calot. Of note, Calot's original description of the triangle in 1891 included the cystic duct, the common hepatic duct, and the cystic artery (not the inferior border of the liver as is commonly believed). The cystohepatic triangle is the area bound by the cystic duct, common hepatic duct, and the liver margin.

[edit]Clinical significance

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General surgeons frequently quiz medical students on this term and the name for the lymph node located within the triangle,Calot's node. The latter is frequently enlarged due to inflammation of the gallbladder (e.g. cholecystitis) or the biliary tract (e.g. cholangitis) and may be removed along with the gallbladder during surgical treatment (cholecystectomy).

Calot's triangle, containing the cystic artery, may also contain an aberrant / accessory Right Hepatic Artery or anomalous sectoral bile ducts. As a result dissection in the triangle of Calot is ill-advised until the lateral-most structures have been cleared and identification of the cystic duct is definitive. According to SESAP 12 (produced and distributed by the American College of Surgeons) dissection in the triangle of Calot is the #1 cause of common bile duct injuries.

[edit]Reference

^ Haubrich, W (November 2002). "Calot of the triangle of Calot". Gastroenterology123 (5): 1440. doi:10.1053/gast.2002.1231440.PMID 12404217.
^synd/4023 at Who Named It?
^ J. F. Calot. De la cholécystectomie. Doctoral thesis, Paris, 1891.
^ Haubrich WS (2002). "Calot of the triangle of Calot". Gastroenterology123 (5): 1440. doi:10.1053/gast.2002.1231440. PMID 12404217.
^ Schwartz's Manual of Surgery BRUNICARDI C.F 8th edition