作品目錄
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITIONACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 1 PRESENT TIME
1-1 THE SIMPLE PRESENT AND THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
1-2 FORMS OF THE SIMPLE PRESENT AND THE PRESENT
PROGRESSIVE
1-3 SPELLING: FINAL -S vs. -ES.
1-4 NONPROGRESSIVE VERBS
1-5 SIMPLE PRESENT AND PRESENT PROGRESSIVE: SHORT
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
Chapter2 PASTTIME
2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST
2-2 FORMS OF THE SIMPLE PAST
2-3 THE PRINCIPAL PARTS OF A VERB
2-4 IRREGULAR VERBS: A REFERENCE LIST
2-5 SPELLING OF -ING AND -ED FORMS
2-6 THE SIMPLE PAST AND THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
2-7 FORMS OF THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
2-8 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: USING TIME CLAUSES
2-9 EXPRESSING PAST HABIT: USED TO
2-10 PREPOSITIONS OF TIME: IN, AT, AND ON
Chaptor3 FUTURETIME
3-1 EXPRESSING FUTURE TIME: BE GOING 20 AND WILL
3-2 FORMSWTTHWILL..
3-3 USING PROBABLYWITHWILL
3-4 BE GOING 10 vs. WILL
3-5 EXPRESSING FUTURE TIME IN TIME CLAUSES AND
IP-CLAVSES
3-6 PARALLELVERBS
3-7 USINGTHEPRESENTPROGRESSIVETOEXPRESS
FUTURETIME
3-8 USINO. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TO EXPRESS FUTURE TIME
3-9 PRESENT PLANS FOR FUTURE ACTIVmES: USING INTEND
PLAH, HOPE
3-10 IMMEDIATE FUTURE: USING BEABOUT 10
Choptor4 NOUNSANDPRONOUNS
4-1 PLURALFORMSOFNOUNS
4-2 SUBJECTS, VERBS, AND OBJECTS
4-3 OBJECTSOFPREPOSmONS
4-4 USINGADJECTIVESTODBSCMBENOUNS
4-5 USINGNOUNSASADJECTIVES
4-6 PERSONAL PRONOUNS: SUBJECTS AND OBJECTS
4-7 POSSESSIVE NOUNS
4-8 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS AND ADJECTIVES
4-9 A FRIEND OF + POSSESSIVE
4-10 REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
4-11 SINGULAR FORMS OF OTHBR: ANOTHER vs. THE OTHER
4-12 PLURAL FORMS OF OTHER: OTHER(S) vt.TSE OTHER(S)
4-13 SUMMARYOFFORMSOFOTHB
4-14 CAPnALIZATION
Chapfr5 MODAL AUXIUARIES
5-1 THE FORM-OF MODAL AUXILIARIES
5-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD
5-3 EXPRESSINGPOSSlBILITY:MAYANDJWGHT
EXPRESSING PERMISSION: MAYAND CAN
5-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY
5-5 ASKING FOR PERMISSION: MAYI, COULD l, CAN l
5-6 ASKING FOR ASSISTANCE: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU,
WILLYOU.CANYOU
5-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD, OUGHT TO, HAD BETTER
5-8 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE T0, HAVS GOT TO, MUST
5-9 EXPRESSING LACK OF NECESSITY: DO NOTHAVE TQ
EXPRESSING PRQHIBITION: MUSTNOT
5-10 MAKING LOGICAL CONCLUSIONS: MUST
5-11 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
5-12 MAKING SUGGESTIONS: LETS AND WHYDON'T
5-13 STATING PREFERENCES: PREFER, LIKE. . . BETTER,
WOULDRATHER
Chapter 6 ASKING QUESTIONS
6-1 YESTNO QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS
6-2 YES/NO QUESTIONS AND INFORMATION QUESTIONS
6-3 USING WHO, WHO(M), AND WHAT
6-4 USING WHAT + A FORM OF DO
6-5 USINGWHATKINDOF
6-6 USING WHICH
6-7 USING WHOSE
6-8 USINGHOW
6-9 USING HOW OFTEN
6-10 USINGHOWFAR
6-11 EXPRESSING LENGTH OF TIME: IT + TAKE
6-12 USING HOWLONG
6-13 MORE QUESTIONS WITH HOW
6-14 USINGHOWABOUTANDWHATABOUT
6-15 TAGQUESTIONS
Chapfor7 THEPRESENTPERFECTANDTHEPASTPERFECT
7-1 THEPASTPARTICIPLE
7-2 FORMS OF THB PRESENT PERFECT
7-3 MBANINGSOFTHEPRESENTPERFECT
7-4 USINGTHESIMPLEPASTvs.THEPRESENTPERFECT
7-5 USING SINCE AND FOR
7-6 THEPRESENTPERFECTPROGRESSIVE
7-7 THE PRESENT PERFECT vs. THE PRESENT PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
7-8 MIDSENTENCE ADVERBS
7-9 USING ALREADY, YET, STILL, ANYMORE
7-10 USINGTHEPASTPERFECT
Chapto 8 COUNT / NONCOUNT NOUNS AND ARNCLES
8-1 COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS
8-2 NONCOUNTNOUNS
8-3 MORE NONCOUNT NOUNS
8-4 NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT
8-5 USINGUNITSOFMEASUREWITHNONCOUNTNOUNS
8-6 GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE
8-7 USING EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY AS PRONOUNS
8-8 NONSPECIFIC OBJECT PRONOUNS: SOME, ANY, AND ONE
Chaptor9 CONNECTING IDEAS
9-1 CONNECTINGIDEASWITHAND
9-2 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH BUT AND OR
9-3 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH SO
9-4 USINGAUXILIARYVERBSAPTERBUTANDAND
9-5 USING AND + 700,50, EITHER, NEITHER
9-6 CONNECTINGIDEASWITHBECAUSE
9-7 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH EVEN THOVGHIALTHOVGH
9-8 PHRASALVERBS(SEPARABLE)
9-9 PHRASAL VERBS (NONSEPRABLE)
Chaptor1O GERUNDS AND INFINmVES
10-1 GERUNDS AND INFINmVES: INTRODUCTION
10-2 VERB+GERUND
10-3 GO + ING
10-4 VERB + INFINmVE
10-5 VERB + GERUND OR INFINmVE
10-6 UNCOMPLETED INFINmVES
10-7 PREPOSmON + GERUND
10-8 USING BY AND WITH TO EXPRESS HOW SOMETHING
ISDONE
10-9 USING GERUNDS AS SUBJECTS: USING IT + INFINITIVE
10-10 IT + INFINITIVE: USING POR (SOMEONE)
10-11 INFINTnVE OF PURPOSE: USING M ORDER TO
10-12 USINGINFINrnVESWITHTOOANDENOUGH
10-13 MORE PHRASAL VERBS (SEPARABLE)
Chopter 11 PASSIVE SENTENCES
11-1 ACTIVE SENTENCES AND PASSIVE SENTENCES
11-2 TENSE FORMS OF PASSIVE VERBS
11-3 TRANSmVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS
11-4 USING THE "BY-PHRASE"
11-5 THE PASSIVE FORMS OF THE PRESENT AND
PASTPROGRESSIVE
11-6 PASSIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES
11-7 SUMMARY: PASSIVE VERB FORMS
11-8 USING PAST PARTICIPLES AS ADJECTIVES
(STXnVE PASSIVE)
11-9 PARTICIPIAL ADJECITVES: -SD vs. -ING
11-10 GBT + ADJECTIVE; GST + PAST KARTICIPLE
11-11 USING BE VSEDIACCUSTOMED To AND GET VSEDI
ACCUSTOMEDTO
11-12 USWG BE SUPPOSED TO
Chapter12 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
12-1 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION
12-2 USING WHO AND WHOM IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
12-3 USING WHO, WHOM, AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
12-4 USING WHICH AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
12-5 SINGULAR AND PLURAL VERBS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
12-6 USING PREPOSmONS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
12-7 USINGWHOSEINADJECTIVECLAUSES
12-8 MORE PHRASAL VERBS (SEPARABLE)
12-9 MORE PHRASAL VERBS (NONSEPARABLE)
Chapterl13 COMPARISONS
13-1 MAKINGCOMPARISONSWITHAS AS
13-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
13-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF
ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
13-4 USING COMPARATIVES
13-5 USINGMOREWITHNOUNS
13-6 REPEATING A COMPARATIVE
13-7 USING DOUBLE COMPARATIVES
13-8 USING SUPERLATIVES
13-9 USING THE SAME, SIMILAR, DIFFERENT, LIKE, ALIKE
Chopfor14 NOUNCLAUSES
14-1 NOUN CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION
14-2 NOUNCLAUSESTHATBEGINWITHAQUESTIONWORD
14-3 NOUN CLAUSES WITH WHO, WHAT, WHOSE + BE
14-4 NOUNCLAUSESWHICHBEGINWITHlFORWHeTHER
14-5 NOUN CLAUSES WHICH BEGIN WITH THAT
14-6 SUBSTITUTINGSOFORA"THAT-CLAUSE"TH
CONVERSAnONAL RESPONSES
14-7 OTHERUSESOF"THAT-CLAUSESES"
Chapter15 QUOTED SPEECH AND REPORTED SPEECH
15-1 QUOTEDSPEECH
15-2 QUOTED SPEECH vs. REPORTED SPEECH
15-3 VERB FORM USAGE IN REPORTED SPEECH: FORMAL
SEQUENCE OF TENSES
15-4 USINGSAyvs. TELL
15-5 USINGASKIF
15-6 USING VERB + INFINITIVE TO REPORT SPEECH
15-7 SOME TROUBLESOME VERBS: ADVISE, SUGGEST, AND
RECOMMEND
Chapter 16 USING WISH. USING IF
16-1 EXPRESSING WISHES ABOUT THE PRESENT/FUTURE
16-2 EXPRESSING WISHES ABOUT THE PAST
16-3 USING IF: CONTRARY-TO-FACT IN THE PRESENT/FUTURE
16-4 USING IF: TRUE vs. CONTRARY-TO-FACT IN THE
PRESENT/FUTURE
16-5 USING IF: CONTRARY-TO-FACT IN THE PAST
16-6 SUMMARY: VERB FORMS IN SENTENCES WITH IF
(CONDITIONALSENTENCES)
Appendlx 1
Appendix 2
Appendlx 3
Appendix 4
Appendlx 5
INDEX
PREPOSITION COMBINATIONS
PHRASAL VERBS
GUIDE FOR CORRECTING WRITING ERRORS
BASIC VOCABULARY UST
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN AMERICAN ENGUSH AND
BRITISH ENGUSH
