A Basic Introduction
Introduction
Hans? Hans Oster, 1777 to August 14, 1851 - March 9, 2009), Danish physicist, chemist Hans? Hans Oster, 1777 to August 14, 1851 - March 9, 2009), Danish physicist, chemist . 1777 on Aug. 14, the Denmark - born Long Island Joe de Lange Lu Bin one pharmacist
family at age 12, and a dispensary and help his father work, at the same time, insist to learn chemical family at age 12, and a dispensary and help his father work, at the same time, insist to learn chemical . due to hard work and discipline, the 17 - year - old as the University of Copenhagen was a free born, studied medicine and natural science due to hard work and discipline, the 17 - year - old as the University of Copenhagen was a free born, studied medicine and natural science .
dug deep into his governess, while in school studying medicine, astronomy, mathematics, physics, chemistry, and in Physics dug deep into his governess, while in school studying medicine, astronomy, mathematics, physics, chemistry, and in Physics .,He was discovered by a current carrying conductor current produces a force on the needle, the needle is redirected ,He was discovered by a current carrying conductor current produces a force on the needle, the needle is redirected .
in the chemical field, the aluminum element is he first discovered the in the chemical field, the aluminum element is he first discovered the . in the late 1800s, the scientific aspects of post - Kantian philosophy and evolution, due to his writing and more to the future in the late 1800s, the scientific aspects of post - Kantian philosophy and evolution, due to his writing and more to the future .
and he was the first clear description of the thought experiment of modern thinkers, created the thought experiment () This noun and he was the first clear description of the thought experiment of modern thinkers, created the thought experiment () This noun . .
obtained doctorate in 1799 1801 1803 he tour Germany, France etc. Similarly, in 1804 he returned to the University of Copenhagen in 1806 and appointed with physical, chemistry professor,Study on current topics such as acoustic and physical, chemistry professor,Study on current topics such as acoustic and .
1815; the Permanent Secretary of the Danish Royal Society 1815; the Permanent Secretary of the Danish Royal Society . 1820 due to current magnetic effect of this outstanding discovery won the Copley Medal of the Royal Society in 1824 with the establishment of the Danish 1820 due to current magnetic effect of this outstanding discovery won the Copley Medal of the Royal Society in 1824 with the establishment of the Danish .
Initiative of the Association for the Advancement of Science, and in 1829 became the head of the Copenhagen Institute of Technology, 1851 until March 9, 2009 in Copenhagen, died aged 74 Initiative of the Association for the Advancement of Science, and in 1829 became the head of the Copenhagen Institute of Technology, 1851 until March 9, 2009 in Copenhagen, died aged 74 . .
Biographical
Hans Oster (born Denmark Langland Island () is a town located on bing? Hans Oster (born Denmark Langland Island () is a town located on bing? . he father Soren Auster (s; ren Christian?) was a pharmacist in town opened a pharmacy he father Soren Auster (s; ren Christian?) was a pharmacist in town opened a pharmacy .
because of the town, in the absence of a formal school, Hans and younger brother, Anders (Anders Sand Auster?; a? e;) follows only a highly educated town elders learning all kinds of knowledge by because of the town, in the absence of a formal school, Hans and younger brother, Anders (Anders Sand Auster?; a? e;) follows only a highly educated town elders learning all kinds of knowledge by . Hans often helping his father in the work,So learn a little basic chemistry Hans often helping his father in the work,So learn a little basic chemistry .
Even so, they are still able to pass with honors by the University of Copenhagen entrance examination of the Even so, they are still able to pass with honors by the University of Copenhagen entrance examination of the . Anders want admission to that practice, while Hans is on literature and philosophy has a strong interest in Anders want admission to that practice, while Hans is on literature and philosophy has a strong interest in .
1799 Hans earned her doctorate thesis theme "Nature's metaphysics of knowledge architecture" 1799 Hans earned her doctorate thesis theme "Nature's metaphysics of knowledge architecture" . after graduation, Hans Oster and became a university lecturer after graduation, Hans Oster and became a university lecturer .
In addition, he is also a medical school professor of pharmacy compounding pharmacists do In addition, he is also a medical school professor of pharmacy compounding pharmacists do . in 1801, Hans Oster obtained a three - year travel scholarship, in 1801, Hans Oster obtained a three - year travel scholarship,.
can study tours in Germany he met John Garrett (Johan Wilhelm Ritter, a physicist at the two men as fast friends Friends can study tours in Germany he met John Garrett (Johan Wilhelm Ritter, a physicist at the two men as fast friends Friends . .
Garrett is convinced that in the electric field to the magnetic field between, hides a physical relationship, Oster felt this interesting idea Garrett is convinced that in the electric field to the magnetic field between, hides a physical relationship, Oster felt this interesting idea . .
He started toward the direction of this academic learning development He started toward the direction of this academic learning development . Oersted had a natural gift for teaching, he lectures widely popular Oersted had a natural gift for teaching, he lectures widely popular .
in 1806, he was hired at the University of Copenhagen professor in 1806, he was hired at the University of Copenhagen professor . his field of study is the electrical and acoustic his field of study is the electrical and acoustic .
in his efforts to guide and implement, at the University of Copenhagen, developed a complete physical and chemistry courses,- and set up a series of innovative laboratory in his efforts to guide and implement, at the University of Copenhagen, developed a complete physical and chemistry courses,- and set up a series of innovative laboratory . 1814, Oster and Inger Bellum in Copenhagen in total in the conclusion of a marriage, who had a total of three men and four women 1814, Oster and Inger Bellum in Copenhagen in total in the conclusion of a marriage, who had a total of three men and four women .
in 1820, he was surprised to find him who first discovered the current wire of the electric current is applied to the needle, to cause the compass needle change direction, from the worldfamous and obtained many medals and honours of the Danish in 1820, he was surprised to find him who first discovered the current wire of the electric current is applied to the needle, to cause the compass needle change direction, from the worldfamous and obtained many medals and honours of the Danish . and in order to raise the level of science and technology, in 1851, he founded the Technical University of Denmark, and served as Vice - Chancellor,until the day he buried him in any way.
. Cemetery of Copenhagen Oster in a legal and political circles are celebrated, but the achievement is extraordinary Cemetery of Copenhagen Oster in a legal and political circles are celebrated, but the achievement is extraordinary .
his sister, Barbara (Barbara?) of Mr. Georg Jacob Bull, who went on to become a member of the Supreme Court of Norway from 1814 to 1827 - brother Anders became chief justice in 1853 and 1854, during the Danish Prime Minister brother Anders became chief justice in 1853 and 1854, during the Danish Prime Minister .
Achievement And Influence
Oster is an ebullient and weighting scientific researches and experiments of teachers, he said: "I don't like that no experiment of boring lectures, all scientific investigation from the start of the experiment of" students welcomed Oster is an ebullient and weighting scientific researches and experiments of teachers, he said: "I don't like that no experiment of boring lectures, all scientific investigation from the start of the experiment of" students welcomed . .
So he is the president of the excellence of the orator and the popularization of science workers, in 1824, which was launched at the initiative of the Danish Society for the Promotion of Science, Denmark created the first physics laboratory in 1908 So he is the president of the excellence of the orator and the popularization of science workers, in 1824, which was launched at the initiative of the Danish Society for the Promotion of Science, Denmark created the first physics laboratory in 1908 . Danish Natural Science Association for the Advancement of Colored People established "Oersted Medal, in recognition of oster Danish Natural Science Association for the Advancement of Colored People established "Oersted Medal, in recognition of oster .
physicist who has made an important contribution to the feat has been recognised, in honour of him,International from beginning in 1934 named Oersted field strength is measured in units, referred to as the "Austrian" physicist who has made an important contribution to the feat has been recognised, in honour of him,International from beginning in 1934 named Oersted field strength is measured in units, referred to as the "Austrian" . 1937 establishment of the American Association of Physics Teachers' Oersted Medal ", awarded in Physics Teaching on the contribution of physical teachers 1937 establishment of the American Association of Physics Teachers' Oersted Medal ", awarded in Physics Teaching on the contribution of physical teachers .
his important papers in 1920 and published in the name of the book is" Auster scienti" his important papers in 1920 and published in the name of the book is" Auster scienti" .
Experimental Information
Cause
Early Auster was a college was a Kantian philosophy, the effect of various natural forces, from the same root, may be his belief about the Early Auster was a college was a Kantian philosophy, the effect of various natural forces, from the same root, may be his belief about the . mutual conversion between electricity and magnetism have some kind of relationship, can be converted to a certain electrical magnetic mutual conversion between electricity and magnetism have some kind of relationship, can be converted to a certain electrical magnetic .
preoccupation was how to find this kind of transformation conditions preoccupation was how to find this kind of transformation conditions . Oster scrutinizes the Coulomb (C) of IL - 17 found coulomb in terms of research, all the electrostatic and magnetostatic, impossible indeed transformed Oster scrutinizes the Coulomb (C) of IL - 17 found coulomb in terms of research, all the electrostatic and magnetostatic, impossible indeed transformed .
, he speculated, non - electrostatic, magnetostatic non - might be the condition for converting should pay more attention to the interaction of the magnet current and if there was ever a time to explore , he speculated, non - electrostatic, magnetostatic non - might be the condition for converting should pay more attention to the interaction of the magnet current and if there was ever a time to explore .
Experimental
In 1819 and 1820 in the first half of the year in the second half, he served as one of electrical, magnetic properties, the main speaker, while it continues to study electric and magnetic relationship In 1819 and 1820 in the first half of the year in the second half, he served as one of electrical, magnetic properties, the main speaker, while it continues to study electric and magnetic relationship . April 1820, in speeches and in the end, Auster as a try that mood and were the subject of an experiment on April 1820, in speeches and in the end, Auster as a try that mood and were the subject of an experiment on .
He took a very fine platinum wire with a glass cover with a small magnetic needle of the above, the power - on of the was and then beating a needle He took a very fine platinum wire with a glass cover with a small magnetic needle of the above, the power - on of the was and then beating a needle . this jump, the heart of Oersted is overjoyed, and excitement on the podium but this jump, the heart of Oersted is overjoyed, and excitement on the podium but .
fell because the deflection angle is small and not very regular, this jump did not attract the audience's attention to future fell because the deflection angle is small and not very regular, this jump did not attract the audience's attention to future .,Oster took three months, made a number of times the experiment design, the needle in the current week surrounded will ,Oster took three months, made a number of times the experiment design, the needle in the current week surrounded will .
deflection in the wire of the wire above and below, in the direction opposite to the deflection of magnetic needle and deflection in the wire of the wire above and below, in the direction opposite to the deflection of magnetic needle and . conductor placed between the nonmagnetic material, such as wood, glass, water, rosin and the like, does not affect the compass needle is deflected conductor placed between the nonmagnetic material, such as wood, glass, water, rosin and the like, does not affect the compass needle is deflected .
1820 of 21 July 2004, he wrote "On the current impact experiments" of the paper was only four pages of paper, is an extremely concise report 1820 of 21 July 2004, he wrote "On the current impact experiments" of the paper was only four pages of paper, is an extremely concise report . Paul Auster, told how his experimental device 60 and a plurality of experimental results from the experiment are:current of action exists only around the current carrying conductor; along the thread direction that is perpendicular to the wire; a current on the role of magnetic needle can be passed through a variety of different media; the role depends on its media, but also on the distance to the magnetic wire and a current of strength; copper and its his doing some material of the needle is not affected by the current action; the energization of the annular conductor, which is the equivalent of a needle which has two magnetic poles, and the like Paul Auster, told how his experimental device 60 and a plurality of experimental results from the experiment are:current of action exists only around the current carrying conductor; along the thread direction that is perpendicular to the wire; a current on the role of magnetic needle can be passed through a variety of different media; the role depends on its media, but also on the distance to the magnetic wire and a current of strength; copper and its his doing some material of the needle is not affected by the current action; the energization of the annular conductor, which is the equivalent of a needle which has two magnetic poles, and the like .
officially announced to academics found the current officially announced to academics found the current .
Significance
Oster found that of the current, is a major discovery in the history of science, it immediately aroused by those who know its importance and value of people's attention on the Oster found that of the current, is a major discovery in the history of science, it immediately aroused by those who know its importance and value of people's attention on the . in this major finding, it was found that there was a series of in this major finding, it was found that there was a series of .
two months after the discovery of ampere current interaction, which is made of a first electromagnet, invented the galvanometer Shi Wei etc amps two months after the discovery of ampere current interaction, which is made of a first electromagnet, invented the galvanometer Shi Wei etc amps . wrote: "Mr. Auster. forever his name and a new era in" Auster 'findings of a new era in the history of physics.
Scientific Achievements
Electromagnetic Effect
Hans Christian Oersted since Coulomb proposed electricity and magnetism are fundamentally different since, was dampened and consider the linkages between them while Hans Christian Oersted since Coulomb proposed electricity and magnetism are fundamentally different since, was dampened and consider the linkages between them while . amperes and biot - like physicists believe that electricity and magnetism will not have any contact with amperes and biot - like physicists believe that electricity and magnetism will not have any contact with .
but Oersted, I believed in the electrical, magnetic, optical, thermal and other phenomena are intrinsically linked, especially Franklin once found the Leyden jar discharge can maintain magnetization, reinforcing his idea but Oersted, I believed in the electrical, magnetic, optical, thermal and other phenomena are intrinsically linked, especially Franklin once found the Leyden jar discharge can maintain magnetization, reinforcing his idea . time, some people tried to seek of the magnetic and electrical contact, with the result that the failed time, some people tried to seek of the magnetic and electrical contact, with the result that the failed .
Oster analysis of these experiments led to the conclusion that in the current direction, go find effect appears to be impossible,Then the effect of the role that she would not get the cross?In April 1820, on an evening lecture, Oersted's experiment demonstrates current | galvanic cell with a platinum wire is connected to the drain, close to the platinum wire of a small hunting Oster analysis of these experiments led to the conclusion that in the current direction, go find effect appears to be impossible,Then the effect of the role that she would not get the cross?In April 1820, on an evening lecture, Oersted's experiment demonstrates current | galvanic cell with a platinum wire is connected to the drain, close to the platinum wire of a small hunting . This is not a conspicuous phenomenon without the listeners' attention, while the oersted is very excited, he spent three months on in - depth study, from 1820 on 21 July, he announced the experiment This is not a conspicuous phenomenon without the listeners' attention, while the oersted is very excited, he spent three months on in - depth study, from 1820 on 21 July, he announced the experiment .
Oe in one end of the wire and the galvanic cells are connected to a positive electrode, the wire along the longitudinal direction parallel to and resting the magnetic needle of the above, when the other end of the wire is connected to the negative electrode, when the needle is pointing east - west direction immediately Oe in one end of the wire and the galvanic cells are connected to a positive electrode, the wire along the longitudinal direction parallel to and resting the magnetic needle of the above, when the other end of the wire is connected to the negative electrode, when the needle is pointing east - west direction immediately ., glass plates, wood chip,stones, etc., the object is inserted between the wire and the needle, even small magnetic needle is immersed in the water as the Copper Box, needle deflection so 
Electromagnetics
Auster thought an energized conductor around the occurrence of a "current" Auster thought an energized conductor around the occurrence of a "current" . this impact only affects on the magnetic particles, the magnetic object is the this impact only affects on the magnetic particles, the magnetic object is the .
may pass through the magnetic substance, or the magnetic particles are subjected to an impact, prevents it from passing through, and then is driven, deflected may pass through the magnetic substance, or the magnetic particles are subjected to an impact, prevents it from passing through, and then is driven, deflected . needle of each wire or below, a small needle to deflecting in the opposite direction; if the wires are placed horizontally along the east - west direction, regardless of the wire is placed above or below the magnetic needle, magnetic needle remains stationary, needle of each wire or below, a small needle to deflecting in the opposite direction; if the wires are placed horizontally along the east - west direction, regardless of the wire is placed above or below the magnetic needle, magnetic needle remains stationary, .
he thought the current impact along the axis of the helix as the wire to the direction of propagation,screw thread direction remains perpendicular to an axis of he thought the current impact along the axis of the helix as the wire to the direction of propagation,screw thread direction remains perpendicular to an axis of . This is the image of the effect of the description on the effect of Oersted This is the image of the effect of the description on the effect of Oersted .
explained that, although not entirely correct, but does not detract from the significance of the experiment, it is proved that the electric and magnetic energy can be interchanged with each other, which is the foundation for the explained that, although not entirely correct, but does not detract from the significance of the experiment, it is proved that the electric and magnetic energy can be interchanged with each other, which is the foundation for the . of electromagnetics of electromagnetics.
Other Aspects
Oster has chemical affinity, etc. 1822 he precisely determined compression factor value, water compressibility of 1822 he precisely determined compression factor value, water compressibility of .
1823 he thermoelectric phenomena have been successful and the study on the Coulomb balance 1823 he thermoelectric phenomena have been successful and the study on the Coulomb balance . He also brings some important He also brings some important .
Oster in 1825 the earliest refined aluminum (i.e. with a dilute potassium amalgam with aluminum chloride reaction to separate metallic aluminum), but the purity is not high, so that its achievement in the history is affiliated with the German chemist Friedrich, he is the last study performed in the late 1940s against the magnets of the study,tried to reverse the polarity of the anti - induction effect to explain the substance of the same period the diamagnetic Michael Faraday in achievement is that exceeds the Oersted and its French peer Michael Faraday in achievement is that exceeds the Oersted and its French peer .
Faraday did not prove the existence of the so - called magnetic pole and the magnetic permeability with Faraday did not prove the existence of the so - called magnetic pole and the magnetic permeability with . uniform interpretation of the concept of both magnetic and diamagnetic uniform interpretation of the concept of both magnetic and diamagnetic .
however, Oe Against magnet still deep - going impacts however, Oe Against magnet still deep - going impacts .
Application
Oe (Oersted) is the centimeter - gram - second system in a magnetic field (H field), the magnetization unit, referred to as the "Austrian" (Oe) Oe (Oersted) is the centimeter - gram - second system in a magnetic field (H field), the magnetization unit, referred to as the "Austrian" (Oe) . 1930, to commemorate the Danish physicist Hans Christian Oersted, found its way to 1930, to commemorate the Danish physicist Hans Christian Oersted, found its way to .
unit named Oersted (Oe) is defined as a dyne per unit charge (dyn) unit named Oersted (Oe) is defined as a dyne per unit charge (dyn) . conversion to SI units, 1 Oe equals 1000 / 4 = 79 (. pi. amperes per meter) 5774715
winding 79. 58 turns per meter,with a current of 1 ampere of overlength within the solenoid of the H field is approximately 1 oersted when 10 amperes of current through an infinitely long and thin wire, the wire distance of 2 cm at the H - field is 1 Oe when 10 amperes of current through an infinitely long and thin wire, the wire distance of 2 cm at the H - field is 1 Oe .
when 10 amperes of current through a radius of 1 cm of the Machida turn loop coil, the ring at the heart of the H field is 2 pi Oster when 10 amperes of current through a radius of 1 cm of the Machida turn loop coil, the ring at the heart of the H field is 2 pi Oster . in the centimeter - gram - second system, the H field is in Oe, a magnetic induction field strength (B) of the unit Gaussian is in the centimeter - gram - second system, the H field is in Oe, a magnetic induction field strength (B) of the unit Gaussian is .
in the International System of Units, the H field is expressed in amperes / meter, the field B of the unit is Tesla in the International System of Units, the H field is expressed in amperes / meter, the field B of the unit is Tesla . Oersted field and B of the unit Gaussian is closely related to the Oersted field and B of the unit Gaussian is closely related to the .
in a vacuum, if the H - field is 1 Oe,if a b field is a 1 Gaussian in a vacuum, if the H - field is 1 Oe,if a b field is a 1 Gaussian . in the magnetic permeability of the substrate, the B field (Gaussian) with H - field (Oe) is the relationship of B = uH in the magnetic permeability of the substrate, the B field (Gaussian) with H - field (Oe) is the relationship of B = uH.
