Step2:
Sicien (1905 - 1988), Zhejiang Jiaxing, biology, Sicien (1905 - 1988), Zhejiang Jiaxing, biology, . entomologist in 1928 and graduated from the Department of Biology, Fudan University in Shanghai in 1934 was awarded a doctorate of Paris entomologist in 1928 and graduated from the Department of Biology, Fudan University in Shanghai in 1934 was awarded a doctorate of Paris .
. In the same year, he returned to China and held the posts of the Natural History Museum and Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, a researcher with the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of In the same year, he returned to China and held the posts of the Natural History Museum and Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, a researcher with the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of .
successive liberation of insects and animals, a researcher with the Institute, the director, director emeritus of entomology at Sun Yat - sen, the chairman of Agricultural Science Societies and the vice chairman of the successive liberation of insects and animals, a researcher with the Institute, the director, director emeritus of entomology at Sun Yat - sen, the chairman of Agricultural Science Societies and the vice chairman of the . in 1955 was elected academician of CAS Academic Divisions ( in 1955 was elected academician of CAS Academic Divisions (.
) In addition, dr. chen sicien is in the 3rd, 4th and 5th,the Sixth National People's Congress (NPC) on behalf of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in the second and third national committee in 1979 and joined the Communist Party of China .
dr. chen sicien Association. She long engaged in entomology, evolutionary taxonomy and three disciplines in the areas of Architectural Construction; in entomology, he mainly including Coleoptera Chrysomeloidea as main research object, Chrysomeloidea Sanke classification is improved with Liu system, is used by international peers in entomology, he mainly including Coleoptera Chrysomeloidea as main research object, Chrysomeloidea Sanke classification is improved with Liu system, is used by international peers .
insect published more than 60 new genera and 700 new species of multiple research papers insect published more than 60 new genera and 700 new species of multiple research papers . 50 studied the species question sums up "again, unchanged," the concept of species,pointing out that species changes again, unchanged in the antinomy of the perform; and classifying the feature division, as well as with a series of plesiomorphies, pointed out that the new sign is the variable, intermittent, is provided not only on the basis of the plesiomorphy is the constant representing the continuous holding of i, the evaluation is the basis for his book, " 50 studied the species question sums up "again, unchanged," the concept of species,pointing out that species changes again, unchanged in the antinomy of the perform; and classifying the feature division, as well as with a series of plesiomorphies, pointed out that the new sign is the variable, intermittent, is provided not only on the basis of the plesiomorphy is the constant representing the continuous holding of i, the evaluation is the basis for his book, ".
" evolutionary taxonomy ", for the first time the concept of species, evolutionary theory and analysis, are integrated into one single theory of evolutionary taxonomy, systematics, and offers new concepts and methodology " evolutionary taxonomy ", for the first time the concept of species, evolutionary theory and analysis, are integrated into one single theory of evolutionary taxonomy, systematics, and offers new concepts and methodology .
Character Biography
Sicien, November 5, 1905 and was born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang of a suburban family Sicien, November 5, 1905 and was born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang of a suburban family . grandfather grandfather .
parent mentions scholar Chen Jian, Zi Zhi Gong, studied in Shanghai's Fudan University, returning after working out in the country founded in elementary school, middle age to bring the family in the city, business, and became a well - known business personalities with parent mentions scholar Chen Jian, Zi Zhi Gong, studied in Shanghai's Fudan University, returning after working out in the country founded in elementary school, middle age to bring the family in the city, business, and became a well - known business personalities with . Jiaxing in Jiaxing is a land of plenty, is also often sesamia inferens outbreak area of Jiaxing in Jiaxing is a land of plenty, is also often sesamia inferens outbreak area of .
Sicien consisting of small farmers to witness the aftermath of the horrors they had no assured living sources, were full of sympathy for the farmer and father of Sicien consisting of small farmers to witness the aftermath of the horrors they had no assured living sources, were full of sympathy for the farmer and father of . had initiated the establishment of and participation in pest control in the first civil organization of moth committee to guide the scientific and the vermin,in the home also often talk about science and the borer pests - controlling method, in his young heart, impressed by himself for a selected attack entomology and well had initiated the establishment of and participation in pest control in the first civil organization of moth committee to guide the scientific and the vermin,in the home also often talk about science and the borer pests - controlling method, in his young heart, impressed by himself for a selected attack entomology and well .
after the founding of the Peoples Republic of China, in 1950, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Experimental Biology Laboratory of Insect Research Fellow and Director, Institute of Entomology Professor, Director, Institute of Zoology, Professor, Director, Honorary Director in 1951 to attend three Society of after the founding of the Peoples Republic of China, in 1950, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Experimental Biology Laboratory of Insect Research Fellow and Director, Institute of Entomology Professor, Director, Institute of Zoology, Professor, Director, Honorary Director in 1951 to attend three Society of . .
. in 1979 and joined the Communist Party of China in 50 years of his career in scientific research and published papers and monographs about the 185, in 1979 and joined the Communist Party of China in 50 years of his career in scientific research and published papers and monographs about the 185, .
books over the years, especially after the founding of the People's Republic of China,He Boyan Zhonglun, Seeking a suspected Yongjin, it made the leading ideology, with its rich experience in biological classification, investigate the evolution of philosophy, and discusses the classification of the following basic issues: the concept of species, principle and system features, integrated as a complete system of evolutionary taxonomy, and evolution has taken a number of complementary and development of books over the years, especially after the founding of the People's Republic of China,He Boyan Zhonglun, Seeking a suspected Yongjin, it made the leading ideology, with its rich experience in biological classification, investigate the evolution of philosophy, and discusses the classification of the following basic issues: the concept of species, principle and system features, integrated as a complete system of evolutionary taxonomy, and evolution has taken a number of complementary and development of .
Schooling
He graduated from higher primary that year, China broke out with vigour and vitality "of the May 4th Movement of 1919 was He graduated from higher primary that year, China broke out with vigour and vitality "of the May 4th Movement of 1919 was . school walkouts, students took to the streets and marched to school walkouts, students took to the streets and marched to .
Sicien also patriotic propaganda is to survive in the system, the streets, behind the propaganda" subjugate a nation hate "and cultivated the prosperity of the country and patriotism, and developed the science of thought scion Sicien also patriotic propaganda is to survive in the system, the streets, behind the propaganda" subjugate a nation hate "and cultivated the prosperity of the country and patriotism, and developed the science of thought scion .. Later, he studied at the Department of Biology, Fudan University, it was intended to dedicate his life to give for my country's entomological career
. Sicien 1928 graduated the same year went to France in 1934 at the Sorbonne, was awarded a doctorate for a dissertation" China and North Vietnam in the leaf beetle subfamily of the system; "Entomological Society of France in 1935 of Barcelona prize (Prix) Sicien 1928 graduated the same year went to France in 1934 at the Sorbonne, was awarded a doctorate for a dissertation" China and North Vietnam in the leaf beetle subfamily of the system; "Entomological Society of France in 1935 of Barcelona prize (Prix) .
8 January 1934, after his return, and took the position of the period of the Instute of Zoology and Botany, Academia Sinica, a researcher with the Institute of Animal 8 January 1934, after his return, and took the position of the period of the Instute of Zoology and Botany, Academia Sinica, a researcher with the Institute of Animal .
Resume
5 November 1905 and was born in Zhejiang countryside Mu Gang War; Quanzheng 5 November 1905 and was born in Zhejiang countryside Mu Gang War; Quanzheng . 1924 1928 Fudan University Department of Biology Learning and 1924 1928 Fudan University Department of Biology Learning and .
graduated from 1928 to 1934 studied in France, was awarded a doctorate at the Sorbonne in 1949 graduated from 1928 to 1934 studied in France, was awarded a doctorate at the Sorbonne in 1949 . 1934 Ren and Botany Academia Sinica Fellow in May 1944, the Institute of Zoology and Botany divided into animals, the Institute of Botany, took up a position as a researcher with the Institute of Animal 1934 Ren and Botany Academia Sinica Fellow in May 1944, the Institute of Zoology and Botany divided into animals, the Institute of Botany, took up a position as a researcher with the Institute of Animal .
1950 1952 of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Experimental Biology insect researcher, director,and 1950 1952 of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Experimental Biology insect researcher, director,and . Shanghai Aurora Museum from 1953 to 1961, a researcher with the Institute of Entomology the Chinese Academy of Sciences, director of Shanghai Aurora Museum from 1953 to 1961, a researcher with the Institute of Entomology the Chinese Academy of Sciences, director of .
1962 1981 Ren, a researcher with the Institute of Zoology, 1962 1981 Ren, a researcher with the Institute of Zoology, . Director from 1982 to 1988 served as the honorary director of the Institute of Zoology Director from 1982 to 1988 served as the honorary director of the Institute of Zoology .
25 January 1988, died in Beijing 25 January 1988, died in Beijing.
Achievement
Sicien joined the Jiu San Society in 1952, and 1955 for Sicien joined the Jiu San Society in 1952, and 1955 for . Zhuang Qiaosheng Zhuang Qiaosheng .
besides a large amount of research and director of the Institute of Work, four types of situation of China and director of the editorial board, "China encyclopedia", "Biology" editorial board, deputy director of China "which is a member of the Editorial Board of" Acta Entomologica Sinica "," Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica " besides a large amount of research and director of the Institute of Work, four types of situation of China and director of the editorial board, "China encyclopedia", "Biology" editorial board, deputy director of China "which is a member of the Editorial Board of" Acta Entomologica Sinica "," Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica ". also served as the editor of the china association for the study of insects, Agricultural Science Societies; Vice - Chairman of the Standing Committee of the China Association for Science and Technology, Honorary Member, his second, of the Third Session of the CPPCC, III, IV, and V,Sixth NPC also served as the editor of the china association for the study of insects, Agricultural Science Societies; Vice - Chairman of the Standing Committee of the China Association for Science and Technology, Honorary Member, his second, of the Third Session of the CPPCC, III, IV, and V,Sixth NPC .
1955 for Zhuang Qiaosheng 1955 for Zhuang Qiaosheng . served as the second, of the Third Session of the CPPCC, the third, fourth, fifth, sixth and deputy to the National People's Congress; the Standing Committee of the Association of China and the National Committee, Honorary Member; China and director of the Editorial Board, "in Encyclopedia of China Biological volume, deputy director of the editorial board, and the" Chinese Science "an editorial board of" Acta Entomologica Sinica "," Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica "and other journals, editor of served as the second, of the Third Session of the CPPCC, the third, fourth, fifth, sixth and deputy to the National People's Congress; the Standing Committee of the Association of China and the National Committee, Honorary Member; China and director of the Editorial Board, "in Encyclopedia of China Biological volume, deputy director of the editorial board, and the" Chinese Science "an editorial board of" Acta Entomologica Sinica "," Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica "and other journals, editor of .
also served as the former director - general of China Insect Academy, vice - chairman of the Agricultural Science Societies also served as the former director - general of China Insect Academy, vice - chairman of the Agricultural Science Societies .
On His Main
Sicien 1. Outline of the historical development of insects. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 1955, five (5): 1 43. 2 Sicien. With regard to the species problem. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1957, 2: 33 43 1.3 Sicien. Some basic concepts in the taxonomy of. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 1961, 6, 10 (4): 321 - 338 4 Sicien. evolution of dialectics. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1975, 20 (8): 348 357. 5 Sicien. Evolution and taxonomy. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 1977, 20 (4): 359 - 381; and updating the republication, Beijing: Science Press,1978; again: the second edition, Beijing: Science Press, 1987. 6 Sicien. biological evolution of Toys. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1978, 2B (3): 138 145. 7 Sicien. evolution of the three routes. The Dialectics of Nature, 1980, 5 (2): 14, 16, 45. 8 Sicien Chen Yi, etc. of the boundary between two systems of biological classification. Acta Zootaxonomica Si nica, 1979, 4 (1): 1 - 12. 9 Sicien. species concept and the classification principle. Science in China, Ser. B, 1983, (4):315 320. 10 Sicien. Evolution of the number of basic concepts. the theory of evolution, Beijing: Science Press, 1983: 1 8. 11 Sicien, Yu Peiyu from China. Aun Mag: Insecta, Coleoptera, Hispidae. Beijing: Science Press, 1986.
Again, Unchanged Species Concept
Biological species concept is a history of problems in Biological species concept is a history of problems in . before Darwin, believed that the species is constant, on the earth in all its forms and manifestations of the creatures are God's creation is before Darwin, believed that the species is constant, on the earth in all its forms and manifestations of the creatures are God's creation is .
of Darwin (1859) stated the species is variable, a negation of the species have been the same, the evolution of species through evolution, evolution makes ideological victory for of Darwin (1859) stated the species is variable, a negation of the species have been the same, the evolution of species through evolution, evolution makes ideological victory for . based on modern science is flourishing, Sicien discovered many new facts, the fast - changing and not mutually exclusive and based on modern science is flourishing, Sicien discovered many new facts, the fast - changing and not mutually exclusive and .
species change, an invariable aspect, evolution is again, unchanged of contradictions in the species change, an invariable aspect, evolution is again, unchanged of contradictions in the . in the 1930s,With the progress of population genetics, gene frequency in population of stability, so as to give a relatively stable species concept in the 1930s,With the progress of population genetics, gene frequency in population of stability, so as to give a relatively stable species concept .
1950s development of molecular biology techniques, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the main hereditary substance of its double helix structure having such a mechanism: on the one hand, the self - replication, the genetic information carried in a copy made, to the offspring, ensuring the stability and invariability of species; on the other hand, by means of a nucleotide base sequence with the infinite variation of the potential,for the future evolution of the species provide unlimited 1950s development of molecular biology techniques, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the main hereditary substance of its double helix structure having such a mechanism: on the one hand, the self - replication, the genetic information carried in a copy made, to the offspring, ensuring the stability and invariability of species; on the other hand, by means of a nucleotide base sequence with the infinite variation of the potential,for the future evolution of the species provide unlimited . taxonomy of facts, perhaps the problem taxonomy of facts, perhaps the problem .
to all living things share genetic language, using a common genetic code (invariant), but each species and variety of genetic information carried by the (variable) to all living things share genetic language, using a common genetic code (invariant), but each species and variety of genetic information carried by the (variable) . all insects in adult period whereas the cent head, chest, abdomen, thorax with three pairs (unchanged); all the adult beetles have elytra pair (unchanged); but each beetle or insect, the result of the different (variable) all insects in adult period whereas the cent head, chest, abdomen, thorax with three pairs (unchanged); all the adult beetles have elytra pair (unchanged); but each beetle or insect, the result of the different (variable) .
each species has its own hold again, unchanged from the history of the each species has its own hold again, unchanged from the history of the . genetic mechanism and classification of the facts, Sicien made the conclusion that species is variable,and are constant, which is variable in accordance with the development of the species, the species is the source of the existence of invariant, change is absolute, is the principal aspect of a contradiction, the species has changed, unchanged in the evolution of the contradiction that the genetic mechanism and classification of the facts, Sicien made the conclusion that species is variable,and are constant, which is variable in accordance with the development of the species, the species is the source of the existence of invariant, change is absolute, is the principal aspect of a contradiction, the species has changed, unchanged in the evolution of the contradiction that the .
"again, unchanged species concept", is the theory of evolution and taxonomy of Sicien theory the core and basis of "again, unchanged species concept", is the theory of evolution and taxonomy of Sicien theory the core and basis of .
Species Concept And Principle Of Classification
classification system is a microcosm of the history of evolution, which is the theoretical basis for the evolutionary taxonomy of taxonomy of classification system is a microcosm of the history of evolution, which is the theoretical basis for the evolutionary taxonomy of taxonomy of . There was not enough, how to make the classification system to correctly reflect the evolutionary history of There was not enough, how to make the classification system to correctly reflect the evolutionary history of .
classification is carried out by comparison of the feature, in fact, is to classify the feature classification reflects evolutionary history classification is carried out by comparison of the feature, in fact, is to classify the feature classification reflects evolutionary history . .
Sicien work lies in the features pointed out, the analysis of the classification feature, first, the feature is divided into two categories: the new levy and a series of plesiomorphies Sicien work lies in the features pointed out, the analysis of the classification feature, first, the feature is divided into two categories: the new levy and a series of plesiomorphies . each species has its own species, the species is a species of the new sign. It's a new species of the formation of the feature,Representative species of variable one
each species having it by a series of superior unit features, these features are the superior species by holding a series of plesiomorphies, which represents an invariable aspect each species having it by a series of superior unit features, these features are the superior species by holding a series of plesiomorphies, which represents an invariable aspect . Xinzheng and plesiomorphy are relative, and the kinds of the features of the species is in and of itself, which is specific to the new levy, on species and even individual species within the lower unit, is the shared plesiomorphies, units at all levels - both Xinzheng and plesiomorphy are relative, and the kinds of the features of the species is in and of itself, which is specific to the new levy, on species and even individual species within the lower unit, is the shared plesiomorphies, units at all levels - both .
so the superordinated unit is characterized by a subordinate unit of plesiomorphies and autapomorphies, therefore, at the corresponding unit of the feature is present to obtain the new levy so the superordinated unit is characterized by a subordinate unit of plesiomorphies and autapomorphies, therefore, at the corresponding unit of the feature is present to obtain the new levy . the same feature, in this case is a new sign, is a variable of the product; in another case again is a plesiomorphy, the same feature, in this case is a new sign, is a variable of the product; in another case again is a plesiomorphy,.
levels remain unchanged is the unit of the feature has occurred, the unit of the higher, the appearance time of the earlier, the boundary between two features is earlier than the gate level, gate level earlier than the Class, Class is earlier than the mesh, the mesh is earlier than the stage at the section level, and the like, this feature is called levels remain unchanged is the unit of the feature has occurred, the unit of the higher, the appearance time of the earlier, the boundary between two features is earlier than the gate level, gate level earlier than the Class, Class is earlier than the mesh, the mesh is earlier than the stage at the section level, and the like, this feature is called . the up - down unit of the timing between the timing characteristics reflect the development stage of plesiomorphies and autapomorphies, plesiomorphy is the evolution of history, reflects the continuous origin, is the relationship of the tracing system according to the features of the oppositions between the up - down unit of the timing between the timing characteristics reflect the development stage of plesiomorphies and autapomorphies, plesiomorphy is the evolution of history, reflects the continuous origin, is the relationship of the tracing system according to the features of the oppositions between .
unit shows a new sign of the unique nature of the new sign is present to Their Origin, symbolized by interrupted development,is to establish a single source of the groups according to unit shows a new sign of the unique nature of the new sign is present to Their Origin, symbolized by interrupted development,is to establish a single source of the groups according to . each species or species in the history of its development process in both the two status, on time and space in the genealogies of the status of the ecological status classification each species or species in the history of its development process in both the two status, on time and space in the genealogies of the status of the ecological status classification .
features may reflect the lineage of the branch, reflect the ecological adaptation features may reflect the lineage of the branch, reflect the ecological adaptation . branch system school holds that the genealogical branch is the sole criterion for taxonomy, evolutionary classification in addition to the lineages of the branch, it is also contemplated that one of the branches of the evolutionary stage and the adaptation of the level, i.e. in the historical development of spacetime; the unified relation between
Sicien further clarified that the classification is the "division of the unity of opposites, and the both conflicting and interdependent, and mutually transforming Sicien further clarified that the classification is the "division of the unity of opposites, and the both conflicting and interdependent, and mutually transforming . left,"again, unchanged species concept" and "classification principle of separation of the dialectical relationship between left,"again, unchanged species concept" and "classification principle of separation of the dialectical relationship between .
schematic diagram from the bottom to the top, to the left of the figure is that, due to the varying, generate the new levy, the levy reflects the new development of discontinuous, the discontinuity is to distinguish the type of; on the right is: Since the invariant holds some of the plesiomorphies and autapomorphies, therefore, reflect the origin of a continuous series of plesiomorphies, continuity is the exact type of the FIG. on four pairs of contradiction, the fast - changing, the new levy with a series of plesiomorphies, intermittent and continuous, the" division, each pair of two sides of contradiction are relative, and in certain circumstances and transformed by on four pairs of contradiction, the fast - changing, the new levy with a series of plesiomorphies, intermittent and continuous, the" division, each pair of two sides of contradiction are relative, and in certain circumstances and transformed by .
This is Sicien on systematics of this dialectic is most succinctly illustrated This is Sicien on systematics of this dialectic is most succinctly illustrated .
Struggle To Survive With Natural Selection
Sicien in enriches and develops the theory of evolution by a large volume of reproductive Sicien in enriches and develops the theory of evolution by a large volume of reproductive . and in accordance with the Darwinian struggle to survive, but the struggle, is a large volume of reproductive reasons, according to natural selection, but this is only one aspect of the and in accordance with the Darwinian struggle to survive, but the struggle, is a large volume of reproductive reasons, according to natural selection, but this is only one aspect of the .
Sicien pointed out, a large volume of reproductive again is the result of the struggle, is also an adaptive phenomenon, is the struggle, with the result of natural selection and natural selection in evolution Sicien pointed out, a large volume of reproductive again is the result of the struggle, is also an adaptive phenomenon, is the struggle, with the result of natural selection and natural selection in evolution . route discussed "biosphere level classification of the new concept", Wei Teck (1969) pointed out that plants, animals and fungi biological ecosystem is composed of three basic links,decide the evolution of the three basic route discussed "biosphere level classification of the new concept", Wei Teck (1969) pointed out that plants, animals and fungi biological ecosystem is composed of three basic links,decide the evolution of the three basic .
Sicien elaborated further, green plants are autotrophic organisms, is the nature of the producers, they undertake photosynthesis, synthesis of inorganic substances or organic nutrients, to support herself, which support Sicien elaborated further, green plants are autotrophic organisms, is the nature of the producers, they undertake photosynthesis, synthesis of inorganic substances or organic nutrients, to support herself, which support . heterotrophs in plant, acts as the fundamental problem is that the "Photosynthetic", and the core requirement is" Seize the Light " heterotrophs in plant, acts as the fundamental problem is that the "Photosynthetic", and the core requirement is" Seize the Light ".
bacteria, including bacteria and fungi are heterotrophs, are decomposers, and they are from a plant (or animal) to obtain foodstuff, the foodstuff of the decomposition of organic and inorganic substances, in turn, supply the production plant feedstock bacteria, including bacteria and fungi are heterotrophs, are decomposers, and they are from a plant (or animal) to obtain foodstuff, the foodstuff of the decomposition of organic and inorganic substances, in turn, supply the production plant feedstock . fungus feeding feature is" absorbed", their life is at the core of the problem"catch surfaces (absorbing surface)" fungus feeding feature is" absorbed", their life is at the core of the problem"catch surfaces (absorbing surface)" .
animals are also heterotrophs, which are the nature of consumer animals are also heterotrophs, which are the nature of consumer . animal feeding way is" feeding ", their life activities is the core issue of the" prey "(with its opposite, avoiding scratching) animal feeding way is" feeding ", their life activities is the core issue of the" prey "(with its opposite, avoiding scratching) .
So plant evolution is adapted to" catch the light "of the struggle, the fungus is an evolutionary adaptation to the" face "of the struggle, animals evolved a" prey "of struggle So plant evolution is adapted to" catch the light "of the struggle, the fungus is an evolutionary adaptation to the" face "of the struggle, animals evolved a" prey "of struggle . three struggle to break free of predation in the struggle, the struggle for the feeding weight depend on the species, three species (or nutrition), determines the evolution of the three basic three struggle to break free of predation in the struggle, the struggle for the feeding weight depend on the species, three species (or nutrition), determines the evolution of the three basic .
according to the above fact, Sicien summarizes three conclusions: 1.Feeding the struggle with the struggle, the struggle, means a very wide range, including between organisms and biological and physical conditions of the complex relationship between three paths of evolution with facts, struggle is the struggle of contradiction, that "evolution is a plant, bacteria, three movable feeding route of the struggle," three paths of evolution with facts, struggle is the struggle of contradiction, that "evolution is a plant, bacteria, three movable feeding route of the struggle," .
This is its first conclusions This is its first conclusions . 2, route specific factors and factors of natural selection acting on two factors: the route factors and factors specific to 2, route specific factors and factors of natural selection acting on two factors: the route factors and factors specific to .
animal, based on the route of their prey, natural selection gradually leads to a "sensory nerve" movement of a complex organ system development,showed evolution in the direction of the course animal, based on the route of their prey, natural selection gradually leads to a "sensory nerve" movement of a complex organ system development,showed evolution in the direction of the course . but each species, according to which a certain level of the organism and ecological status, so it is adaptable to living conditions, in the way of the evolution of the specific direction but each species, according to which a certain level of the organism and ecological status, so it is adaptable to living conditions, in the way of the evolution of the specific direction .
so "natural selection acting on two factors," which is a second conclusion is this so "natural selection acting on two factors," which is a second conclusion is this . .
3, internal and external causes of variation and inheritance as a feature of life is the internal cause of evolution, natural selection as a variation of the ambient conditions on the test's 3, internal and external causes of variation and inheritance as a feature of life is the internal cause of evolution, natural selection as a variation of the ambient conditions on the test's . .
This is the general understanding of the three feeding route was previously unprecedented attention and rubber which, because of the course is determined in such a manner that the nutrition is the biological feature of itself, not the outside condition This is the general understanding of the three feeding route was previously unprecedented attention and rubber which, because of the course is determined in such a manner that the nutrition is the biological feature of itself, not the outside condition . .
This is its third conclusion in general,three routes which itself is the product of natural selection This is its third conclusion in general,three routes which itself is the product of natural selection .
Evolution Of The Three Stages Of Insects
insect phylogeny of the three most fundamental question is this: the origins of the class Insecta (insects) of origin, and insect wing of holometabolous insect origin and the origin of the insect phylogeny of the three most fundamental question is this: the origins of the class Insecta (insects) of origin, and insect wing of holometabolous insect origin and the origin of the . Sicien 1955 published "Insecta of history development", for the first time these questions dialectically, thoughtful and Sicien 1955 published "Insecta of history development", for the first time these questions dialectically, thoughtful and .
discussed his view that these three issues on behalf of insect evolution of three main stages, the historical stage of development before and after a succession of each other and the mutual association of discussed his view that these three issues on behalf of insect evolution of three main stages, the historical stage of development before and after a succession of each other and the mutual association of . Insecta origin lies in the fact that the body is obtained as an action center of the chest Insecta origin lies in the fact that the body is obtained as an action center of the chest .
insects are obtained after the action in the area, the entire body was divided into head, thorax, and insects are obtained after the action in the area, the entire body was divided into head, thorax, and. abdomen and chest as the action in the areas of continued development, resulting in the fins of the fin to the abdomen and chest as the action in the areas of continued development, resulting in the fins of the fin to the .
generated adult insect, the larvae between living conditions requirements pose a contradiction, since the fin organs to grow into adults only, and thus into larvae between, neither is the same as the constitution, actions, tools and activities in the ability to vary widely, and if under the same conditions of life, sometimes, the contradiction between the development of this contradiction, evolved into the larval development of differentiation, the origin of the generated adult insect, the larvae between living conditions requirements pose a contradiction, since the fin organs to grow into adults only, and thus into larvae between, neither is the same as the constitution, actions, tools and activities in the ability to vary widely, and if under the same conditions of life, sometimes, the contradiction between the development of this contradiction, evolved into the larval development of differentiation, the origin of the . holometabolous development holometabolous development.
Ten Breakthroughs Of Biological Evolution
Sicien put the life of the great innovation and breakthough, summarized as" biological evolution of Toys", appears as a huge breakthrough for the ten, namely: first, from organic to inorganic origin of life; on the other hand, from the non - cell to the cell the cell of origin; and thirdly, to autotrophic from heterotrophic ecosystems of algae and the formation of four, from anaerobic to aerobic energy metabolism is improved; fifth, from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells leading to the complexity of the mechanism; Six, from asexual to sexual variation mechanisms of development, from the poles to the triode plants, bacteria and fungi (fungi), animals, ecosystems; VIII.from unicellular to multicellular organisms complication; Nine, from water to land occupation Lu biological; ten, from ape to human labor to create the socio - cultural (Note: The original "Ten" titled "Labor created man", according to this modification opinions of the ante - mortem Sicien) (Note: The original "Ten" titled "Labor created man", according to this modification opinions of the ante - mortem Sicien) .
Insect Taxonomy Research Achievements
Sicien my life's study of insects, mainly including Coleoptera Chrysomeloidea as main objects, including the leaf beetles, flea beetles, Diorhabda rybakowi Weise, Xiao leaf beetle, wasps of leaf beetle, tortoise shells, et al., in terms of Diptera such as flies, lacewings, fly, gadfly, etc, also did a lot of research work He also relates to insect behavior, insect evolution, ancient insect, the boundary between two systems of biological classification, species problem, the principle of classification, evolution like He also relates to insect behavior, insect evolution, ancient insect, the boundary between two systems of biological classification, species problem, the principle of classification, evolution like .
in his lifetime, was published in the China, Japan and Southeast Asia are more than 700 new species of insect, belonging to more than 60 new in his lifetime, was published in the China, Japan and Southeast Asia are more than 700 new species of insect, belonging to more than 60 new . is home to crops and forests,fruit tree pests of is home to crops and forests,fruit tree pests of .
He of Systematics and Evolution and Taxonomy ", the General Assembly in the 1978 Science Award of CAS in 1978 and He of Systematics and Evolution and Taxonomy ", the General Assembly in the 1978 Science Award of CAS in 1978 and . Important Achievement in Science and Technology in 1985, he was editor - in - chief of" China: Insecta, Coleoptera, Hispidae ", including 4 subfamilies, 417 in 1926, awarded the National Prize for Natural Sciences in his Important Achievement in Science and Technology in 1985, he was editor - in - chief of" China: Insecta, Coleoptera, Hispidae ", including 4 subfamilies, 417 in 1926, awarded the National Prize for Natural Sciences in his .
" Chrysomeloidea of Evolution and Classification ", published in 1984 in Hamburg in the 17th International Congress of Entomology Conference (1) in the first international seminar on leaf beetle, obtained the researchers cite " Chrysomeloidea of Evolution and Classification ", published in 1984 in Hamburg in the 17th International Congress of Entomology Conference (1) in the first international seminar on leaf beetle, obtained the researchers cite . antemortem, time and again he's going on around the students lovingly says,are the two basic reasons for him to reach a level of study now antemortem, time and again he's going on around the students lovingly says,are the two basic reasons for him to reach a level of study now .
, After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he learned the dialectical materialism, dialectical materialism scientific research experience to serve as the dominant ideology, can improve thinking ability, helps find problems and analyzing issues three , After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he learned the dialectical materialism, dialectical materialism scientific research experience to serve as the dominant ideology, can improve thinking ability, helps find problems and analyzing issues three . .
he learned the (a) the law of the unity of opposites is the theoretical thinking of the dominant ideas development he learned the (a) the law of the unity of opposites is the theoretical thinking of the dominant ideas development . is the struggle of opposites, or explore the basic concepts involved in the antithesis of the analysis, we understand, expose the nature of dialectical development process is the struggle of opposites, or explore the basic concepts involved in the antithesis of the analysis, we understand, expose the nature of dialectical development process .
he thought theory thinking is the soul of he thought theory thinking is the soul of . (2), and thinking,the principal contradiction in the scientific research is the key to (2), and thinking,the principal contradiction in the scientific research is the key to .
and contradictions in the course of events should be seized in its main links, is a central idea, outlined a comprehensive and clear lines, and contradictions in the course of events should be seized in its main links, is a central idea, outlined a comprehensive and clear lines, . (3) historical analysis is to be noted that the development of systematics and evolution of a spatio - temporal relation of (3) historical analysis is to be noted that the development of systematics and evolution of a spatio - temporal relation of .
is a historical summary for each species or species in the process of the history in both the two status, on time and space in the genealogies of the status of ecological status is a historical summary for each species or species in the process of the history in both the two status, on time and space in the genealogies of the status of ecological status . genealogical position. Second is the inheritance of the ecological status are interrelated
modern classification of eukaryotic organisms classified as plants, fungi, and animal realms,which showed up in the middle - lower reaches of this temporal and spatial relationships in his modern classification of eukaryotic organisms classified as plants, fungi, and animal realms,which showed up in the middle - lower reaches of this temporal and spatial relationships in his . theory, and evolutionary history of man's work, always pay attention to this temporal and spatial perspective, and strived to carry theory, and evolutionary history of man's work, always pay attention to this temporal and spatial perspective, and strived to carry .
II, in the early 1950s, Soviet biology for Lysenko's" in the science of biological species and uncover new ways", the species has been discussed in the comments was II, in the early 1950s, Soviet biology for Lysenko's" in the science of biological species and uncover new ways", the species has been discussed in the comments was . Lysenko's biology domination on the part of its new insights already in our country and was widely spread Lysenko's biology domination on the part of its new insights already in our country and was widely spread .
Soviet academic controversy has generated enormous interest Sicien too low to start to pay attention to the species study Soviet academic controversy has generated enormous interest Sicien too low to start to pay attention to the species study . August 1956,Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Higher Education in Qingdao and jointly held the genetics symposium at the meeting were very lively debate August 1956,Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Higher Education in Qingdao and jointly held the genetics symposium at the meeting were very lively debate .
. Sicien forum under the entrustment of the company gives" species problem "of the statement, criticized the Lysenko" species in which there is no struggle, "anti - Darwinian argument Sicien forum under the entrustment of the company gives" species problem "of the statement, criticized the Lysenko" species in which there is no struggle, "anti - Darwinian argument .
It is the very species on the issue of the first system It is the very species on the issue of the first system . report led to the symposium, and thereafter participated in other academic seminars, he realized," Colloquium, especially with regard to the opinion of the controversy, the most inspired idea, put forward problems report led to the symposium, and thereafter participated in other academic seminars, he realized," Colloquium, especially with regard to the opinion of the controversy, the most inspired idea, put forward problems .
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Social Assessment
Sicien Chen Yun was dedicating life Sicien Chen Yun was dedicating life . since the founding of the People's Republic of China, he overpays for the passion and sense of mission, under the leadership of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Entomology, Academia Sinica, Institute of Zoology of the repair and construction of his since the founding of the People's Republic of China, he overpays for the passion and sense of mission, under the leadership of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Entomology, Academia Sinica, Institute of Zoology of the repair and construction of his .
theory study and economical construction, the principle of combining the long - term goal and task, according to four levels: the population level, individual level, cellular level, molecular level requirements in the laboratory, the selection of academic leaders, research projects, the development of scientific research team theory study and economical construction, the principle of combining the long - term goal and task, according to four levels: the population level, individual level, cellular level, molecular level requirements in the laboratory, the selection of academic leaders, research projects, the development of scientific research team . emphasized the development of biology and physics, chemistry and other disciplines of mutual penetration and promotion emphasized the development of biology and physics, chemistry and other disciplines of mutual penetration and promotion .
30 years, the institute of entomology,Institute of development and prosperity, he joined 30 years, the institute of entomology,Institute of development and prosperity, he joined . Sicien he selected the professional relations, and persistent, even in the face of adversity, the king of Judah, with my sincere heart, don't forget Sicien he selected the professional relations, and persistent, even in the face of adversity, the king of Judah, with my sincere heart, don't forget .
He's still in the "cultural revolution" persecuted during the period of time bearing in mind the need to adhere to survive, he said: "The Cultural Revolution is a cultural catastrophe, many other figures in this catastrophe in annihilation!I did not fall, the Han Dynasty scholar Sima Qian Sima Qian gave me to carry on the struggle of courage He's still in the "cultural revolution" persecuted during the period of time bearing in mind the need to adhere to survive, he said: "The Cultural Revolution is a cultural catastrophe, many other figures in this catastrophe in annihilation!I did not fall, the Han Dynasty scholar Sima Qian Sima Qian gave me to carry on the struggle of courage . I often quietly reciting his famous word: So forbearance and to live in, the letter among the corpses, and it does not turn, hate something selfish, vulgar and literary talent is not in the table after also '" I often quietly reciting his famous word: So forbearance and to live in, the letter among the corpses, and it does not turn, hate something selfish, vulgar and literary talent is not in the table after also '".
restored after 20 years of work, he selflessly, dialectical materialism - dominated, and finally in the theory of evolution and taxonomy of theoretical study is presented in this paper a theory of evolutionary taxonomy, reached a new level, has contributed considerably to the restored after 20 years of work, he selflessly, dialectical materialism - dominated, and finally in the theory of evolution and taxonomy of theoretical study is presented in this paper a theory of evolutionary taxonomy, reached a new level, has contributed considerably to the . Nkrumah professor YANG Chi - kun in Sicien wrote" It's a farewell ceremony on the elegiac couplet,serves as the theoretical contribution of Nkrumah professor YANG Chi - kun in Sicien wrote" It's a farewell ceremony on the elegiac couplet,serves as the theoretical contribution of .
Sicien portrayal of life from scratch, from ape to man and the development of the biological history of the ten events in history as a species becomes unchanged plesiomorphies Xinzheng evolutionary taxonomy two exciting scientific argument Sicien portrayal of life from scratch, from ape to man and the development of the biological history of the ten events in history as a species becomes unchanged plesiomorphies Xinzheng evolutionary taxonomy two exciting scientific argument.
International Acclaim
Sicien engaged himself in the leaf beetle family of biological taxonomy and systematics of theory study, enjoys high prestige both at home and abroad, has repeatedly been listed as Britain, Australia and other countries of the World and Who's who in various domestic Sicien engaged himself in the leaf beetle family of biological taxonomy and systematics of theory study, enjoys high prestige both at home and abroad, has repeatedly been listed as Britain, Australia and other countries of the World and Who's who in various domestic .
