結構
英語被動語態的構成通常是：“be+done”。但“get+done”也可以構成被動語態，用這種結構的句子側重於動作的結果而不是動作本身。如： The man got hurt on his way home. 那個男人在回家的路上受傷了。 How did the glass get broken? 杯子怎么破了？
例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 中文Chinese是動詞speak的承受者。被例如中文常說：我被他打，這就是一種被動。但有時由於句子結構上的需要也要用被動，例如It is not unusual for workers in that region to be paid more than a month it 在句中作形式主語。而不定式to be paid more than a month是句子的邏輯主語。結合選項全句的意思是：“那個地方的工人一個多月後才得到工資是常有的事”。
語法要點
當主動語態要被改成被動的時候，我們把原句的賓語提前，作為該句的主語，主語後置，作為賓語。因此有一點要注意，不及物動詞由於不加賓語，沒有被動形式，但不及物動詞如果與某些介詞構成介詞短語，可以用被動。例如The fire had been put out before the fireman arrived. Put在此處是不及物動詞，但put out是及物動詞。
| TENSE | 主動語態 | 被動語態 |
| 一般現在時 | be+V.\V.s | am\is\are+(p.p) |
| 一般將來時 | will\be going to | will be +(p.p) |
| 現在進行時 | am\is\are+V.ing | am\is\are+being+(p.p) |
| 一般過去時 | ①was\were②V.ed | was\were+(p.p) |
| 現在完成時 | have\has+V.p.p | have\has+been+(p.p) |
| 過去完成時 | had+V.p.p | had+been+(p.p) |
| 過去進行時 | was\were+V.ing | was\were+being+(p.p) |
| 情態動詞 | 情態動詞+V. | 情態動詞+be+(p.p) |
句型概述
①（，一般將來時）：am, is, are, was, were, is going to be , will be+done . 例如： Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the system to recover. 本句的意思是：“環境一旦遭到破壞，需要多年時間才能恢復過來。”do作為及物動詞有“引起，產生”的含義，do damage的意思是“造成破壞”。主語damage是及物動詞do的動作對象，謂語應當用被動語態。
④ 其他時態以此類推，可得到結果。
⑤情態動詞的被動語態：主語 + 情態動詞 + be動詞 + 動詞過去分詞，例如Your teeth must be brushed.
⑥不定式的被動語態：to be done例：The no-shows have to be considered when deciding the rate of overbooking.（確定超過接待能力的預定時必須考慮預定了房間卻來不了的客人。
特殊情況
① 有些動詞在主動結構中，後面接不帶to的不定式，但如果改為被動，則需把省略的to加上，這類動詞有 [let, make, have,help]和感官動詞[feel,see,hear,watch,look at,listen to]，如：The boss made my grandfather work 10hours a day.改成My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day.
② 含有賓語從句的主動結構變為被動，通常用it作為被動結構的先行主語，從句放在句子後面/也可採用另一種形式，這類動詞有：know, say, believe, find, think, report等
③ 不是所有的主動句都可以變換成被動句，更不是所有的被動句都可以自由變換成主動句。雖然語法原則上允許主動和被動句的互相轉換，但有的句子轉換後會變成不通順或不地道的英語句子。因此，在某些題目里，這也成為判斷應該用主動還是用被動的依據。
例：At 5:05 p.m. on Saturday 19th July , there was an accident at the junction of the Main Street and Panda Road when a boy was knocked down off his bicycle by a delivery van. The boy was sent to St. Maria Hospital where he was treated for shock and a broken arm.
在這段文章里，a boy was knocked down off his bicycle by a delivery van這句被動句強調出讀到文章的人最關心的事故的受害者。The boy was sent to St. Maria Hospital這句話則說明了孩子被送到醫院的事實，至於是由誰（某個過路人？或肇事司機？）送的不重要。he was treated for shock and a broken arm這句被動句無須說出treat這個動作的發出者，因為在醫院，傷病員自然由醫務人員處理，無須囉嗦。這樣，這段文章就重點突出，條理清楚了。
④ 有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用於被動結構時，可以把主動結構中的一個賓語變為主語，另一個賓語仍然保留在謂語後面。多是把間接賓語變為主語。這樣句子自然些。直接賓語變為主語時，間接賓語要變為某個介詞的賓語，介詞to可以省略。如His father left him this house.改為This house was left (to) him by his father.
⑤ 有些動詞雖為及物，但賓語並非是動作承受者，不能轉換，這些動詞有have, hold（容納）,suit, fit, lack, become（適合）contain, cost, last, mean, suffice（足夠）等。
⑥ 當直接賓語為反身代詞、相互代詞或賓語前有指代主語的物主代詞時不用被動，如I shook my head.我搖搖頭。
⑦ 當賓語為同源賓語（與主句指同一人），動名詞，動詞不定式或一個從句時不用被動。如John enjoyed seeing the fil,.
⑧ 在一些固定說法中，有些名詞和動詞結合的固定說法，不能改We Chinese always keep our word.
⑨ 某些從不及物動詞轉化來的及物動詞，直接賓語在表示動作的方式或效果時，這些動詞在意思上起狀語的作用，沒有被動The girl kissed her boyfriend good night=The girl said good night to her boyfriend by kissing him.(這個女孩說了晚安並且親了他的男朋友）
⑩ 表地點\處所\組織\長度\大小\數量\程度\抽象名詞的詞做賓語時不用被動.
⑪ 某些“不及物動詞+介詞”短語walk into, listen to, sleep in, agree with, shake hands with, belong to, take part in, keep up with不能用被動。
⑫ 某些詞用主動表被動：sell, miss, build, grow, smell, taste, sound, feel等
時態
1.一般現在時的被動語態構成：is / am / are + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Our classroom is cleaned everyday.
I am asked to study hard.
Knives are used for cutting things.
2.一般過去時的被動語態構成：was / were + 及物動詞的過去分詞
A new shop was built last year.
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
3.現在完成時的被動語態構成：has / have + been +及物動詞的過去分詞
This book has been translated into many languages.
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
4.一般將來時的被動語態構成：will/shall+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
A new hospital will be built in our city.
Many more trees will be planted next year.
5.含有情態動詞的被動語態構成：情態動詞+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
Young trees must be watered often.
Your mistakes should be corrected right now.
The door may be locked inside.
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
6.現在進行時的被動語態構成：am / is / are + being +及物動詞的過去分詞
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
They are planting trees over there. →
Trees are being planted over there by them.
7.不定式的被動語態：to + be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
There are two books to be read. →
There are twenty more trees to be planted.
8.過去將來時的被動語態：would /should+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞
He said he would finish the work soon.
He said the work would be finished soon by him.
變換規則
把主動語態改為被動語態非常簡單，可以遵循以下幾個步驟：
1. 先找出謂語動詞；
2. 再找出謂語動詞後的賓語；
3. 把賓語用作被動語態中的主語；
4. 注意人稱、時態和數的變化。
例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week.
2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.
3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far.
4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.
5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now.
6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave.
新興形式
Get+過去分詞也可以構成被動語態，用這種結構的句子側重於動作的結果而不是動作本身。如： The man got hurt on his way home. 那個男人在回家的路上受傷了。 How did the glass get broken? 杯子怎么破了？
著名學者周海中教授在論文《Get-Passive研究》中指出：Get+過去分詞的被動語態是一種新興的被動語態形式；相對來說它的使用還沒有Be+過去分詞構成的被動語態那么廣泛，一般限於口語和非正式書面語；但它卻有著用得愈來愈多的趨勢，是一種生氣蓬勃的語言現象。
