美國斯克利普斯研究所

座落於美國美麗海濱城市聖迭戈的美國斯克利普斯研究所(TheScrippsResearchInstitute,TSRI)一直是位居美國前10名的生物醫學研究所,也是美國最大的非贏利性質的研究

TSRI
TSRI

所,在目前擁有的3000名科學家和員工中,有270位教授,約800名博士後科研人員和1500名技術輔助科研人員,外加120多名博士生,在美國頂級生命科學研究生教育機構中,它和加州大學舊金山分校,耶魯大學及華盛頓大學(聖路易斯)並列第七名。在化學研究生教育機構中,斯克利普斯研究所排名第六名,緊跟在哈佛大學的後面,所以研究水平相當強。斯克利普斯研究所僅為新藥開發從各個渠道接受多達8000萬美元的研究經費。

斯克里普斯研究所TheScrippsResearchInstitute(TSRI),是美國最大的,私立非營利性研究機構,始終站生物醫學科學的最前沿。在短短的三個十年,研究所建立了長期的跟蹤記錄了,並為改善人類的衛生狀況作出了重大貢獻。
斯克里普斯研究所TheScrippsResearchInstitute(TSRI)已經成為國際上所公認的,其基礎研究含蓋免疫學,分子和細胞生物學,化學,神經科學,自身免疫性疾病,心血管病學,病毒學和合成疫苗的發展。特別重要的是,在生物分子基本結構和生物分子設計方面,斯克里普斯研究所TheScrippsResearchInstitute(TSRI)是其中極少數世界領先的中心。
斯克里普斯研究所TheScrippsResearchInstitute(TSRI)強調建立基本的認識,在生物科學領域,為套用的醫療和物資的發現;追求基本的科學進步,通過跨學科的項目和合作,以及教育和培訓研究人員準備,以滿足科技革命的挑戰對下一世紀。
斯克利普斯研究所由著名慈善家EllenBrowningScripps創辦於1924年。斯克利普斯研究所創辦除期以免疫性疾病為重點。1977年斯克利普斯研究機構擁有臨床研究和基礎研究兩部分,1991年開始臨床部分獨立出去,成為加州最好的臨床醫院之一。斯克利普斯研究所從1980年開始招收博士研究生,所以研究所的網址是:www.scripps.edu而不像許多非贏利性的研究所是xxx.org。
斯克利普斯研究所研究陣容十分強大,所里的許多教授和研究員都是大牛級的人物,擁有三位諾貝爾獎級的人物神經學家GeraldEdelman博士,發明核磁共振的生物物理學家KurtWuthrich博士和2001年的化學獎獲得者BarrySharpless博士。研究所還擁有19名美國科學院士,16名醫學院士和16名科學藝術院士。研究所的研究方向也非常廣泛,包括生物醫學的各個方面,但是斯克利普斯研究所以免疫學,化學和實驗生物學見長,目前斯克利普斯研究所擁有14個系,8個研究中心(所)跟加州,佛羅里達州兩個所區,兩所去都座落在美麗的海岸城市,外加宜人的氣候,倚麗的南國風光,是很多科學家們心倚的學術殿堂。
研究所的(系科)
腫瘤生物學CancerBiology
細胞生物學CellBiology
化學生理學ChemicalPhysiology
化學Chemistry
神經成癮性疾病CommitteeontheNeurobiologyofaddictiveDisorders
遺傳學Genetics
免疫學和微升物學ImmunologyandMicrobialScience
病原學Infectology
分子生物學MolecularBiology
分子和實驗醫學MolecularandExperimentalMedicine
分子和整合神經學MolecularandIntegrativeNeurosciences
分子治療學MolecularTherapeutics
神經生物學Neurobiology
科技轉化研究所TranslationalResearchInstitute
研究中心和項目
綜合分子生物學中心CenterforIntegrativeMolecularBiosciences(CIMBio)
翰銳多然神經研究所HaroldL.DorrisNeurologicalResearchInstitute
海倫多然兒童發育神經精神疾病研究所HelenL.DorrisChild&AdolescentNeuro-psychiatricDisorderInstitute
兒童期和被忽視的疾病研究所InstituteforChildhoodandNeglectedDiseases
皮爾森酒精和成癮研究中心PearsonCenterforAlcoholandAddictionResearch
斯克利普斯套用科學研究所ScrippsTranslationalScienceInstitute
斯卡格化學生物學研究所TheSkaggsInstituteforChemicalBiology
醫學蠕蟲研究所TheWormInstituteforResearchandMedicine(WIRM)
斯克利普斯研究所近些年的主要科學研究成果
發現了抑制腦腫瘤血管生長因子和眼科疾病的新血管生長因子;在小鼠上發現了減低核心體溫而使壽命竲加20%的分子機制;研發了調控神經退行性疾病像福氏共濟失調症的藥物;研製出了抗肥胖疫苗;在幹細胞研究方面發現了控制胚胎幹細胞命運的小分子合成物,使幹細胞能夠轉化成為心肌細胞,為心臟再生提供了新的制療前景。特別一提的是研發出一種全新的製備疾病作戰蛋白的方法,這種制療性單克隆抗體的功效比經典的藥效提高了上千倍,等等。。。
斯克利普斯研究所的成功之處很值得深思,從一個60年代還是個默默無聞的小研究所如今變成了全美最大的生命科學研究所,並集臨床,教學(培養博士和訓練博士後),再到2011年即將開學的Scripps醫學院,第一次在美國引入了以碩士學位為起點的醫學院學生教育體制,必將在美國的高質量醫生培養上獨樹一旗,寫下歷史的記錄。
斯克利普斯研究所地處美國東西兩岸最美的海濱城市-聖迭戈和佛洛里達州的舟皮特市(Jupiter,位於佛州最美的海岸棕櫚樹縣),怡人的氣候,美麗的城市自然是吸人科技人才的有利因素,良好的科研環境更是科技發達的必要條件,在南加州聖迭戈市的所區旁邊,還擁有著名的加州大學聖迭戈分校(UCSD)和索克(Salk)生物科學研究所,這些科研院校都是60年代後開始高速發展起來的,他們和Scripps一起,將南加州的生命科學帶領到美國的前沿,今天的聖迭戈是已是全美5大生物高科技科技園區之一,除Scripps,UCSD和Salk這些科研機構外,還有200家生物科技公司。作為聖迭戈最有名的研究所Scripps研究所今後的科研會更上一層樓的。
AboutTSRI
Introduction
TheScrippsResearchInstitute,oneofthecountry''slargest,private,non-profitresearchorganizations,hasalwaysstoodattheforefrontofbasicbiomedicalscience,avitalsegmentofmedicalresearchthatseekstocomprehendthemostfundamentalprocessesoflife.InjustthreedecadestheInstitutehasestablishedalengthytrackrecordofmajorcontributionstothebettermentofhealthandthehumancondition.
TheInstitutehasbecomeinternationallyrecognizedforitsbasicresearchintoimmunology,molecularandcellularbiology,chemistry,neurosciences,autoimmunediseases,cardiovasculardiseases,virologyandsyntheticvaccinedevelopment.ParticularlysignificantistheInstitute''sstudyofthebasicstructureanddesignofbiologicalmolecules;inthisarenaTSRIisamongahandfuloftheworld''sleadingcenters.
ThephilosophyofTheScrippsResearchInstituteemphasizesthecreationofbasicknowledgeinthebiosciencesfortheapplicationofmedicalandmaterialdiscoveries;thepursuitoffundamentalscientificadvancesthroughinterdisciplinaryprogramsandCollaborations,andtheeducationandtrainingofresearcherspreparingtomeetthescientificchallengesofthenextcentury.
ThebulkoftheInstitute''sfundingisderivedfromtheNationalInstitutesofHealthandotherfederalagencies.Intoday''senvironmentofincreasingcompetitionforshrinkingfederaldollars,however,collaborativeindustrialpartnershipswithleadingpharmaceuticalcompaniesprovideadditionalfundinginseveralareaskeytotheorganization''sresearchobjectives.
ScrippsResearch''sfacilitiesarelocatedinLajolla,California,andJupiter,Florida.InLaJolla,ScrippsResearchoperatesmorethan1millionsquarefeetoflaboratoryspace.Thecampusspansapproximately35acresoflandofwhich14.7areownedbytheinstitute.LocatedincloseproximitytotheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,thecampusissituatedwitheasyaccesstoSanDiego''sscientificcommunity,whichincludesTheSalkInstituteandtheBurnhamInstitute,aswellasaconcentrationofsome300biotechnologycompanies.InJupiter,ScrippsResearchoperatesa350,000-square-footfacilityconsistingofthreebuildingscompletedinearly2009.AdjacenttoFloridaAtlanticUniversityandthefuturehomeofabranchoftheMaxPlankInstitute,thenewScrippsFloridacampusisalreadybecomingthefocusofanemergingclusterofbiotechnologyandpharmaceuticalfirmsthatwillserveasaneconomicenginefortheregion.
TheInstituteenjoysoneoftheworld''sleadingprivatecomputationalfacilitieswithanarrayofcomputers,includingLINUXhigh-performancecomputingclusters.ResearchisfurthersupportedbyX-raycrystallographylaboratories,highperformanceNMRspectrometryincludingastate-of-the-art900MHzinstrument,electronmicroscopy,opticalspectroscopy,aDNAsequencinglaboratoryandafluorescenceactivatedcellsortingfacility.ThecenterpiecetechnologyatScrippsFloridaisa$10millionhighthroughputscreeningroboticssystem,whichisusedbyresearchersonbothcampusesandsharedbyresearchinstitutionsthroughouttheStateofFlorida.
Ratherthanisolatingfacultymembersandlaboratoriesintoseparateanddistinctdisciplines,asisgenerallytheprescribeduniversitymodel,thecooperative,collaborativespiritisencouragedandembraced.Whilethelevelofscientificinvestigationisintense,theatmosphereiscollegial,relaxedandinformal.Technicians,postdoctoralfellowsandadministrativesupportstaffallareconsideredpartoftheteamandaregiventhelatitudeandresponsibilitytoaccomplishtheirtaskssoastoservethebestinterestsofscience.Thepursuitofscientificexcellenceisparamountandalleffortsaredirectedtowardthatend.
TSRI''sadherencetothehighestscientificstandards,emphasisonamultidisciplinaryapproachtoproblemsolving,philosophytowardtheperpetuationofknowledgethrougheducationandreputationforresearchexcellenceprovideanunparalleledscientificenvironment.
History
WhileitsrootsgobacktothefoundingoftheScrippsMetabolicClinicin1924byphilanthropistEllenBrowningScripps,TheScrippsResearchInstitute''smodernbeginningsdatetothe1946establishmentofScrippsClinicandResearchFoundation,whenamajorportionoftheClinic''slimitedreserveswerecommittedtotheconstructionofanewresearchfacilityandtotherecruitmentoftopbiomedicalscientists.
In1961,theinstitutionrecruitedpioneeringimmunologistFrankDixonandfourofhiscolleaguesfromtheUniversityofPittsburgh,researcherswhowerethencontributinginsightfulobservationsonthecausesandprogressionofautoimmunedisease,toestablishaDepartmentofExperimentalPathologyinLaJolla.
Theirworkattractedothersandtheresearchprogramflourishedanddiversifiedintobiochemistryandmicrobiology,virology,studiesofbloodCoagulation,andcancerresearch.Fromtheoutset,theguidingphilosophywasclinicalandbasicinvestigationsofthepathogenesisofhumandisease.
In1977themultipleresearchprogramsthathaddevelopedwereformallydrawntogetherintotheResearchInstituteofScrippsClinic,asithadcometobenamed,andbythemid-1980slaboratoryspacehadgrowntosome300,000squarefeet.Majorprogramsincellandmolecularbiologyandsyntheticandbioorganicchemistryhaddeveloped,inadditiontoeffortsinimmunologyandclinicallyorientedinvestigations.TheDepartmentofNeurobiologywasestablishedattheInstituteinthe1992.
Asthefacultyrosterhasgrown,sonaturallyhasthefocusandnumberofareasofresearch.Today,TSRIscientistsareactivelyinvestigatingbiologicalandchemicalaspectsofmorethan40diseases,includingAIDS,alcoholism,allergy,Alzheimer''sdisease,cancer,dementia,depression,diabetes,geneticdiseases,hepatitis,infectiousdiseases,multiplesclerosis,renaldisease,scleroderma,Sjogren''ssyndrome,sleepdisorders,anddiseasesinvolvingneuralandmusculardegeneration.
Amongotherareasofresearchthatcrossspecificdiseaselinesarethosethatinvolvenumerousinvestigationsintothestructureandfunctionofproteins;biocatalysisandproteindesign;thefactors,processesandregulationofinflammation;andtheformandworkingofanimalandplantcells.Allinall,thequality,scopeanddepthofthescienceconductedattheInstituteenableittoberankedamongthefinestscientificresearchorganizationsintheworld.
In1991,whenScrippsClinicandResearchFoundationandScrippsMemorialHospitalsreaffiliated,theResearchInstitutebecameaseparatecorporationundertheparentorganization,ScrippsInstitutionsofMedicineandScience.WiththatchangeitsnamebecameTheScrippsResearchInstitute,anamethatwilllikelybeassociatedwithsomeofthegreatestbiomedicaladvancesofthedecadesahead.
Inlate2003,TheScrippsResearchInstitutetookadramaticstepinannouncingtheestablishmentofamajorsciencecenterinPalmBeachCounty,Florida,focusingonbiomedicalresearch,technologydevelopmentanddrugdesign.FundingforthenewcampusandinitialstaffingisbeingsupportedbytheStateofFloridaviaeconomicdevelopmentfundsaswellaslocalgovernment.MonthsofintensivediscussionswithFloridaGovernorJebBushandstateandlocalofficialsculminatedinthelargescaleagreementbetweenScrippsResearchandtheStateofFlorida.Thesynergybetweenthefacultiesandresearchconductedatbothfacilitiesisexpectedtoleadtosignificantnewdevelopmentstoimprovehumanhealth.

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