基本信息
有14處世界遺產波蘭(1自然和13文化)。 前兩個網站是刻在1978年世界遺產名錄。 三個網站,Belovezhskaya Pushcha / Białowieża森林,木製Tserkvas喀爾巴阡山脈的地區在波蘭和烏克蘭和Mużakowski Muskauer公園/公園與周邊國家共享(白俄羅斯、烏克蘭和德國分別)。 波蘭也有四個地方進入了預備名單。
列表介紹
| Name | Image | Location | Date | UNESCO data | Description |
| Historic Centre of Kraków | Kraków 50.067°N 19.96°E | 11th–19th century | 29; 1978; iv | Kraków Old Town is the historic central district ofKraków,Poland.It is one of the most famous old districts in Poland today and was the center of Poland's political life from 1038 until KingSigismund III Vasarelocated his court toWarsawin 1596. The entire medieval old town is among the first sites chosen for the UNESCO's World Heritage List, inscribed as Cracow's Historic Centre. | |
| WieliczkaandBochniaRoyal Salt Mines | Wieliczka 49.979167°N 20.063889°E | 13th-20th century | 32; 1978; iv | The Wieliczka Salt Mine, located in the town ofWieliczkain southern Poland, lies within theKrakówmetropolitan area. Theminecontinuously producedtable saltfrom the 13th century until 2007 as one of the world's oldest operatingsalt mines, for most of this time span being a part of the undertakingżupy krakowskie. It is believed to be the world's 14th-oldestcompany. | |
| Auschwitz Birkenau, German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940–1945) | Oświęcim 50.035833°N 19.178333°E | 1940-1945 | 31; 1979; vi | Auschwitz was a network of Naziconcentrationandextermination campsbuilt and operated by theThird ReichinPolish areas annexed by Nazi GermanyduringWorld War II. It was the largest of the German concentration camps, consisting of Auschwitz I (theStammlageror base camp); Auschwitz II–Birkenau (theVernichtungslagerorextermination camp);Auschwitz III–Monowitz, also known as Buna–Monowitz (a labor camp); and 45 satellite camps. | |
| Białowieza Forest | Belarus and Poland 52.666667°N 23.833333°E | N/A | 33; 1979; vii | The Białowieża Forest is anancient woodlandstraddling the border between the two countries, located 70km (43mi) north ofBrest(Belarus) and 62km (39mi) south-east ofBiałystok(Poland). It is one of the last and largest remaining parts of the immenseprimeval forestwhich once spread across theEuropean Plain. The first recorded piece of legislation on the protection of the forest dates to 1538, when a document issued by KingSigismund I the Oldinstituted the death penalty for poaching awisent(European bison). | |
| Historic Centre of Warsaw | Warsaw 52.2498°N 21.0122°E | 13th–20th century | 30; 1980; ii, vi | Warsaw's Old Town was established in the 13th century. Initially surrounded by an earthwork rampart, prior to 1339 it was fortified with brickcity walls. The town originally grew up around the castle of theDukes of Mazoviathat later became theRoyal Castle. The Market Square (Rynek Starego Miasta) was laid out sometime in the late 13th or early 14th century, along the main road linking the castle with theNew Townto the north. | |
| Old City of Zamość | Zamość 50.720556°N 23.258611°E | 1582–17th century | 564; 1992; iv | Jan Zamoyskicommissioned the Italian architectBernardo Morandoto design the city that would be based on the anthropomorphic concept. The main distinguishing features of the Old Town have been well preserved since its establishment. It includes the regular Great Market Square of 100 x 100 meters with the splendid Townhall and so-called Armenian houses, as well as the fragments of the original fortress and fortifications, including those from the period of the Russian occupation in the 19th century. | |
| Castle of the Teutonic Order in Malbork | Malbork 54.039722°N 19.027778°E | 13th-14th century | 847; 1997; ii, iii, iv | The Castle in Malbork is the largest castle in the world by area.It was built in Prussia by theTeutonic Knights, aGermanRomanCatholic religious orderofcrusaders, in a form of anOrdensburgfortress. The Order named itMarienburg(Mary's Castle). The town which grew around it was also named Marienburg. Thecastleis a classic example of a medievalfortress, and on its completion in 1406 was the world's largestbrick Gothiccastle. | |
| Medieval Town of Toruń | Toruń 53.033333°N 18.616667°E | 12th–15th century | 835; 1997; ii, iv | Toruń has many monuments of architecture beginning from theMiddle Ages, including 200 military structures. The city is famous for having preserved almost intact its medieval spatial layout and many Gothic buildings, all built frombrick, including monumental churches, the Town Hall and many burgher houses. In 1236, due to frequent flooding,the city was relocated to the present site of the Old Town. In 1264 the nearby New Town was founded. In 1280, the city (or as it was then, both cities) joined the mercantileHanseatic League, and thus became an important medieval trade centre. | |
| Kalwaria Zebrzydowska: the Mannerist Architectural and Park Landscape Complex and Pilgrimage Park | Kalwaria Zebrzydowska 49.860319°N 19.670719°E | 1605-1632 | 905; 1999; ii, iv | The town is named after the religious complex (calvary) founded by Governor of KrakówMikołaj Zebrzydowskion December 1, 1602. The complex is known as theKalwaria Zebrzydowska park. The city of Zebrzydów was established in 1617 in order to house the growing number of pilgrims visiting the religious complex. | |
| Churches of Peace in Jawor and Swidnica | Jawor,Świdnica 51.054°N 16.196°E | 1654-1657 | 1054; 2001; iii, iv, vi | The Churches of Peace inJaworandŚwidnicainSilesiawere named after thePeace of Westphaliaof 1648 which permitted theLutheransin the Roman Catholic parts ofSilesiato build threeEvangelicalchurches from wood, loam and straw outside the city walls, without steeples and church bells. The construction time was limited to one year. | |
| Wooden Churches of Southern Lesser Poland | Lesser Poland Voivodeship 49.859444°N 20.274722°E | 15th-18th century | 1053; 2003; iii, iv | The wooden church style of the region originated in the lateMedieval, the late sixteenth century, and began withGothicornament andpolychromedetail, but because they were timber construction, the structure, general form, and feeling is entirely different from the gothic architecture orPolish Gothic(in stone or brick). | |
| Muskauer Park / Park Mużakowski | Germany and Poland 51.550278°N 14.726667°E | 1815-1844 | 1127; 2004; i, iv | The Muskau Park is the largest and one of the most famousEnglish gardensofGermanyand Poland. Situated in the historicUpper Lusatiaregion, it covers 3.5 square kilometers (1.4sqmi) of land in Poland and 2.1km(0.81sqmi) in Germany. UNESCO added the park to its World Heritage List, as anexemplary example of cross-border cultural collaboration between Poland and Germany. | |
| Centennial Hall | Wrocław 51.107222°N 17.076944°E | 1911-1913 | 1165; 2006; i, ii, iv | The Centennial Hall (formerly People's Hall) is a historic building in Wrocław. It was constructed according to the plans of architectMax Bergin 1911–1913, when the city was part of theGerman Empire. As an early landmark ofreinforced concretearchitecture, it was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. | |
| Wooden Tserkvas of Carpathian Region in Poland and Ukraine | (Brunary,Chotyniec,Kwiatoń,Owczary,Powroźnik,RadrużSmolnik,Turzańsk) Poland and Ukraine | 16th - 19th century | 1424; 2013; iii, iv | Situated in the eastern fringe of Central Europe, the transnational property numbers a selection of 16 tserkvas, churches, built of horizontal wooden logs between the 16th and 19th centuries by communities of the Eastern Orthodox and Greek Catholic faiths. They represent the cultural expression of four ethnographic groups and the formal, decorative and technical characteristics they developed over time. The tserkvas bear testimony to a distinct building tradition rooted in Orthodox ecclesiastic design interwoven with elements of local tradition, and symbolic references to their communities’ cosmogony. The tserkvas are built on a tri-partite plan surmounted by open quadrilateral or octagonal domes and cupolas. They feature wooden bell towers, iconostasis screens, and interior polychrome decorations as well as churchyards, gatehouses and graveyards. |
