新編語言學導論

內容介紹

文秋芳、衡仁權編著的《新編語言學導論》全書分為三部分。第一部
分語言體系（Language system），第二部分語言運用（Language use），
第三部分語言學習（Language learning）。全書用英文撰寫，行文流暢。
簡明易懂，概念明確，例證豐富。每個章節後面附有總結（Summary）、學
習建議（Suggestions for study）、練習（Questions and exercises）
與小型研究課題（Mini—research project），便於教師組織教學，也方
便讀者自學。《新編語言學導論》可作為英語專業本科學生的教材，也可
作為碩士研究生的輔助讀本。

作者介紹

文秋芳：北京外國語大學中國外語教育研究中心主任，教授，博士生導師，中國英語教學研究會會長。1985年獲印度孟買大學碩士學位，1993年獲香港大學博士學位；曾在南京師範大學和南京大學任教。研究領域為套用語言學，研究興趣包括二語習得、學習策略、口語測試、語料庫研究等。
衡仁權，蘇州大學副教授、碩士生導師、博士。近年來在《外語教學與研究》、《外語界》等刊物發表論文多篇；出版專著《英語專業學生口語中動詞語法型式使用研究》；參編《英語語法實用教程》，《讀寫教程》等教材。

作品目錄

Introduction11 Linguistics and English linguistics2 Structure of the book2Part ILanguage SystemOverview3Chapter OneWhat Is Language？51.1 The nature of language51.1.1 Defininglanguage51.1.2 The design features of language61.2 Distinctions between important concept pairs in linguistic study101.2.1 Synchronic and diachronic101.2.2 Langue and parole111.2.3 Competence and performance111.2.4 Syntagmatic and paradigmatic11Summary12Suggestions for study13Questions and exercises13Mini-research project14ChapterTwoPhonetics152.1 Speech organs152.2 Consonants and vowels162.2.1 The International Phonetic Alphabet162.2.2 Describing the English consonants172.2.3 Describing the English vowels23Summary25Suggestions for study26Questions and exercises26Mini-research project28Chapter ThreePhonology293.1 Important concepts in phonology293.1.1 Phonemes293.1.2 Minimal pairs and sets303.1.3 Phonemes, phones and allophones303.2 Identifying phonemes323.2.1 Environment and distribution323.2.2 Three types of distribution333.3 Sequences of phonemes353.4 Co-articulation effects363.4.1 Assimilation363.4.2 Elision373.5 Supra-segmental features373.5.1 Stress373.5.2 Tone and intonation383.5.3 Juncture39Summary40Suggestions for study41Questions and exercises41Mini-research project43Chapter FourMorphology444.1 What is morphology？444.2 Morphemes454.3 Classifications of morphemes464.3.1 Roots and affixes464.3.2 Free morphemes and bound morphemes474.3.3 Prefixes, suffixes and infixes484.3.4 Inflectional and derivational affixes484.3.5 Root, base, and stem504.4 Morphemes, morphs and allomorphs514.5 Empty morph and zero morph524.6 Morphemic analysis544.7 The role of morphology in English574.7.1 Grammatical functions of inflectional morphology574.7.2 Derivational morphology and word-formation processes57Summary62Suggestions for study63Questions and exercises64Mini-research project66Chapter FiveSyntax675.1 Structural description of sentences675.1.1 Syntactic relations675.1.1.1 Sequential （syntagmatic） relations675.1.1.2 Substitutional （paradigmatic） relations685.1.1.3 Hierarchical relations695.1.2 Labeled IC analysis and the hierarchical structuring of English sentences715.2 Generation of sentences745.2.1 Surface structure and deep structure745.2.2 A general description of phrase structure rules （PS rules）775.2.2.1 Noun phrases and adjective phrases785.2.2.2 Verb phrases and auxiliary phrases785.2.3 Transformational rules825.2.3.1 T-Affix 835.2.3.2 Passivization84Summary86Suggestions for study87Questions and exercises88Mini-research project90Chapter SixSemantics916.1 What is meaning？916.2 Lexical semantics936.2.1 Componential analysis936.2.1.1 What is componential analysis？936.2.1.2 General and specific semantic features946.2.1.3 Redundant semantic features946.2.1.4 Semantic classes956.2.2 Semantic field956.2.2.1 What is a semantic field？956.2.2.2 Sense relationships966.2.3 Lexical ambiguity1006.2.3.1 Polysemy1006.2.3.2 Homonymy1006.2.4 Collocations in English1016.3 Sentence semantics1026.3.1 What is essential for determining sentence meaning？1036.3.2 Semantic roles1046.3.3 Grammatical functions and semantic roles1066.3.4 Semantic anomaly107 Summary108 Suggestions for study109 Questions and exercises110Mini-research project114Part IILanguage UseOverview115Chapter SevenGeneral Principles of Communication1177.1 The Cooperative Principle1177. t.1 The four maxims of the Cooperative Principle1187.1.2 Violation of the maxims and conversational implicature1207.2 The Politeness Principle1237.3 The Principle of Relevance1257.3.1 The basic principle1257.3.2 Contextual effects and processing effort1267.3.3 Optimal relevance127Summary128Suggestions for study129Questions and exercises130Mini-research project131Chapter EightIntercultural Communication1328.1 Important concepts1328.1.1 What is culture？1328.1.2 What is communication？1348.1.3 What is intercultural communication？1348.2 Language and culture1358.2.1 The impact of language on culture1368.2.2 The impact of culture on language1378.2.2.1 Impact at the lexicallevel1378.2.2.2 Impact at the discourse level1378.3 Diverse intercultural communication patterns1388.3.1 Low-context and high-context communication1388.3.2 Direct and indirect verbal communication1408.3.3 Person-oriented and status-oriented verbal communication1418.3.4 Self-enhancement and self-effacement communication1418.4 Potential problems in intercultural communication1428.4.1 Seeking similarities1428.4.2 Stereotyping1438.4.3 Prejudice1448.4.4 Ethnocentrism1448.4.5 Culture shock145Summary146Suggestions for study147Questions and exercises148Mini-research project150Chapter NineLanguage Variety1519.1 Language--dialect--regional dialect--social dialect1529.1.1 Language and dialect1529.1.2 Regional dialects1529.1.3 Social dialects1539.2 Lingua franca--pidgin--creole1549.2.1 Lingua franca1549.2.2 Pidgin1549.2.3 Creole1559.3 Style--genre--taboo--euphemism1559.3.1 Style1559.3.2 Genre1579.3.3 Taboo1589.3.4 Euphemism1599.4 Gender and language use160Summary161Suggestions for study162Questions and exercises162Mini-research project163Part IIILanguage LearningOverview165Chapter TenMajor Issues in SLA16710.1 Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis16710.2 Error Analysis16810.3 The Interlanguage Hypothesis17010.4 The Monitor Model17110.5 The Output Hypothesis17310.6 The Open-Choice Principle and the Idiom Principle174Summary176Suggestions for study177Questions and exercises177Mini-research project178Chapter ElevenFactors Affecting Second Language Learning17911.1 Factors not easily modified by learners17911.1.1 Anxiety17911.1.2 Inhibition and risk-taking18011.1.3 Extroversion/Introversion18111.2 Factors easily modified by learners18311.2.1 Motivation and attitudes18311.2.2 Self-esteem18411.2.3 Learner strategies18511.2.3.1 Language learning strategies18511.2.3.2 Language use strategies18611.2.3.3 Differences between effective and ineffective learners188Summary197Suggestions for study198Questions and exercises198Mini-research project199Chapter TwelveDeveloping an Intercultural Communicative Competence20012.1 A brief review of current models of second language competence20012.2 Why are current models inadequate？20112.3 A model of intercultural communicative competence20412.4 Intercultural competence in communicative language use205Summary207Suggestions for study208Questions and exercises208Mini-research project209 References210